Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: By use of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-UASB-SBR continuous process, treatment of an actual alkali dyeing wastewater (pH 11.50~13.50) taken from a certain factory in Xian-Yang was studied. The results indicated that: (1) When the influent COD is 1000~1600 mg·L^-1, chroma 250 times, firstly effluent COD reduced to 400~800 mg·L^-1 and chroma 40 times by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process, secondly effluent COD dropped to 250~500 mg·L^-1 by UASB process, finally effluent COD dropped to 70~98 mg·L^-1 by a SBR with loading PVA micro-gel beads, which meet the direct emission limits of water pollutants for dyeing and finishing of textile industry (GB 4287-2012); (2) Effective combination process of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis with UASB-SBR can be obtained through HRT optimization of micro-electrolysis reaction (HRT=10), that not only meet the requirement influent pH of anaerobic reactor, but also greatly reduce the cost of alkaline in practical application of iron carbon micro-electrolysis.

Abstract: In this paper, novel magnetic nanoparticles by initiating maleic anhydride-β-cyclodextrin (MAHCD) polymerization onto the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared. Firstly, MNPs were modified by silane couple agent, and then the modified MNPs reacted with 3-benzylsulfanyl thiocarbonyl sulfanyl propionic acid chloride to obtain RAFT chain transfer modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Then, maleic anhydride-β-cyclodextrin (MAHCD) was prepared by the reaction of maleic anhydride with β-cyclodextrin. Finally, MNP@P(MAHCD-co-MMA) nanoparticles were prepared using MAHCD and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomers and modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as chain transfer agent by RAFT in the presence of initiator AIBN. The structure and size of the MNP@P(MAHCD-co-MMA) nanoparticles were confirmed by FTIR, TGA, XRD and TEM. The results showed that the MNP@P(MAHCD-co-MMA) nanoparticles about 200 nm were successfully prepared. Moreover, the MNP@P(MAHCD-co-MMA) nanoparticles showed well adsorption property using hydroxylbenzoic acid as the guest compound. Therefore, the MNP@P(MAHCD-co-MMA) nanoparticles have the capability to adsorb suitable guest compounds, and could be used for water treatment.

Abstract: Magnetic photocatalyst ZnO/nickel-zinc ferrite powders were synthesized by two-step method: First ,nickel-zinc ferrite powders were prepared by coprecipitation method and then ZnO /nickel-zinc ferrite composite powders were prepared by the homogeneous precipitation method. The as-prepared sample was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the photocatalysis of the catalyst was evaluated with methylene blue as decomposition substance and the photocatalytic activity of the material has been tested on decomposable substrate under visible-light in the magnetic photocatalytic wastewater treatment reactor. The results demonstrate that the magnetic photocatalyst ZnO/nickel-zinc ferrite powders exhibit highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity, the degradation rate of methylene blue is 84%.

Abstract: This paper summarizes the application of hollow nanosphere ceramic materials and porous ceramic materials in environmental protection due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. nanoceramic materials with high specific surface materials contain two kinds of hollow nanosphere ceramic materials and porous ceramic materials from the perspective of structure. Their characteristics are of large specific surface material, high adsorption and desorption speed and large adsorptive capacity. Therefore, nanoceramic materials with high specific surface materials are widely applied in water pollution control, air pollution control, the treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater.

Abstract: By defining the concept of low carbon clothing and summarizing the design factors, this paper analyzes the low-carbon characteristics of pleated design in the processes of design, production and wearing. In the concept of low-carbon clothing, pleated design achieves the structure design of “multiple ways of wearing one piece of clothes” and “one-piece style”. It saves the cost of clothing, satisfies people’s diverse needs for clothing, brings a fresh wearing experience to customers, advocates the concept of “green” wearing and consumption, and meets people’s spiritual demand for low-carbon culture and life.

Abstract: The silver-loading diatomite prepared by the vacuum heating decomposition method was applied to the water disinfection. The inactivation effects of the silver-loading diatomite on the Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water were investigated. The effects of temperature and pH value on the bactericidal activity of the silver-loading diatomite against E. coli were investigated. The concentration of Ag+ in water samples was tested for safety. The results show that the silver-loading diatomite with the silver content of 1.46% can kill E. coli in experiment water in 30 minutes. The higher the temperature and the greater the PH value of the water samples, the stronger the antibacterial properties of the silver-loading diatomite. The concentration of Ag+ is less than 50ug/L in the disinfected and treated water samples. The silver-loading diatomite is a safe, effective antibacterial material.

Abstract: For the people living in the 21st century, whether the clothing and foods are healthy has become one of the hot topics. People are increasingly concerned about the aspects that involve human beings’ physical and mental health, such as low carbon, environmental protection, health and green issues. However, as the consumption subject of the contemporary era, the youngsters born in the 1980s and 1990s have higher requirements for the life styles and the low carbon and environment-friendly living and consumption concepts seem to better cater to their consumption views. Being one of the objects that are most closely related to people's health, clothing is badly related to people's health and environment. The paper will combine the writer's cognition about the low-carbon environment-friendly fabric and the strengths of such fabric and the contemporary consumers' consumption views to make a systematic elaboration about the development prospect of low-carbon and environment-friendly fabric.

Abstract: Silica nanoparticles (Si NPs) have a wide range of uses in semiconductors, battery cathode material, and high power laser source materials. However, Si NPs would flow into the wastewater treatment inevitably, and then potentially harmful interactions can occur between nanoparticles and wastewater systems, especially in denitrification process. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Si NPs on nitrate nitrogen removal under anaerobic conditions by employing activated sludge. Our data demonstrates that Si NPs had positive effects on denitrification at the beginning and did not display any measurable effect on nitrite nitrogen removal at the concentration of 100 mg/L and below. The denitrification process was elucidated by using the first-order reaction kinetics equation. This study provided useful data for understanding the effects of Si NPs on wastewater treatment.

Abstract: Ethanol-based heat reflux extraction has been successfully applied in extracting isoflavone compounds from the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. The different extraction factors including ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of solid/liquid and number of extraction cycles has been studied on the influence of the extraction yield of isoflavone compounds. And the orthogonal experiment has been used to optimize the extracting conditions. A variety of indicators were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency, including the yield of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone. The optimal extraction technology was as follows: extraction temperature 90°C, ratio of solid/liquid 1:6, ethanol concentration 90% and extraction 2 h. Under the optimal conditions extraction rates of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone were 37.51±0.64 mg/g, 2.63±0.03 mg/g and 117.4±0.89 mg/g. The study of this article can provide theoretical basis for large-scale production of puerarin, daidzein and total isoflavone.

Abstract: Chemical dispersant has been widely used in oil spill response around the world as an effective method. The study reviews the mechanism of chemical dispersion, the factors influenced dispersant effectiveness, the test methods of dispersant effectiveness, and applications in oil spills around the world. Then some questions on the research for chemical dispersants used during oil spills in China were discussed.