Paper Titles

Finite Volume Method for Thermal Analysis of Longitudinal Trapezoidal Fin with Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity and Heat Transfer Coefficient
p.3

Numerical Study of Natural Convection in a Square Cavity Filled with Nanofluid
p.15

Numerical Investigation of Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer in a Bifurcated Backwards-Facing Step in the Presence of an Elastic Fin
p.27

Analytical and Numerical Analyses of MHD Non-Newtonian Third-Grade Nanofluid in Couette and Poiseuille Flows Using AGM
p.57

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure, Phase Composition and Mechanical Properties of Low-Cost Titanium Alloy Ti-2.8Al-5.1Mo-4.9Fe Obtained by TIG Welding
p.85

The Effect of Flame Straightening Thermal Cycles on S1100M Properties
p.93

Experimental Research Concerning Structural and Hardness Stability of 100Cr6 Steel Parts
p.103

Finite Element Analysis of Failure Pressure of X60 Pipeline with Double Defect
p.113

HomeDefect and Diffusion ForumDefect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 444Numerical Study of Natural Convection in a Square...

Numerical Study of Natural Convection in a Square Cavity Filled with Nanofluid

Article Preview

Abstract:

The aim of this work is the numerical study of natural convection in a square enclosure filled with nanofluids, using (Cu-water) and (TiO₂- water) nanofluids. The finite volume method is used to solve the Navier-Stocks and energy equations. The effects of different relevant parameters, such as types of nanoparticles, volume fraction of nanoparticles (0-30%) and whose Rayleigh number varying from 10³ to 10⁶. It appears from this study that heat transfer increases by increasing the Rayleigh number and the volume fraction of the nanoparticles. The use of nanofluid enhances heat transfer, the highest heat transfer enhancement is observed in Cu-nanofluid. Consequently, the type of nanoparticle is a main factor for the enhancement of heat transfer. A comparison of our results with those of Barakos and Mitsoulis revealed a good agreement.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Heat and Mass Transfer, Tribological Research and Materials for Energy Storage

Info:

Periodical:

Defect and Diffusion Forum (Volume 444)

Pages:

15-26

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ojQyO1

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

October 2025

Authors:

Ilham Lahlal, Hind Talbi, Kamal Amghar*, Salah Daoudi, Majdouline Alla

Keywords:

Cavity, Finite Volume, Nanofluid, Numerical Simulation, Nusselt Number

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] S. Lee, S.U.S. Choi. Application of Metallic Nanoparticle Suspensions in Advanced Cooling Systems. International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition, Atlanta, USA. 342 (1996) 227–234.

[2] M. Shafahi, V. Bianco, K. Vafai and O. Manca. Thermal Performance of Flat-Shaped Heat Pipes Using Nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 53, 7-8 (2010) 1438 – 1445.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.12.007

[3] K. Khanafer, K. Vafai, M. Lightstone, Buoyancy-driven heat transfer Enhancement in a two-dimensional enclosure utilizing nanofluids. Int J of Heat and Mass Transfer. 46 (2003) 3639–3653.

DOI: 10.1016/s0017-9310(03)00156-x

[4] H.C. Brinkman. The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solution. J. Chem. Phys. 20 (1952) 571–581.

[5] I. Lahlal, S. Daoudi, K. Amghar, D. Bahia. Improving Natural Convection in a Nanofluid Filled Cavity Through SMART Numerical Simulation. In International Conference on Smart Medical, IoT & Artificial Intelligence,Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.‏ (2024) 99-105.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-66854-8_10

[6] R. Bennacer, M. El Ganaoui, T. Maré, and C. T. Nguyen. Natural convection of nanofluids in cavity including the soret effect. Computational of Thermal Sciences. 4 (2009) 425– 440.

DOI: 10.1615/computthermalscien.v1.i4.40

[7] M. El hattab, R. Mir, Y. El hammami, T. Mediouni. Simulation numerique de la convection naturelle des nanofluides dans une enceinte carrée chauffée par une source de chaleur. Revue Internationale d'héliotechnique. 45 (2013) 51-59.

