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Material Characterization of FDM-Printed PLA Parts

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Abstract:

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a widely adopted additive manufacturing (AM) technique known for its accessibility and versatility. However, FDM parts exhibit anisotropy and layer-dependent variability in mechanical properties, complicating material behavior prediction. In this study, the effect of the following key FDM parameters, build orientation, printer setup, and layer deposition time on the mechanical performance of PLA specimens, will be examined. Standard ISO 527 tensile tests were performed, and the values of Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and interlayer bonding strength (IBS) were obtained. The analysis has shown that increased layer laying times result in increased cooling between layers, which in turn reduces IBS and interlayer adhesion. A finite element (FEA) numerical model that accurately represents the anisotropic and nonlinear response of printed parts has been developed based on microstructural analysis. The findings are expected to enable predictive modelling and optimization of FDM process parameters and provide practical guidelines for improved interlayer bonding and overall print reliability.

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Periodical:

Advances in Science and Technology (Volume 180)

Pages:

69-74

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-WnX0an

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Online since:

July 2026

Authors:

Ivan Goran Kovačić, Maja Dundović, Željko Vrcan, Kristina Marković*

Keywords:

Fuse Deposition Modeling (FDM), Interlayer Bonding, Mechanical Properties, Numerical Modelling, Tensile Testing

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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