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Review of Drying Technologies for Food Products: Methods, Innovations, and Optimization

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Abstract:

Drying is a well-established method for preserving food, extending shelf life, maintaining quality, and reducing post-harvest losses, yet many conventional systems remain energy-intensive and weather-dependent, particularly in regions with limited electricity supply. This review examines recent developments in food drying technologies, from traditional systems to innovative concepts integrating artificial intelligence, hybrid configurations, and renewable energy sources. A systematic literature review was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for publications from January 2020 to May 2025, applying defined inclusion–exclusion criteria and multi-stage screening, resulting in 95 relevant articles covering methods, innovations, optimization approaches, and implementation challenges. The findings show significant progress in the use of hybrid solar dryers, AI-assisted modeling, and optimization of process parameters to improve energy efficiency and product quality, with portable and hybrid solar dryers emerging as promising options for farmers and SMEs in low-electrification areas. However, high investment costs, limited scalability, and the need for robust real-time control still hinder wider adoption in resource-constrained settings. This review provides an integrated overview of state-of-the-art drying technologies, highlights knowledge gaps, and outlines research priorities for developing energy-efficient drying systems capable of producing high-quality products and accessible across diverse operating contexts.

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Periodical:

Engineering Headway (Volume 38)

Pages:

181-189

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8lLLxC

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Online since:

June 2026

Authors:

Amat Umron*, Muchammad Muchammad, M.S.K. Tony Suryo Utomo, Ahmad Fudholi, Tri Suyono

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Drying Technology, Energy Optimization, Food Preservation, Regions with Limited Electricity Supply

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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