Structural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Biomedical Porous Ti-10Mo Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Sintering

Abstract:

Ti-Mo alloy is one of the most prospective metallic biomaterials for implant application because of its low elastic modulus, high corrosion resistance and tissue compatibility. A complex-shaped porous Ti-10Mo alloy from a mixture of elemental metal powders and polymer binders was processed by selective laser sintering forming, followed by thermal debinding and sintering in vacuum. The effects of processing parameters on structural characteristics and mechanical properties were studied. The results indicate that the pore characteristic parameters, matrix microstructure and mechanical properties strongly depend on the sintering temperature. Specimens sintered at 1100 °C exhibit a higher porosity of 52.41%, and possess many three-dimensionally interconnected pores with an average size of 200 μm, and the matrix is dominated by α and β phases, and meanwhile the alloy exhibits a compressive yield strength of 95.59 MPa and an elastic modulus of 4.89 GPa at room temperature. With the rise in sintering temperature, both the porosity and the average pore size of specimens gradually decrease, and the interconnected pores tend to be closed. Specimens sintered at 1400 °C are characterized by a porosity of 26.32% and an average pore size of 60 μm with a compressive yield strength of 440 MPa and an elastic modulus of 35.26 GPa.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 520)
• Pages: 234-241
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.520.234
• Online since: August 2012
• Authors: Fang Xia Xie, Xin Lu, Xin Bo He, Xuan Hui Qu
• Keywords: Mechanical Property, Microstructure, Porosity, Selective Laser Sintering, Ti-10Mo Alloy

References

[1] M. Balazic, J. Kopac, M.J. Jackson, W. Ahmed, Review: titanium and titanium alloy applications in medicine, Int. J. Nano and Biomaterials 1 (2007) 3-34.

DOI: 10.1504/ijnbm.2007.016517

[2] M. Geetha, A.K. Singh, R. Asokamani, A.K. Gogia, Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants–A review, Prog. Mater. Sci. 54 (2009) 397-425.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2008.06.004

[3] Y.L. Zhou, D.M. Luo, Corrosion behavior of Ti–Mo alloys cold rolled and heat treated, J. Alloys Compd. 509 (2011) 6267-6272.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.03.045

[4] M.M. Dewidar, K.A. Khalil, J.K. Lim, Processing and mechanical properties of porous 316L stainless steel for biomedical applications, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 17 (2007) 468-473.

DOI: 10.1016/s1003-6326(07)60117-4

[5] H.I. Bakan, A novel water leaching and sintering process for manufacturing highly porous stainless steel, Scripta Mater. 55 (2006) 203-206.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.03.039

[6] I.H. Oh, N. Nomura, N. Masahashi, S. Hanada, Mechanical properties of porous titanium compacts prepared by powder sintering, Scripta Mater. 49 (2003) 1197-1202.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.08.018

[7] Z. Esen, S. Bor, Characterization of Ti-6Al-4V alloy foams synthesized by space holder technique, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 528 (2011) 3200-3209.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.01.008

[8] C.L. Chu, C.Y. Chung, P. H. Lin, S.D. Wang, Fabrication of porous NiTi shape memory alloy for hard tissue implants by combustion synthesis, Mater. Sci. Eng., A 366 (2004) 114-119.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.118

[9] Y.H. Li, L. J. Rong, Y. Y. Li, Pore characteristics of porous NiTi alloy fabricated by combustion synthesis, J. Alloys Compd. 325 (2001) 259-262.

DOI: 10.1016/s0925-8388(01)01382-2

[10] D.Y. Yang, H.P. Shao, Z.M. Guo, T. Lin, L.P. Fan, Preparation and properties of biomedical porous titanium alloys by gelcasting, Biomed. Mater. 6 (2011) 1-8.

DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/6/4/045010

[11] Y. Li, Z.M. Guo, J.J. Hao, S.B. Ren, Porosity and mechanical properties of porous titanium fabricated by gelcasting, Rare Met. 27 (2008) 282-286.

DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0521(08)60130-8

[12] S. Upcraft, R. Fletcher, The rapid prototyping technologies, Assembly Autom. 23 (2003) 318-330.

DOI: 10.1108/01445150310698634

[13] S. Kumar, Selective Laser Sintering: A Qualitative and Objective Approach, JOM. 55 (2003) 43-47.

DOI: 10.1007/s11837-003-0175-y

[14] K.H. Tan, C.K. Chua, K.F. Leong, C.M. Cheah, W.S. Gui, W.S. Tan, F.E. Wiria, Selective laser sintering of biocompatible polymers for applications in tissue engineering, Bio-Med. Mater. Eng. 15 (2005) 113-124.

[15] Y. Zhang, L. Hao, M.M. Savalani, R.A. Harris, K.E. Tanner, Characterization and dynamic mechanical analysis of selective laser sintered hydroxyapatite filled polymeric composites, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., A 86 (2008) 607-616.

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31622

[16] S. Eosoly, D. Brabazon, S. Lohfeld, L. Looney, Selective laser sintering of hydroxyapatite/ poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds, Acta Biomater. 6 (2010) 2511-2517.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.07.018

[17] W.Y. Zhou, S.H. Lee, M. Wang, W. L. Cheung, W.Y. Ip, Selective laser sintering of porous tissue engineering scaffolds from poly(L-lactide) /carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposite microspheres, J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Med. 19 (2008) 2535-254.

DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3089-3

[18] F.E. Wiria, K.F. Leong, C.K. Chua, Y. Liu, Poly-ε-caprolactone/hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering scaffold fabrication by selective laser sintering, Acta Biomater. 3 (2007) 1–12.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.07.008

[19] M. Thieme, K.P. Wieters, F. Bergner, D. Scharnweber, H. Worch, J. Ndop, T.J. Kim, W. Grill, Titanium powder sintering for preparation of a porous FGM destined as a skeletal replacement implant, Mater. Sci. Forum. 308 (1999) 374-382.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.308-311.374

[20] C.E. Wen, M. Mabuchi, Y. Yamada, K. Shimojima, Y. Chino, T. Asahina, Processing of biocompatible porous Ti and Mg, Scripta Mater. 45 (2001) 1147-1153.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6462(01)01132-0

[21] B.V. Krishna, S. Bose, A. Bandyopadhyay, Low stiffness porous Ti structures for load-bearing implants, Acta Biomater. 3 (2007) 997-1006.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.03.008