Paper Titles
Validation of Lattice Boltzmann Method in Two and Three Dimensions
p.25
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation for Combined Natural and Forced Convection in a Lid-Driven Square Enclosure with an Inner Heat Sink
p.35
Simulation of Natural Convection in a Triangular Cavity Using the Multi-Relaxation Time Lattice Boltzmann Method: Impact of Heated Chip Position
p.47
Corrosion Durability of the Deposited Layer on the Thin-Walled Base of Structural Elements Produced by Laser Radiation
p.61
Investigation of Stress Concentrators in Welds on Stress-Corrosion Cracking of X70 Steel Welded Joints in Near-Neutral pH Solution
p.69
Influence of Chemical Carbon Microheterogeneity on Fatigue Crack Growth Parameters in Railway Wheel Steel
p.77
Improvement of Tribological Properties of Steel by Femtosecond Laser-Inductive Microstructuring
p.83
Wear Behavior of Detonation-Sprayed (Ti,Cr)C-Ni Coatings under Dry and Lubricating Environment
p.91
Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in Al0.35CoCrFeNi Complex Concentrated Alloys Through Grain Size Tailoring
p.101

Investigation of Stress Concentrators in Welds on Stress-Corrosion Cracking of X70 Steel Welded Joints in Near-Neutral pH Solution

Article Preview

Abstract:

Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of buried gas pipelines has remained a global problem for over 50 years. As pipelines age, new SCC cases emerge, including in welded joints. Improving ductility in these joints is one way to enhance SCC resistance. A welded joint of X70 steel was made using single-arc submerged arc welding (OK10.74, Sv-08GNMA wire). SCC behavior was studied under cathodic polarization in NS4 solution using ANSYS modeling, slow strain rate tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that SCC in joints without a stress concentrator occurs along the base metal at a polarization potential of -1.050 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), indicating high weld quality and resistance to brittle fracture. Finite element modeling revealed stress concentration in the base metal during rupture. SEM analysis confirmed increased brittle fracture zones in these joints. With a V-shaped stress concentrator, SCC propagated along the weld, avoiding the heat-affected zone and base metal, which highlights the joint’s ductility. Numerical modeling showed maximum deformation beneath the notch, where fracture initiates. These findings demonstrate that ductile welded joints can effectively resist SCC, and stress concentrators significantly influence crack propagation paths. The study emphasizes the importance of weld quality and joint design in maintaining pipeline integrity under corrosive conditions.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Microstructure Evolution, Corrosion, Heat and Mass Transfer Processes View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Defect and Diffusion Forum (Volume 448)

Pages:

69-76

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-e6kIjo

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

March 2026

Authors:

Lyudmila Nyrkova*, Joanna Wojewoda-Budka, Yuriy Lisovskiy, Pavlo Lisovyi, Vladislav Onishchenko, Larysa Goncharenko, Ganna Chyzhyk, Olena Poliarus, Zuzanna Zajac

Keywords:

Stress-Corrosion Cracking, Welded Joint, Х70 Steel

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] B. Maamache, M. Bouabdallah, A. Brahimi, Y. Yahmi, B. Cheniti, B. Mehdi, Mechanical and metallurgical characterization of HSLA X70 welded pipeline steel subjected to successive repairs, Acta Metall Sin (Engl Lett). 29 (2016) 568-576.

DOI: 10.1007/s40195-016-0422-1

Google Scholar

[2] J.W. Sowards, T. Gnäupel-Herold, J.D. McColskey, V.F. Pereira, A.J. Ramirez, Characterization of mechanical properties, fatigue-crack propagation, and residual stresses in a microalloyed pipeline-steel friction-stir weld, Mater. Des. 88 (2015) 632-642.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.049

Google Scholar

[3] Y. Gu, P. Tian, X. Wang, X.L. Han, B. Liao, F.R. Xiao, Non-isothermal prior austenite grain growth of a high-Nb X100 pipeline steel during a simulated welding heat cycle process, Mater. Des. 89 (2016) 589-596.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.039

Google Scholar

[4] S. Hertelé, A. Cosham, P. Roovers, Structural integrity of corroded girth welds in vintage steel pipelines, Eng. Struct. 124 (2016) 429-441.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.06.045

Google Scholar

[5] Y. Yang, L. Shi, Z. Xu, H. Lu, X. Chen, X. Wang, Fracture toughness of the materials in welded joint of X80 pipeline steel, Eng. Fract. Mech. 148 (2015) 337-349.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2015.07.061

Google Scholar

[6] G. Khalaj, M.J. Khalaj, Investigating the corrosion of the Heat-Affected Zones (HAZs) of API-X70 pipeline steels in aerated carbonate solution by electrochemical methods, Int. J. Press. Vessels Pip. 145 (2016) 1-12.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2016.06.001

Google Scholar

[7] Z. Zhu, L. Kuzmikova, H. Li, F. Barbar, The effect of chemical composition on microstructure and properties of intercritically reheated coarse-grained heat-affected zone in X70 steels, Metall. Mater. Trans. B. 45 (2014) 229-235.

