Key Engineering Materials Vol. 1030

Abstract: The peeling efficiency is approximately 80% when processing buckwheat using a peeling machine that relies on friction and shear forces. In order to improve this efficiency, the design of this type of machine needs to be modified to better suit the unique characteristics of buckwheat grains. Thus, a mathematical model of the buckwheat peeling process has been developed using a peeling device with a new deck design. The model is based on a theoretical understanding of the process and takes into account the effects of friction and elastic deformation. The model accurately predicts the outcomes of the peeling process and the forces acting on the grain. In the deck compression design, forces are generated that act periodically at right angles to the grain direction, within the limits of material flexibility. Frictional forces, directly related to normal forces, are generated by the movement of the rotating roller and are determined by the elastic forces generated by the grain. Under the influence of these alternating forces, the grain is peeled in the gap between the rotating roller and the compressing deck. If the force applied to the grain is not greater than the elastic limit, there is no risk of kernel crushed. Based on these forces, a mathematical model has been developed to describe the process of grain hulling in the device. This model takes into account the physical properties of the grain and the design parameters of the device to predict the optimal conditions for hulling machine.Using the derived equation of motion, we can conclude that the larger the diameter of the rotating roller in the hulling device, the more accurate the simulation will be and the better the conditions will be for capturing grains within the working gap. This equation also allows us to calculate the productivity and power requirements of the hulling machine.

Abstract: One way to develop Mongolia's energy sector is to introduce new, environmentally friendly, modern technologies and provide heat supply to consumers located far from centralized provinces’ reliable sources. To reduce air pollution, there has been an urgent need to solve the problem of heating private homes. Those homes need a heating supply that does not use coal. Therefore, to meet the buildings’ heat requirements, the project has the potential to reduce air pollution by storing thermal energy in the solid phase, and using renewable energy and electricity. The research aims to study the heat storage capacity of naturally abundant rock, river rock, and iron ore rocks, and to create a heating source supply with heat storage that is compatible with them. Within this goal, the results of determining the thermal energy absorption capacity of rocks are presented in this study.

Abstract: After researching and analyzing existing deformation sensors, their several key features were identified. These features highlight, on one hand, important considerations for the development of new deformation sensors, and on the other hand, potential strategies for addressing the limitations that hinder the performance or applicability of current sensors—particularly in terms of accuracy and range of use. This paper explores both the design of a next-generation deformation sensor and the enhancement of existing transducers. Specifically, we introduce an optical deformation transducer capable of measuring the deformation of objects without being restricted by their material composition or size. The sensor’s measurements are minimally influenced by environmental factors, offering greater reliability. Additionally, the sensor is cost-effective, simple to manufacture, and easy to install.

Abstract: The main task of information processing in this work is to develop approaches to predicting future threats based on existing experience, initially obtained using intelligent technologies, that are a set of methods and technical means, by which human intelligence is modeled in an autonomous mode based on appropriate algorithms and programs. As an example, the functioning of security systems that protect the population from technogenic, ecological, epidemiological, etc. factors, in extreme cases minimizing their impact, is related to the structural-functional synthesis of control and support systems, decision-making, feedback, adaptation, and intelligent monitoring of external conditions. The new notification system, developed for landslide-prone areas, provides: (1) measurement of ground displacement and relative slope, (2) measurement of constructions deformation and bulge, and (3) receiving, visualization, and processing of the collected data at the monitoring center.