[8] H. Salhi, M. Si-Ameur. Convection naturelle dans les enceintes: nanofluide. Revue des Energies Renouvelables. 15(2012) 121 – 130.

DOI: 10.54966/jreen.v15i1.306

[9] M. Corione, A. Quintino. Double-Diffusive Effects on the Onset of Rayleigh-Benard Convection of Water-Based Nanofluids. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 8485.

DOI: 10.3390/app12178485

[10] C.J. Ho, W.K. Liu, Y.S. Chang and C.C. Lin. Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Alumina–Water Nanofluid in Vertical Square Enclosures: An Experimental Study. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 49 (2010) 1345 – 1353.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2010.02.013

[11] R. Rudrabhiramu, K.K. Kupireddi, K.M. Rao. Study of Thermal Characteristics Augmentation of the Aluminium Oxide Nano Fluid with Different Base Fluids. International Journal of Heat and Technology Vol. 39, No. 6, December, 2021, pp.2000-2005.

DOI: 10.18280/ijht.390639

[12] M. Ouakarrouch, K. El Azhary, N. Laaroussi, M. Garoum. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of conduction, natural convection, and radiation through alveolar building. Case Studies in Construction Materials. Volume 11, December 2019, e00249.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00249

[13] M. Hosseini, M.T. Mustafa, M. Jafaryar, E. Mohammadian. Nanofluid in tilted cavity with partially heated walls. Journal of Molecular Liquids volume. 199 (2014) 545–551.

DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.09.051

[14] J. C. Maxwell-Garnett, "Colours in metal glasses and in metallic films," Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 203(1904) 385–420.

DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1904.0024

[15] S.M. Aminossadati, B. Ghasemi, Natural convection cooling of a localised heat source at the bottom of a nanofluid-filled enclosure. European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids .28 (2009) 630– 640.

DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechflu.2009.05.006

[16] O. Ghoulam, H. Talbi, K. Amghar, A. Amrani, A. Charef, I. Driouch. Heat transfer improvement in turbulent flow using detached obstacles in heat exchanger duct. International Journal of Thermofluids. 27 (2025), 101225.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101225

[17] O. Hakan F., and E. Abu-Nada. Numerical study of natural convection in partially heated rectangular enclosures filled with nanofluids. International journal of heat and fluid flow 29.5 (2008) 1326-1336.‏

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.04.009

[18] G. Barakos, E. Mitsoulis. Natural convection flow in a square cavity revisited: laminar and turbulent models with wall functions. Int. J. Num. Meth. Fluids .18 (1994) 695–719.

DOI: 10.1002/fld.1650180705

[19] N. Putra, W.Roetzel, S.K. Das, 2003. Natural convection of nanofluids. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 39, pp.775-784.

DOI: 10.1007/s00231-002-0382-z

[20] K. Amghar, A. Filali, M.A. Louhibi, H. Bouali, N. Salhi, M. Salhi. Numerical study of turbulent heat transfer in a horizontal channel provided with square blocks: Effect of the inter-block spacing. Journal of thermal Engineering, 7, pp.650-665 (2021).

DOI: 10.18186/thermal.890073

[21] O. Ghoulam, H. Tlabi, K . Amghar, A. Amrani, I. Driouch. Heat transfer improvement in turbulent flow using detached obstacles in heat exchanger duct. International Journal of thermofluids, 27, 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101225 (2025).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101225

[22] K.Amghar, H. Ameur, H. Bouali, N. Salhi. Numerical study of thermal and dynamic structure of a laminar flow in solar collector. Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, p.7501–7506 (2021).

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.258

[23] E. Abu-Nada, Z. Masoud, A. Hijazi, 2008. Natural convection heat transfer enhancement in horizontal concentric annuli using nanofluids, 35, p.657–665.

DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2007.11.004

[24] I. Ahmad Faris,R. Welvakar, M. Khalid, 2003.Numerical Study on Buoyancy Driven Heat Transfer Utilizing Nanofluids in a Rectangular Enclosure, In Proceedings of the UK-Malaysia engineering conference (pp.118-123).