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Numerical Analysis of Protective Wall Height Effect on Window Glass Durability Near Gas Explosion Epicenter

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Abstract:

The purpose of the study is to numerically assess the durability of the glass covering the windows of a house located near the epicenter of an emergency explosion of a gas-air mixture at a hydrogen refueling station. It is assumed that the gas release into the air is a consequence of the failure of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The influence of the height of the protective wall installed on the path of the shock wave propagation from the epicenter of the accident to the house on the degree of destruction of window glass depending on its type (ordinary, reinforced, tempered, laminated, and armored) is considered. Each type of glass is durable up to a certain range of the maximum excess pressure of the explosion wave in its front, which is characteristic of the degree of destruction (cracking, complete destruction). To obtain the distribution of the maximum excess pressure on the surface of the glass covering the windows of the house, the direct problem of the movement of the gas-air mixture through the space of the refueling station, which covers the epicenter of the explosion, the protective wall and the house with windows, was considered. To generate the blast wave, a model of the instantaneous explosion of a hemispherical cloud of a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture is used, which is based on the Euler equations with source terms of turbulent diffusion. The system of equations is a reflection of the laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy of the mixture, which is closed by the equation of state of the mixture and supplemented by the law of conservation of hydrogen combustion products. The Godunov method is used to solve the system. The solution is a non-stationary three-dimensional pressure field, which is the source of the distribution of the destructive factor (maximum excess pressure) on the window glass. Deterministic analysis of the durability of window glass to the action of the blast wave consists of comparing the obtained distribution of the value of this factor with reference data for each type of glass and the degree of its destruction. The presented methodology can be recommended for choosing the type of window glass and the required height of the protective wall at the design stage of a building of such a dangerous technogenic facility as a hydrogen filling station.

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Periodical:

Advances in Science and Technology (Volume 170)

Pages:

53-64

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-FBMw3A

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Online since:

November 2025

Authors:

Yurii Skob*, Igor Bychkov, Volodymyr Khalturin, Kyryl Korobchynskyi, Roman Maiboroda

Keywords:

Degree of Glass Durability to Overpressure, Emergency Explosion of Gas Mixture, Maximum Overpressure, Pressure Wave, Probit Analysis, Shock Wave Front, Window Glass Type

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© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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