Use of Coffee Plant Stem in the Production of Conventional Particleboards

Abstract:

When the productivity of a coffee plantation drops considerably, the crop must be renewed. In this case, the removed plants become residues to be discarded. This work aimed to verify the utilization of the coffee plant stem in the production of conventional particleboards. The basic density and chemical composition of the coffee stem was obtained. 3 particleboards were produced with urea-formaldehyde at 6% and paraffin at 1%. The target density of the panels was 0.600 g/cm3. The pressing cycle used was: pressure of 0.32 MPa, temperature of 160°C and time of 8 minutes. Apparent density (AD), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS) after 2 and 24 hours immersion and thickness non-return rate (TNRR) were the physical properties obtained. Mechanical properties evaluated were parallel compression (CP), static bending (MOE and MOR) and internal bonding (IB). The average basic density, total extractive, lignin, mineral components and holocelluloses contents obtained were 0.581gcm^-3, 11%, 28%, 2% and 59%, respectively. The average values of the physical and mechanical properties of the boards, followed by their standard deviation were: AD= 0.577 gcm^-3 (0.018); CR = 1.03 (0.12); WA_2h = 55% (2.3); WA_24r = 76% (2.5); TS_2h = 32% (4.4); TS_24h = 59% (7.8); TNRR = 62 % (2.0); IB = 0.43 MPa (0.03); CP = 4.9 MPa (0.23); MOE = 1324.4 MPa (1.02); and MOR = 13.4 MPa (1.02). Coffee stem conventional particleboards presented poor physical resistance. On the other hand, they may be commercialized for general uses in dry-conditions.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 600)
• Pages: 703-708
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.600.703
• Online since: March 2014
• Authors: Antônia Amanda da Silva César, Lina Bufalino, Laurenn Borges de Macedo, Ricardo Gabriel de Almeida Mesquita, Thiago de Paula Protásio, Lourival Marin Mendes
• Keywords: Agricultural Residue, Coffea arabica L, Resistance Properties

References

[1] AZIZI, K.; TABARSA, T.; ASHORI, A. Performance characterizations of particleboards made with wheat straw and waste veneer splinters. Composites part B, New Orleans, v. 42, p.2085–2089, Oct. (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.04.002

[2] American Society for Testing Materials [ASTM]. 2006. D1037: Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-based Fiber and Particle Panel Materials. ASTM International, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

[3] Brazilian Association Industry Of Wood Panels [ABIPA] Numbers of sector in 2012. Available in: <http: /www. abipa. org. br/numeros. php>. Accessed on: December 17 in 2012 [in portuguese].

[4] Brazilian Association Of Coffee Industry – [ABIC]. Indicators of industry. Available in: <http: /www. agricultura. gov. br/vegetal/culturas/cafe/saiba-mais>. Accessed on: December 17 in 2012 [in portuguese].

[5] Brazilian Association Of Producers Of Planted Forests [ABRAF]. ABRAF Statistical Yearbook 2011: base year 2010. Brasília, 2011. 130p. [in portuguese].

[6] Brazilian Ministry Of Agriculture. Coffee in Brazil. Available in: <http: /www. agricultura. gov. br/vegetal/culturas/cafe/saiba-mais> Accessed on: December 17 in 2012 [in portuguese].

[7] Brazilian Technical Standards Association [ABNT]. 2003. NBR 11941: Wood – Determination of the Basic Density. ABNT, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

[8] Brazilian Technical Standards Association [ABNT]. 2006. NBR 14810-3: Wood – Particleboards. ABNT, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

[9] Bekalo, S. A.; Reinhardt, H. W. Fibers of coffee husk and hulls for the production of particleboard. Materials and Structures v. 43, p.1049–1060, (2010).

DOI: 10.1617/s11527-009-9565-0

[10] Ciannamea, E. M.; Stefani, P. M.; Ruseckaite, R. A. Medium-density particleboards from modified rice husks and soybean protein concentrate-based adhesives. Bioresource Technology, New York, v. 101, n. 2, pp.818-825, Jan. (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.084

[11] European Committee For Standardization. [EN]. EN 312: Particleboards-Specifications. Brussels, (2003).

[12] Fiorelli, J.; Lahr, F. A. R.; Nascimento, M. F.; Savastano Júnior, H.; Rossignolo, J. A. (2011).

[13] Frihart, C. R.; Hunt, C. G. 2010. Adhesives with Wood Materials – Bond Formation and Performance. p.10. 1-10. 24. In: Forest Products Laboratory, eds. Wood Handbook. USDA, Madison, WI, USA.

[14] German Institute for Standardization. 1982. DIN 52362: Testing of Wood Chipboards Bending Test, Determination of Bending Strength. DIN, Berlin, BE Germany.

[15] Khedari, J.; Nankongnab, N.; Hirunlabh, J.; Teekasap, S. New low-cost insulation particleboards from mixture of durian peel and coconut coir. Building and Environment, West Lafayette, v. 39, p.59–65, Jan. (2004).

DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2003.08.001

[16] Lima, A. M.; Vidaurre, G. B.; Lima, R. M.; Brito, E. O. (2006). Use of fibers (epicarp) babassu as alternative raw material in the production of plywood plates. Árvore Magazine, Viçosa, v. 30, n. 4, pp.645-650 [in portuguese].

[17] Maloney, T. M. Family of wood composite materials. Forest Products Journal, Madison, v. 46, n. 2, pp.19-26, (1996).

[18] Melo, R. R.; Santini, E. J.; Haselein, C. R.; Garlet, A.; Paes, J. B.; Stangerlin, D. M. (2010).

[19] Mendes, R. F.; Mendes, L. M.; Guimarães Junior, J. B.; Mori, F. A.; César, A. A. S. Effect of the incorporation of coffee husks on the physic-mechanical properties of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake particleboards. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, v. 34, n. 3, pp.610-617, May. /Jun. (2010).

DOI: 10.1590/s1413-70542010000300012

[20] Sellers, T. Jr.; Mcsween, Jr.; Nearn, W. T. 1988. . Gluing of eastern hardwoods: a review Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experimental Station, New Orleans, LA, USA.

DOI: 10.2737/so-gtr-71

[21] Sweet, M. S.; Winandy, J. E. The influence of degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose and hemicellulose on the strength loss of fire-retardant-treated wood. Holzforschung, New York, v. 53, pp.311-317, Oct. (1999).

DOI: 10.1515/hf.1999.051

[22] Technical Brazilian Association of Pulp and Paper [ABTCP]. 1974a. M3-69: Test Methods. ABTCP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

[23] Technical Brazilian Association of Pulp and Paper [ABTCP]. 1974b. M11-77: Test Methods. ABTCP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

[24] Technical Brazilian Association of Pulp and Paper [ABTCP]. 1974b. M70-71: Test Methods. ABTCP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

[25] VARANDA, L. D. (2012). Production and performance evaluation of particle board made ​​of Eucalyptus grandis with added oat hulls. Dissertation (Master) – University of São Paulo, São Carlos, 2012 [in portuguese].

[26] Wang, D.; Sun, X. S. Low density particleboard from wheat straw and corn pith. Industrial Crops and Products, Tucson, v. 15, pp.43-50, Jan. (2002).

DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6690(01)00094-2