DOI: 10.1007/s11663-013-0008-5

Google Scholar

[8] V. Olden, A. Alvaro, O.M. Akselsen, Hydrogen diffusion and hydrogen influenced critical stress intensity in an API X70 pipeline steel welded joint–Experiments and FE simulations, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 37 (2012) 11474-11486.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.005

Google Scholar

[9] C. Li, Y. Wang, T. Han, B. Han, L. Li, Microstructure and toughness of coarse grain heat-affected zone of domestic X70 pipeline steel during in-service welding, Mater. Sci. 46 (2011) 727-733.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-010-4803-y

Google Scholar

[10] C. Li, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, Influence of peak temperature during in-service welding of API X70 pipeline steels on microstructure and fracture energy of the reheated coarse grain heat-affected zones, J. Mater. Sci. 46 (2011) 6424-6431.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-011-5592-7

Google Scholar

[11] H. Pouraliakbar, M. J. Khalaj, M. Nazerfakhari, G. Khalaj, Artificial neural networks for hardness prediction of HAZ with chemical composition and tensile test of X70 pipeline steels, J. Iron & Steel Res. Int., 22(5) (2015). 446-450.

DOI: 10.1016/s1006-706x(15)30025-x

Google Scholar

[12] Hamdollahzadeh A., Omidvar H., Amirnasiri A., Microstructure and mechanical characterization of X70 steel welded joints through hardness mapping and tensile strength testing, Arch. Metall. Mater. 62 (2017) 2021-2027.

DOI: 10.1515/amm-2017-0301

Google Scholar

[13] Y.I. Lisovskiy, L.I. Nyrkova, L.V. Goncharenko, L.I. Feinberg, The peculiarities of corrosion-mechanical destruction of welded joint from controllable rolled steel under cathodic polarization, in: International Young Scientists Conference on Materials Science and Surface, Abstract book, Lviv, 2023, pp.180-183.

DOI: 10.15407/msse2023.180

Google Scholar

[14] L. Nyrkova, L. Goncharenko, Y. Lisovskiy, L. Faynberg, V. Kostin, Resistance of the welded joint of X70 steel for main gas pipelines against corrosion-mechanical cracking under cathodic polarization in near-neutral pH solutions, Corrosion. 80 (2024) 1098-1108.

DOI: 10.5006/4615

Google Scholar

[15] A.H. Adeleke, J.L. Luo, D.G. Ivey Stress corrosion cracking behaviour in welded X-70 linepipe steel under near-neutral pH conditions, in: W. Chen, Proceedings of the 44 annual conference of metallurgists of CIM: pipelines for the 21 century, Edmonton, 2005, pp.365-367.

Google Scholar

[16] Q.L. Sun, W.W. Shao, X.G. Wang, C.B., Wang Influence of Fluctuation Frequency on Stress Corrosion Cracking of X70 Pipeline Steel Welding Joint, in Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2013, V. 690–693, 2668–2672.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2668

Google Scholar

[17] F.A. Martins, J.A. Ponciano, de I.S. Bott, Saw welded joints of two API steels subject to SCC laboratory testing. Materials Science Forum, Vols. 539-543,Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, 2007, p.4440–4445.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.4440

Google Scholar

[18] R.A. de Sena, І. N. Bastos, P.G Mendes, Theoretical and experimental aspects of the corrosivity of simulated soil solutions. Int. Sch. Res. Notices, article ID 103715 (2012) 6 pages.

Google Scholar

[19] National standard of Ukraine 8972:2019 Steel and alloys. Methods for detection and determination of grain size.

Google Scholar

[20] National standard of Ukraine DSTU ISO 148-1:2022 METALLIC MATERIALS. Charpy pendulum impact test. Part 1. Test method (ISO 148-1:2016, IDT)

Google Scholar

[21] National standard of Ukraine DSTU ISO 643:2024 Steels. Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size (ISO 643:2003, IDT).

Google Scholar

[22] National standard of Ukraine 8974:2019 Steel. Metallographic method for determination of microstructure of sheets and bands.

Google Scholar