Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 114

Abstract: In this paper, we consider a detailed technological process for manufacturing parts, namely, a gear wheel. The proposed method with the intervention of modern 3D modelling makes it possible to improve the main indicators of quality and strength of parts. Based on the results obtained, a cycloid transcendental system of circular motion of a gear wheel with the specified basic parameters was modelled. Using multifunctional modules, we studied the vibrations of the gear wheel at different points in time. It was found that due to the fatigue and contact strength, it is possible to ensure uniform flexural strength of the gear teeth. And also, by adjusting the profile of the teeth of the part, we selected the desired strengthening coefficient. The presented dependence of the angles of inclination of the gear teeth on the transformation coefficient allows you to improve the main indicators of quality and strength by at least 2 %.

Abstract: In this scientific study, the problem of automation of machine-building production is justified. A 3D model of the lathe is presented and its design is improved. Standard layout schemes based on the upgraded spindle assembly have been developed, which make it possible to increase the speed of this type of machine. The results obtained make it possible to achieve the desired cutting speed, which has significantly increased by 2-2,5 times. The constructed dependence of the deviation on the roundness of samples by the finite element method allows predicting the main indicators: feed rate, spindle speed, cutting depth, static imbalance, initial and final pressure. Also, the obtained analytical results allow us to establish the main regularities of forming the accuracy of this lathe.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the description of analytical and structural methods used in the design to avoid progressive collapse of buildings and structures in the case of extreme influences. Three directions are described to avoid the process of development of local to global destruction. The concept realized in the LIRA-SAPR software, which is aimed at automating analysis for progressive collapse in quasi-static and dynamic formulations, including linear and nonlinear analysis taking into account the dynamic factor, is also substantiated. The purpose of the analysis is to design structures for various purposes, which in addition to accident-free performance of functions during the specified period of operation, in case of an accident due to natural and man-made phenomena (defects in production technology, explosions, impacts), as well as other causes not provided for by the conditions of normal operation, would cause minimal damage to people and the environment.

Abstract: The appearance in widespread use of unmanned aerial vehicles, both multi-rotor and wing-carrying aircraft, revealed the possibility of their use in the activities of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. They can be used for emergency reconnaissance, aerial surveying, search operations, aviation chemical work related to the circulation of hazardous substances, monitoring of territories and objects, transmission of radio signals, delivery to the site of emergencies various types of payload, conducting alerting, lighting emergency situations and direct firefighting. Therefore, the issue of using unmanned aerial vehicles in the activities of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine is relevant. In essence, the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced to two main types of work - observation or work around a point object or movement over long distances to ensure work on the earth's surface. It is clear that the technical characteristics of the unmanned aerial vehicle determines its suitability for use in the relevant types of work. One of these characteristics is the range of radio communication, the busiest channel of which is real-time video communication, which is essential for most assigned tasks. The article attempts to estimate the range of video data transmission by radio for the most common models of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles of mass production and video data transmission systems that can be used optionally. To this end, we analyze the characteristics of video transmission systems, factors that affect the quality of video communication and others. Existing mass-produced models are best suited to work around a point object. Their use for long-distance flights will be limited by the range of video data transmission. By overcoming this situation, the authors see the use of unified unmanned aerial vehicles equipping them with optional video transmission systems.

Abstract: Development of a functional model of the process of creating a knowledge base on the recognition of objects and actions of the enemy on the basis of neural networks and fuzzy logic. The aim of the work is to develop a set of software and hardware designed for remote identification of hazardous substances by machine visual recognition of information signs of dangerous goods with the output of relevant information to the means of visual display (interface). Recommendations concerning providing UAVs with the necessary technical means to monitor the zone of emergencies are analyzed. The recommendations of the organization of radio communication between the UAV and the operator depending on the range of the UAV departure, terrain conditions etc are analyzed and given. The structural scheme of the complex of remote recognition of HC in the form of blocks, units and software and hardware is developed. As a result of the analysis of programming systems, it was found that Python programming language is the best choice to ensure the full operation of the software due to the built-in capabilities and the involvement of third-party frameworks. A database containing information on more than 3.000 HCs with detailed recommendations for emergency response is developed. The hardware and software complex for remote identification of dangerous substances by machine visual recognition of information signs of dangerous goods by UAV, consisting of unmanned aerial platform with photo-video recording means, data transmission system to ground control station, PC for processing results and related software are substantiated and developed. A test of the UAV's capabilities in recognizing danger signs with UN numbers in different lighting conditions was tested. In all cases, the HC was accurately identified. The ideas and methods proposed in this article will allow to create cheap and simple tools for rescue units of Ukraine, which deal with the consequences of emergencies related to the leakage of HCs.