Novel, Simple, Versatile and General Synthesis of Nanoparticles Made from Proteins, Nucleic Acids and other Materials

Challa V. Kumar; Inoka K. Deshapriya; Michael R. Duff; Brett Blakeley; Denise Lee Haye

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.12.77

Paper Titles

Carbon Nanomaterials, Relevance to Solving the Hydrogen Storage Problem
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Forward Bias Capacitance-Voltage Measurements on Semiconductors Using Co-Planar Ohmic and Schottky Contacts in a Cylindrical Geometry
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Structural Analysis of Au/Ti/Al/SiC Contacts in Dependence on the Initial Composition and Annealing
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Carrier-Phonon Scattering Rate and Charge Transport in Spherical and TMV Nanometric Viruses
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Novel, Simple, Versatile and General Synthesis of Nanoparticles Made from Proteins, Nucleic Acids and other Materials
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Inactivation of Salmonella typhi Using Fe³⁺ Doped TiO₂/3SnO₂ Photocatalytic Powders and Films
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On the Nanostructure of SiC
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Small Scale Reforming Separation Systems with Nanomembrane Reactors for Direct Fuel Cell Applications
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Synthesis Second Assembly of Calcium Carbonate Sphere Chains
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HomeJournal of Nano ResearchJournal of Nano Research Vol. 12Novel, Simple, Versatile and General Synthesis of...

Novel, Simple, Versatile and General Synthesis of Nanoparticles Made from Proteins, Nucleic Acids and other Materials

Abstract:

A new, simple, and versatile method was developed to prepare protein nanoparticles, for the first time, and the approach was extended to prepare organic, inorganic, and biological nanomaterials. For example, nanoparticles of met-hemoglobin and glucose oxidase are readily prepared by contacting a fine spray of aqueous solutions of the proteins to an organic solvent such as methanol or acetonitrile. The protein nanoparticles suspended in organic solvents retained their secondary structure and biological activities to a significant extent. Using this approach, we also successfully prepared nanoparticles of transition metal complexes, organic molecules, nucleic acids, inorganic polymers, and organic polymers. Particle size depended on reagent concentrations, pH and the solvent used, and particle sizes have been controlled from 20 to 200 nm by adjusting these parameters. In each case, particle sizes and size distributions were determined by dynamic light scattering and the data have been confirmed by electron microscopy. Addition of appropriate electrolytes to the nanoparticle supensions stabilized them against aggregation or crystallization, and particles were stable over months of storage at 4°C. Nanoparticles of met-hemoglobin, glucose oxidase, and calf thymus DNA indicated retention of their native-like structures, as evidenced from their respective circular dichroism spectra. Enzyme nanoparticles retained their catalytic activities to a significant extent. For example, peroxidase-like activity of met-hemoglobin nanoparticles suspended in methanol was 0.3 M-1 s-1, which is comparable to the activity of met-hmoglobin in aqueous buffer (1.0 M-1 s-1) even though the former has been measured in methanol. This activity is far greater than the activity of free heme in methanol. Thus, the nanobiocatalysts retained substantial activity in organic solvents. Nanoparticles of anthracene indicated extensive excitonic coupling due to inter-chromophore interactions. The current method of nanoparticle synthesis is rapid, simple, versatile, reproducible and resulted in the formation of nanoparticles from a variety of materials, many of them for the first time.