Versatile Lithium Fluoride Luminescent Detectors for High Resolution Imaging Applications from Extreme Ultraviolet to Soft and Hard X-Rays

Article Preview

Abstract:

X-ray imaging represents a very relevant tool in basic and applied research fields due to the possibility of performing non-destructive investigations with high spatial resolution. We present innovative X-ray imaging detectors based on visible photoluminescence from aggregate electronic defects locally created in lithium fluoride (LiF) during irradiation. Among the peculiarities of these detectors, noteworthy ones are their very high spatial resolution (intrinsic ∼2 nm, standard ∼300 nm) across a large field of view (>10 cm2), wide dynamic range (>103) and their insensitivity to ambient light. The material photoluminescence response can be enhanced through the proper choice of reflecting substrates and multi-layer designs in the case of LiF films. The present investigation deals with the most appealing X-ray imaging applications, from simple lensless imaging configurations with commonly-available laboratory polychromatic X-ray sources to X-ray imaging-dedicated synchrotron beamlines in absorption and phase contrast experiments.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Pages:

54-63

Citation:

Online since:

October 2016

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2017 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] W.B. Fowler, Physics of Color Centers, Academic Press, New York and London, (1968).

Google Scholar

[2] S. Shionoya, W.M. Yen, Phosphor Handbook, CRC Press, Boca Raton, (1998).

Google Scholar

[3] R.M. Montereali, Point Defects in Thin Insulating Films of Lithium Fluoride for Optical Microsystems, in Handbook of Thin Film Materials, Nalwa, H.S., ed., Academic Press; Vol. 3: Ferroelectric and Dielectric Thin Films, Ch. 7, 399-431 (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/b978-012512908-4/50043-6

Google Scholar

[4] J. Nahum, D. A. Wiegand, Optical Properties of Some F-Aggregate Centers in LiF, Phys. Rev. 154 3 (1967) 817-830.

DOI: 10.1103/physrev.154.817

Google Scholar

[5] W.J. Gellermann, Color center lasers, Phys. Chem. Solids 52 1 (1991) 249-297.

Google Scholar

[6] G. Baldacchini, F. Bonfigli, A. Faenov, F. Flora, R.M. Montereali, A. Pace, T. Pikuz, L. Reale, Lithium Fluoride as a novel X-ray image detector for biological m-world capture, J. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 3 6 (2003) 483-486.

DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2003.023

Google Scholar

[7] G. Baldacchini, S. Bollanti, F. Bonfigli, F. Flora, P. Di Lazzaro, A. Lai, T. Marolo, R.M. Montereali, D. Murra, A. Faenov, T. Pikuz, E. Nichelatti, G. Tomassetti, A. Reale, L. Reale, A. Ritucci, T. Limongi, L. Palladino, M. Francucci, S. Martellucci, G. Petrocelli, A novel soft X-ray submicron imaging detector based on point defects in LiF, Rev. Scient. Instr. 76 (2005).

DOI: 10.1063/1.2130930

Google Scholar

[8] L. Reale, F. Bonfigli, A. Lai, F. Flora, A. Poma, P. Albertano, S. Bellezza, R.M. Montereali, A. Faenov, T. Pikuz, S. Almaviva, M.A. Vincenti, M. Francucci, P. Gaudio, S. Martellucci, M. Richetta, X ray microscopy of plant cells by using LiF crystal as detector, Microscopy Research and Technique 71 12 (2008).

DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20625

Google Scholar

[9] L. Reale, F. Bonfigli, A. Lai, F. Flora, P. Albertano, M. L. Di Giorgio, L. Mezi, R. M. Montereali, A. Faenov, T. Pikuz, S. Almaviva, M. Francucci, P. Gaudio, S. Martellucci, M. Richetta and A. Poma, Contact X-ray microscopy of living cells by using LiF crystal as imaging detector, Journ of Microscopy 258 2 (2015).

DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12226

Google Scholar

[10] R. Larciprete, L. Gregoratti, M. Danailov, M. Kiskinova, R.M. Montereali, F. Bonfigli, Direct writing of fluorescent patterns on LiF films by X-ray microprobe scanning, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 20 (2002) 3862-3864.

