Additive Manufacturing of HDPE Composites Reinforced with Alkali-Treated Saccharum Munja Fibers: Processing, Characterization, and Properties

Nitin Kumar Arya; Aparna Singh

doi:10.4028/p-ehEo7x

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Thermal and Rheological Properties of Hemp Fiber/Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) Composites
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Additive Manufacturing of HDPE Composites Reinforced with Alkali-Treated Saccharum Munja Fibers: Processing, Characterization, and Properties
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Additive Manufacturing of HDPE Composites Reinforced with Alkali-Treated Saccharum Munja Fibers: Processing, Characterization, and Properties

Abstract:

This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of composites made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and alkali-treated Saccharum munja fibers (SMF) at varying fiber concentrations (0 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%) using a twin extruder-based 3D printing process without any blending material other than fiber and matrix. The fibers were treated with 5 wt% NaOH solution to enhance surface properties and fiber–matrix adhesion. Comprehensive characterization was performed, including mechanical testing (tensile and flexural), thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)), morphological evaluation (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), crystallinity evaluation (X-ray diffraction (XRD)), and functional groups identification (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)). Additionally, four-dimensional X-ray microscopy (FDXM) was employed to assess void content in the composite samples. Alkali treatment significantly influenced the composite's crystallinity, thermal stability, and mechanical performance. The study demonstrates the effective utilization of natural fibers in HDPE matrices for making sustainable composite materials using additive manufacturing.