Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of pollination type on seed formation of Gazania rigens L.,gazania was chose as experimental materials, pollen coat and its components were analyzed. The results showed that, (1) there existed β-carotene on yellow pollen surface of gazania was, for it had the same Rf value as standard sample of β-carotene analyzed by plate chromatography. (2) analyzed by pollen surface protein colour spectrum -mass spectrometry, pollen surface proteins were mainly 30-50 kD.(3) by searching the NCBI protein database, 22 kinds of protein were compared and three of them were reliable. (4)these peptides with kinesin motor domain ,participate motion and spindle elongation of chromosome during mitosis. These results provide theoretical basis for affinity mechanism research of self-fertilization and cros-fertilization of Compositae plants.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of PAEs in Dunaliella Salina algae. A determination of PAEs in Dunaliella Salina algae was discussed. After concentration, the samples were directly injected into GC-MS in positive-ion electron impact mode. The method was applied to real sample and could potentially overcome the interference from large amounts of pigment. It was shown to be a reliable method for determination of PAEs in routine analysis.

Abstract: The growth and photosynthesis of Eichhornia crassipes affected by mixed rare earth elements (REEs) were measured under indoor mesocosm. The results showed that appropriate concentration range of mixed REEs could promote Eichhornia crassipes absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus effectively, and improve the efficiency of light energy utilization and transformation which made photosynthesis improved, and thus it could promote plant growth, and improve contents of protein and chlorophyll; fatherly, with increase of Eichhornia crassipes breeding density, dissolved oxygen (DO) reduced but chemical oxygen demand (COD) raised (a maximum value of 16.170 mg/L) in water, which eventually led to water quality worsen. The research results demonstrate that suitable contents of mixed REEs can promote aquatic plants such as Eichhornia crassipes growing, thereby contributing a positive catalytic effect to the development process of eutrophication.

Abstract: In order to study the effect of seed soaking with biogas slurry on seed germination and growth of faba beans (Vicia faba L.), the experiment was conducted. The seeds were soaked in biogas slurry for various soaking durations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours) and different concentration (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) along with control to determine the optimal soaking duration and find out the best growing condition. The highest germination rate, germination potential and germination index were obtained when the faba beans seeds soaked for 4 hours in 75 % biogas slurry. Seedling growth was recorded in plants where seeds soaked for 6 hours in 75 % biogas slurry. It was concluded that the seed soaking of biogas slurry with lower concentration (25, 50 and 75 %) showed best results regarding maximum germination and enhanced growth. However, under the higher concentration (100 %) conditions of biogas slurry had a tendency of decrease on seed germination and seedling growth.

Abstract: The aim was to study the effect of extract of disused battery on wheat germination. The germination characteristics such as germination rate, germinating, germination index, vigor index, and content changes of protein and nucleic acid in wheat grain were determined by germination bed method. The results showed that the extract concentration of disused battery affected wheat germination. With the increase of extract concentration of disused battery, the germination rate, germinating, germination index, vigor index and content of nucleic acid gradually dropped, only protein content added.

Abstract: Under artificial drought environment, membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and free proline (Pro) content of three cultivars of gazania were studied as well as the relation between the three physiological indexes and drought resistance. The results showed that: there existed significant positive correlation between relative conductivity and drought resistance in ‘Hongwen’; while ‘Xingbai’ and ‘XH’ showed the reverse result. The correlation between Pro content and drought stress treatment days in the three cultivars were significant positive. However, the correlation between MDA content and drought stress treatment days in the three cultivars were not the same. Therefore, Pro content can be chose as a physiological indicator to evaluate drought resistance in gazania.

Abstract: Effects of enhanced ultraviolet B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) on macroalgae have gained particular attention in recent years. We investigated the changes in the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of C. ocellatus under UV-B radiation in this study. The results showed that UV-B could inhibit the growth of C. ocellatus (p<0.01) and the growth inhibition was more significant with increased doses of UV-B radiation. The effects of UV-B radiation on Chl-a content in C. ocellatus were not obvious. The soluble proteins content and MDA content in C. ocellatus were increased by UV-B radiation, and the increase of MDA content was extraordinary significant. The SOD activity and CAT activity were increased when the intensity of UV-B radiation was 7.2 J/m², while the SOD activity and CAT activity were decreased when the intensity of UV-B radiation was 21.6 J/m².

Abstract: The stable isotope compositions of bivalve shells have been widely used to reconstruct palaeoclimate, but the metabolic effect obscured the climatic and environmental significance of the carbon isotope composition. In order to assess the contribution of metabolic C to the shell and ascertain whether its variations have any environmental or physiological significance, Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) was bred in the laboratory last for one year; two shell samples (shell A and B) were selected at the end of the experiment to determine the carbon isotope composition of the shell increment that deposited during the experiment. The results indicated that ڄ¹³C_A ranged from 4.76 to 2.09 and ڄ¹³C_B from 8.49 to 2.89 . ڄ¹³C of shell A and B are both more negative than the predicted equilibrium value, indicated that the shells had used the metabolic carbon during the shell forming process. According to computation, the proportion of shell A was 32.0% to 52.0% (mean value 38.7%); and shell B was 42.7% to 92.1% (mean value 70.3%). Such exceptional high proportion of metabolic carbon to cultured C. fluminea shells quite different from the field C. fluminea shells and other previous studies results, and may suggest that the improper bred food that indicate by the slowly growth rate of species caused the bivalve abnormal biological behaviors, which induce complicated and exceptional metabolic effect. Therefore, it can be used as indicator of deviant food change events during bivalve growth.

Abstract: This paper aims to study the impact of different carbon sources on phosphorus removal after the (AO)²SBR system was started successfully. Four kinds of carbon resources were used in sequence experiments to observe the impact of different carbon resources on phosphorus release at anaerobic condition, uptake aerobic condition, uptake anoxic condition and phosphorus removal of the (AO)²SBR system. And the carbon sources are sodium acetate, sodium propionate, glucose, sodium acetate + sodium propionate separately. The experiment result shows that the phosphorus release and uptake of active sludge at anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic condition was preferable with sodium acetate as carbon source. And the phosphorus removal rate of (AO)²SBR system and TP concentration in the effluent were 95% and under 0.5mg·L^-1 respectively. The phosphorus removal rate of (AO)²SBR system was only 60% with glucose as carbon resource. This study concluded that it is beneficial for the biological phosphorus removal to choose organics with short carbon chain, such as sodium acetate as carbon source.

Abstract: In this study, three bacterium strains capable of degrading methamidophos (MAP) were isolated from the soil samples contaminated with organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). According to morphological characteristics, physiological properties, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the isolates HS-A32, HS-D36, and HS-D38 were identified as Acinetobacter sp., Pseudomonas stutzeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. They could utilize MAP as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, and the degradation ratio upon 500 mg/L MAP could reach 80% in 3 days under optimal conditions (pH 7.0, 30-35 °C). The strains could use glucose, fructose, ethanol, and galactose as carbon and energy sources, and the favorable nitrogen source included organic and inorganic nitrogen. Further studies showed that the three strains could degrade various OPs. The characterized strains with broad-spectrum OP-degrading activities could be useful for the biodegradation of MAP and the other OPs.