DOI: 10.1063/1.1480107

Google Scholar

[11] F. Bonfigli, A. Cecilia, S. Heidari Bateni, E. Nichelatti, D. Pelliccia, F. Somma, P. Vagovic, M.A. Vincenti, T. Baumbach and R.M. Montereali, In-line X-ray lensless imaging with lithium fluoride film detectors, Radiation Measurements 56 (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.03.001

Google Scholar

[12] S. Heidari Bateni F. Bonfigli, A. Cecilia, T. Baumbach, D. Pelliccia, F. Somma, M.A. Vincenti, R.M. Montereali, Optical characterization of lithium fluoride detectors for broadband X-ray imaging, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 720 (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2012.12.023

Google Scholar

[13] G. Tomassetti, A. Ritucci, A. Reale, L. Arizza, F. Flora, R.M. Montereali, A. Faenov, T. Pikuz, Two-beam interferometric encoding of photoluminescent gratings in LiF crystals by high-brightness tabletop soft x-ray laser, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 18 (2004).

DOI: 10.1063/1.1812841

Google Scholar

[14] F. Calegari, G. Valentini, C. Vozzi, E. Benedetti, J. Cabanillas-Gonzalez, A. Faenov, S. Gasilov, T. Pikuz, L. Poletto, G. Sansone, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. De Silvestri, S. Stagira, Elemental sensitivity in soft x-ray imaging with a laser-plasma source and a color center detector, Opt. Lett. 32 14 (2007).

DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002593

Google Scholar

[15] S. Almaviva, F. Bonfigli, I. Franzini, A. Lai, R.M. Montereali, D. Pelliccia, A. Cedola, S. Lagomarsino, Hard x-ray contact microscopy with 250 nm spatial resolution using a LiF film detector and table-top microsource, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 (2006).

DOI: 10.1063/1.2236283

Google Scholar

[16] D. Hampai, S.B. Dabagov, G. Della Ventura, F. Bellatreccia, M. Magi, F. Bonfigli and R. M. Montereali, High Resolution X-ray Imaging by Polycapillary Optics and Lithium Fluoride Detectors Combination, Europhysics Letters 96 (2011) 60010 1-4.

DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/96/60010

Google Scholar

[17] S.K. Sekatskii, V.S. Letokhov, Single fluorescence centers on the tips of crystal needles: First observation and prospects for application in scanning one-atom fluorescence microscopy, Appl. Phys. B 63 (1996) 525-530.

DOI: 10.1007/bf01828951

Google Scholar

[18] http: /henke. lbl. gov/optical_constants/atten2. html.

Google Scholar

[19] R.M. Montereali, A. Mancini, S. Martelli, F. Menchini, P. Picozzi, Micro and sub-micro fabrication techniques for optically confined structures based on lithium fluoride , J. Appl. Org. Chem. 15 (2001) 407-413.

DOI: 10.1002/aoc.162

Google Scholar

[20] E. Nichelatti, S. Almaviva, F. Bonfigli, I. Franzini, R.M. Montereali, M.A. Vincenti, Photoluminescence from colour centres generated in lithium fluoride thin films and crystals by extreme-ultraviolet irradiation, Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. B 268 (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2010.05.034

Google Scholar

[21] C. Bellecci, M. Francucci, P. Gaudio, S. Martellucci, M. Richetta, D. Toscano, A. Rydzy, M. Gelfusa, P. Ciuffa, Soft x-ray generation by a tabletop Nd: YAG/glass laser system, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 18 (2006) 2039-(2044).

DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/18/33/s19

Google Scholar

[22] H. Benisty, R. Stanley, M. Mayer, Method of source terms for dipole emission modification in modes of arbitrary planar structures, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 15 5 (1998) 1192-1201.

DOI: 10.1364/josaa.15.001192

Google Scholar

[23] F. Bonfigli, P. Gaudio, I. Lupelli, E. Nichelatti, M. Richetta, M.A. Vincenti and R.M. Montereali, Characterization of LiF-based soft X-ray imaging detectors by confocal fluorescence microscopy, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 15 (2010).

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/15/1/012025

Google Scholar

[24] F. Bonfigli, F. Flora, I. Franzini, E. Nichelatti, R. M. Montereali, Optical characterization of a soft X-ray imaging detector based on photoluminescent point defects in lithium fluoride thin layers, Journ. of Lumin. 129 (2009) 1964-(1967).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2009.04.035

Google Scholar

[25] A. Rack, T. Weitkamp, S. Bauer Trabelsi, P. Modregger, A. Cecilia, T. dos Santos Rolo, T. Rack, D. Haas, R. Simon, R. Heldele, M. Schulz, B. Mayzel, A. N. Danilewsky, T. Waterstradt, W. Diete, H. Riesemeier, B. R. Müller, T. Baumbach, The micro-imaging station of the TopoTomo beamline at the ANKA synchrotron light source, Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. B 267 (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2009.04.002

Google Scholar