Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: The numerical simulation of oil containment by floating boom under wave-current coupling conditions is presented in a companion paper. The present paper focuses on the use of the numerical experimental platform developed by FENG and WU for the prediction of oil containment failure velocity of floating boom under wave-current coupling conditions. Detailed derivation processes about the containment failure velocity formula are provided. The effects of oil parameters, wave parameters and oil boom parameters on oil containment failure velocity receive particular attention, and the influences of some of these parameters such as oil density, boom draft are quantified. The prediction model can provide an economic, convenient method for oil spill response.

Abstract: Protein fouling has been reported to be one of the main obstacles for the membrane processes applied in water treatment, pharmaceutical industry, and biotechnology, etc. The extent and nature of membrane fouling are by the interfacial interactions between membranes and protein, however, have not been fully understood. In recent years, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method has been developed to quantify and analyze membrane fouling in various conditions and good results have been achieved. The scope of the current paper was to review literature on membrane–protein interactions using FTIR in the membrane systems. It will be conducive to further application of the membrane systems in the future.

Abstract: BCR three-step extraction method was used to evaluate the speciation of mercury in mining area soil. The results showed that the major existent form of mercury in NO.1 and NO.3 area were acid-soluble speciation, the major existent form of mercury in NO.2 and NO.4 area were nitric acid-soluble speciation, and the total content of mercury in entrance area, shade area, sunny area and low-lying area were 419.977 mg/kg, 182.945 mg/kg, 290.313 mg/kg and 798.718 mg/kg, respectively. The bioavailability of mercury in mining area soil was evaluated based on BCR speciation. Acid-soluble speciation, nitric acid-soluble speciation and oxidation speciation were considered to be potential bioavailability.

Abstract: With the global temperatures continue to rise, the days of hot weather were increasing, people who works in high-temperature and high-humidity environment will be injured. The heat damage will affect the person's behavior ability, decrease the staff’s working ability and cause misoperation. Comprehensive analysis of the factors of all aspects is very important for the analysis of heat damage risk to human. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used to analyze the problem in five aspects which are the physiological and psychological characteristics, work factors, work characteristics, work environment. The scores and the total score are calculated. Five classes classification method is used to establish the system of the individual risk evaluation model of heat damage pathogenic. The corresponding improvement strategies are provided to ensure the worker safety.

Abstract: This paper intends to reveal that materialism is how to influence the pro-environmental behavior in materialism, environmental beliefs and environmental concerns. A person who has materialistic tendency, his behavior is extremely harmful to the ecological environment. But environmental beliefs and environmental concerns are helpful to formation of the environment friendly behavior. The pro-environmental behaviors are classified into two kinds: one is cycle and substitution, which is the goods or services with low material and recyclable material for consumer choice; the other is to directly reduce material consumption or frugal consumption, which means reducing the consumption of non-necessities. With the help of establishing structural equation model of pro-environmental behavior and its influence factors, the relationship between factors and behavior is tested. The conclusions are as follows: Materialism impact on environmental beliefs and environmental concerns were significant negative; environmental beliefs on environmental concerns were significant positive; environmental concerns on the cycle and alternative behaviors were significant positive, but environmental concerns on frugal behaviors did not have a significant positive. As negative effects of the materialistic values and norms, the formation of Pro-environmental behaviors is difficult.

Abstract: The quality of surface water is a matter of serious concern nowadays. The surface water quality in a region is mainly determined both by the natural processes (precipitation rate, weathering processes, soil erosion) and the anthropogenic influences including urban, industrial and agricultural activities and increasing exploitation of water resources [1-. Since surface water in an area is often used for drinking, industrial, agriculture, recreation or other purposes. It is necessary to assess the water quality correctly to afford timely information to the public for satisfying peoples needs of production and daily life.

Abstract: Sports tourism and the ecological environment is the symbiotic relationship, sports tourism has positive effects on the environment, but also have a negative impact. The pollution of the environment of sports tourism process intensifies, directly restricts the sustainable development of sports. With the improvement of living standard of the Chinese people and sports undertaking are growing stronger, sports tourism is an unprecedented momentum of development. However, with the rapid development of sports tourism, sports tourism impact on the ecological environment has become increasingly prominent. This study explore to achieve external environment on sustainable development of sports tourism industry, practical basis, theoretical basis, construction of ecological environmental protection model, clear the relationship between various interest groups, based on the analysis of the atmosphere, water, noise and other pollution problems generated in the process of sports. Sustainable development of sports tourism will be realized by increasing government legislative norms and supervision, implemening scientific compensation mechanism, enhancing public environmental protection awareness, establishing and improving the ecological operation of measures.

Abstract: China mainland shale gas exploration and development are carrying out gradually. According to shale gas enrichment degree, water resources distribution and the practice of exploration and development, China mainland shale gas resources can be divided into five blocks. On this basis, the author preliminary discussed the distribution of water resources and eco-environmental problems during shale gas exploration and development. Considering the practice of shale gas exploration and development and water resources situation, the author put forward that the Upper Yangtze and Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region would be the most favourable block, and there are problems with China mainland shale gas exploration and development, such as large water consumption, well drilling water leakage and mud loss which would contaminate groundwater. In addition, shale gas well injection (grouting) might cause the occurrence of seismic events. After analyzing the two different kinds of opinions on whether China mainland shale gas exploration and development would cause environmental problems, the author pointed out that, without a doubt, there exist eco-environmental problems during shale gas exploration and development, and further proposed that we should put the environmental protection at first place and take the road of environment-friendly shale gas exploration and development by reference to the exploration and practice of shale gas development both of China and other advanced countries in the world.

Abstract: Inner Mongolia Prairie is a natural ecological barrier in the northern China, and is also one of the major bases for animal husbandry in China. However, in recent years, the degradation and desertification of Inner Mongolia prairie has become a major environmental challenge, and the prairie ecological system has faced various threats from the economic activities of mankind. This article starts with analyzing the current situation of prairie environment and eco-system, traces the reasons of the deterioration of the prairie ecology, and put forward some countermeasures against degradation of the eco-system.

Abstract: This article takes Jiangsu Province as an example, using the consumption from 2000 to 2009 and its social and economic statistical data to analyze the change rule of the energy consumption carbon footprint; with the trend correlation method to study the affecting factors of the energy consumption carbon footprint, and uses the decoupling index method to study the relationship between energy consumption carbon footprint and economic development. The conclusions show that the average growth rate of energy consumption carbon footprint from 2000-2009 is 13.6%. On the whole, before 2005, the main part of Jiangsu Province energy consumption carbon footprint is coal, and coal was in a more dominant position, the second was oil, natural gas at least, but after 2005, natural gas was in the dominant position, the second was coal, oil at least. Among the factors that affect energy consumption carbon footprint, economic growth is the most important. Economic growth is energy-based, and the former and the latter show a relative decoupling and re-hook fluctuations in the state.