Experimental Evaluation of Biocompatibility in Case of Acrylic Materials by Bio-Testing on Lab Animals

Abstract:

A bio material is a inert and non-viable material with a natural or synthetic origin that comes in to contact with tissues, blood or biological fluids, being used in prosthetic, therapeutic and storage applications, without affecting in any way living organism or their components.Biological systems may produce the deterioration of materials, process known as bio-degradation. In case of oral environment this also includes the dissolution in saliva, chemical and physical degradation, abrasion and erosion caused by the diet components, mastication process and bacteria actions. Most of the materials used in dental therapy may be toxic or may produce allergies until they bind.We evaluated during our experiment the biological consequences (bio-compatibility) that subcutaneous implanting of small acrylic dental fragments have upon tissues in case of white lab mice, keeping an eye on the local tissues reactions. The evaluation of dental materials is made by testing the bio-compatibility. Biologically tests are performed in vivo and in vitro strictly in the lab and on animals.For our experiment we used 20 white mice Wistar line, 8-9 weeks old males, 40 grams, divided in 3 groups; all of them received an acrylic implant. The experiment was centered on the observation of some physiological or pathological effects, local or systemic, that implants may have produced effects that show a toxic answer or the rejection of the material.All experimens was performed in compliance with (European Communities Council Directive 1986 (86/609/EEC) and Ordinance No. 37 of Romanian Government from 2^nd February 2002.Materials bio-compatibility was highlighted by anatomic-pathological exams during which we noticed all the modifications at dermis level during the entire period. We observed the phenomenon that occurred around the implants at different time periods, than we collected samples.The data obtained at the end of our experiment allow us to sustain that acrylic materials used in dental implants have all the properties required to be considered as bio-compatible.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 695)
• Pages: 231-235
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.695.231
• Online since: May 2016
• Authors: Mihaela Păpușa Vasiliu, Liliana Sachelarie*, Daniela Ivona Tomita, Elena Folescu, Carmen Stadoleanu
• Keywords: Acrylic, Biocompatibility, Implant, Polymerization, Tissue

References

[1] Y. Abe, M. Ueshige, M. Takeushi et al., Cytotoxicity of antimicrobial tissue conditioners containing silver-zeolite, International Journal Prosthodontics. 16 (2003) 141-144.

[2] L.S. Acosta-Torres , F.H. Barcelo´-Santana, C.A.A. Alvarez-Gayosso, J. Reyes-Gasga, Synthesis and characterization of poly(methylmethacrylate) polymerized by microwave energy or conventional water bath, Journal of Applied Polymers Science. 109 (2008).

DOI: 10.1002/app.28569

[3] M.J. Azzarri , M.S. Cortizo , J.L. Alessandrini, Effect of the curing conditions on the properties of an acrylic denture base resin microwave-polymerised, Journal of Dentistry. 31(7) (2003) 463-468.

DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(03)00090-3

[4] D.B. Barbosa, V.A. Barão, D.R. Monteiro et al., Bond strength of denture teeth to acrylic resin: effect of thermocycling and polymerisation methods, Gerodontology. 25(4) ( 2008) 237-244.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2008.00218.x

[5] J.A. Bartoloni, D.F. Murchison, D.T. Wofford, Degree of conversion in denture base materials for varied polymerization techniques. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2000; 27(6): 488-493.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2000.00536.x

[6] G. Bayraktar, B. Guvener, C. Bural et al., Influence of polymerization method, curing process, and length of time of storage in water on the residual methyl methacrylate content in dental acrilic resins, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. 76B(2) (2006).

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30377

[7] AF. Bettencourt, C.B. Neves, De Almeida M. et al., Biodegradation of acrylic based resins, A review. Dental Materials. 26 (5) (2010) 171-180.

[8] S. Channasanon, S. Tanodekaev, The curing efficiency and mechanical properties of light-activated acrylic resin, Macromol. Symp. 206 (2008) 140-143.

DOI: 10.1002/masy.200850422

[9] J.H. Jorge, E.T. Giampaolo, C.E. Vergani, Al. Marchado, Biocompatibility of denture base acrylic resins evaluated in culture of L929 cells. Effect of polymerisation cycle and post-polymerisation treatments, Gerodontology. 24 (2007) 52-57.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2007.00146.x

[10] T. Kallus, Evaluation of the toxicity of denture base polymers after subcutaneous implantation in guinea pigs, Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 52 (1984) 126-134.

DOI: 10.1016/0022-3913(84)90195-1

[11] J.C. Wataha, Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners, Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 86 (2001) 203-209.

DOI: 10.1067/mpr.2001.117056