Paper Titles

Ionic Conductivity and Crystal Structure of TM-Doped Mg₀_.₅Ti₂(PO₄)₃ (TM = Fe, Mn, Co and Nb)
p.291

Orientation and Morphology of LiCoO₂ Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition on Al₂O₃ Single Crystal
p.300

Environmental Structural Analysis of Raney Ru(Ni) Fine Particles
p.304

Synthesis and Structural Investigation of Metal Hydride, Y(Mn_1-xFe_x)₂H_y (x ≤ 0.3, 4.0 ≤ y ≤ 4.5) and Complex Hydride, Y(Mn_1-xFe_x)₂H₆
p.310

Charging and Discharging Phenomena in Organic Photoconductors Observed Using Electron Holography
p.315

Tantalum Vacancy Effects on Electrical Conductivity of La₃Ta₀_.₅Ga_5.₅O₁₄ and Ba-Based P321 Crystals
p.325

Emission Characteristics of Copper Ionic Lines from the 3d⁹5s-3d⁹4p Transition in a Low-Pressure Laser-Induced Plasma
p.331

Optical Conductivity of Rattling Phonons in Type-I Clathrates Ba₈Ga₁₆Ge₃₀ and Ba₈Ga₁₆Sn₃₀
p.341

Suppression of Spin Pumping in the Presence of Thin Titanium Interlayer
p.347

HomeKey Engineering MaterialsKey Engineering Materials Vol. 508Charging and Discharging Phenomena in Organic...

Charging and Discharging Phenomena in Organic Photoconductors Observed Using Electron Holography

Article Preview

Abstract:

The Phenomenon of Laser-Induced Discharging in an Organic Photoconductor Sample Was Directly Observed Using Electron Holography and Sophisticated Techniques for In Situ Observations. Mechanical Friction Was Used to Induce Negative Tribocharges on the Surface of the Photoconductor Sample. the Observation of Equipotential Contour Lines (i.e., the Electric Potential Distribution) outside the Specimen Revealed that the Amount of Tribocharges Was Reduced by the Laser Exposure. Computer Simulations of the Equipotential Lines Provided Useful Information for Evaluating the Quantity of Tribocharges.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Materials Integration

Info:

Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 508)

Pages:

315-322

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.508.315

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

March 2012

Authors:

K. Takahashi, Y. Murakami, Daisuke Shindo

Keywords:

Electric Field, Electron Holography, Photoconductor, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2012 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

[1] A. Tonomura, Electron Holography, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, (1999).

[2] E. Völkl, L. F. Allard, D.C. Joy, Introduction to Electron Holography, Plenum Pub., New York, (1999).

[3] H. Lichte, M. Lehmann, Electron holography-basics and applications, Rep. Prog. Phys. 71 (2008) 016102(1)-016102(46).

DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/71/1/016102

[4] R. Dunin-Borkowski, M.R. McCartney, Off-axis Electron Holography of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials, in Magnetic Nanostructures, H.S. Nalwa (Ed. ), American Scientific Pub., Stevenson Ranch, (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/bs.hmm.2018.09.001

[5] D. Shindo, Y. Murakami, Electron holography of magnetic materials, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 (2008) 183002(1)-183002(21).

DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/41/18/183002

[6] Y. Murakami, D. Shindo, K. Oikawa, R. Kainuma, K. Ishida, Magnetic domain structure in Co-Ni-Al shape memory alloys studied by Lorentz microscopy and electron holography, Acta Mater. 50 (2002) 2173-2184.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6454(02)00061-7

[7] J.C. Loudon, N.D. Mathur, P.A. Midgley, Charge-ordered ferromagnetic phase in La0. 5Ca0. 5MnO3, Nature 420 (2002) 790-800.

DOI: 10.1038/nature01299

[8] Y. Murakami, J.H. Yoo, D. Shindo, T. Atou, M. Kikuchi, Magnetization distribution in the mixed-phase state of hole-doped manganites, Nature 423 (2002) 965-968.

DOI: 10.1038/nature01715

[9] S.L. Tripp, R.E. Dunin-Borkowski, A. Wei, Flux closure in self-assembled cobalt nanoparticle rings, Angew. Chem. 115 (2003) 5749-5751.

DOI: 10.1002/ange.200352825

[10] K. Yamamoto, Y. Iriyama, T. Asaka, T. Hirayama, H. Fujita, C. A. J. Fisher, K. Nonaka, Y. Sugita, Z. Ogumi, Dynamic visualization of the electric potential in an all-solid-state rechargeable lithium battery, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49 (2010).

DOI: 10.1002/ange.200907319

[11] W.D. Rau, P. Schwander, F.H. Baumann, W. Höppner, A. Ourmazd, Two-dimensional mapping of the electrostatic potential in transistors by electron holography, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 (1999) 2614-2617.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.82.2614

[12] Z. Wang, T. Hirayama, K. Sasaki, H. Saka, N. Kato, Electron holography characterization of electrostatic potential distributions in a transistor sample fabricated by focused ion beam, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 (2002) 246-248.

DOI: 10.1063/1.1432746

[13] J. Cumings, A. Zettl, M.R. McCartney, J.C.H. Spence, Electron holography of field-emitting carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 056804(1)-056804(4).

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.056804

[14] H. Okada, D. Shindo, J.J. Kim, Y. Murakami, H. Kawase, Triboelectricity evaluation of single toner particle by electron holography, J. App. Phys. 102 (2007) 054908(1)-054908(5).

DOI: 10.1063/1.2777566

[15] D. Shindo, J.J. Kim, K.H. Kim, W. Xia, N. Ohno, Y. Fujii, N. Terada, S. Ohno, Determination of orbital location of electron-induced secondary electrons by electric field visualization, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78 (2009) 104802(1)-104802(8).

DOI: 10.1143/jpsj.78.104802

[16] D. Shindo, Y. Murakami, Electron holography study of electric field visualization, J. Electron Microsc. 60 (2011) S225-S237.

DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfr017

[17] D. Shindo, K. Takahashi, Y. Murakami, K. Yamazaki, S. Deguchi, H. Suda, Y. Kondo, Development of a multifunctional TEM specimen holder equipped with a piezodriving probe and a laser irradiation port, J. Electron Microsc., 58 (2009) 245-249.

DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfp018

[18] G. Matteucci, G.F. Missiroli, G. Pozzi, Simulations of electron holograms of long range electrostatic field, Scanning Microsc. 11 (1997) 367-374.