Computer Simulation of Transformation during TRIP Steel Rod Drawing

Abstract:

Axis pins, shafts and other rod-like parts are some of the main components of units and machines. They are manufactured from steel rods ranging from 7 to 60 mm in diameter after single-pass drawing. Unalloyed carbon steel grades are generally used to produce these items. TRIP steels application is advantageous in terms of achieving new properties when manufacturing steel rods. The initial billet size, the need to take account a transformation in TRIP steel microstructure and a great number of analysed technological conditions make it challenging to apply new materials into rod drawing process. The research aim is to explore the stress-strain state during rod drawing of steel TRIP700. Modified multiscale computer simulation method has been applied. The simulation method takes into account transformation of retained austenite into martensite during plastic deformation. Decreasing of the computational resource intensity and calculation time has been achieved by application of concept of Statistically Similar Representative Volume Element (SSRVE). Comparative analysis of rod drawing micromodels with and without the TRIP-effect simulation has been performed. The analysis showed that a values of equivalent strains in the deformation zone of a TRIP-ignored micromodel was three-four times lower than in a TRIP-factored micromodel. The analysis of simulation results has revealed that, due to a wide contact area with adjacent grains and interaction between microstructure elements, more intensive martensitic transformation occurred within larger grains of retained austenite. The micromodel shown that position and orientation of grains in the deformed TRIP steel microstructure are some of the factors that predetermine transformation of retained austenite. On the basis of simulation results recommendations on preparation of rod drawing conditions have been developed. Developed technological conditions provides ability to obtain: high-plasticity characteristics and high potential strain-hardening capability during exploitation of a future part; maximum strengthening throughout the cross-section of the rod after drawing; high strain-hardening of the surface layer only. The using of SSRVE concept reduced a number of elements within the micromodel in 20 times, while it lowered the calculation time in 16 times.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 716)
• Pages: 620-631
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.716.620
• Online since: October 2016
• Authors: Dmitriy Konstantinov*, Krzysztof Bzowski, Aleksey Korchunov, Maciej Pietrzyk, Roman Kuziak
• Keywords: Multiscale Computer Simulation, Rod Drawing, SSRVE, Statistically Similar Representative Volume Element, Transformation Induced Plasticity Effect, TRIP Steel

References

[1] M. Polyakova, A. Gulin, D. Constantinov, Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon steel wire after continuous method of deformational nanostructuring, Applied Mechanics and Materials. 436 (2013) 114 – 120.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.436.114

[2] A.G. Korchunov, M.A. Polyakova, A.E. Gulin, D.V. Konstantinov, Technological Inherited Connections in Continuous Method of Deformational Nanostructuring, Applied Mechanics and Materials. 555 (2014) 401-405.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.555.401

[3] G.B. Sarma, B. Radhakrishnan, T. Zacharia, Finite Element Simulations of Cold Deformation at the Mesoscale, Comp. Mat. Sci. 12 (1998) 105-123.

DOI: 10.1016/s0927-0256(98)00036-6

[4] S. -B. Son, H. Roh, S. -H. Kang, Relationship between microstructure homogeneity and bonding stability of ultrafine gold wire, J. Mater. Sci. 45 (2010) 236-244.

[5] I. Watanabe, D. Setoyama, N. Nagasako, N. Iwata, K. Nakanishi, Multiscale prediction of mechanical behavior of ferrite–pearlite steel with numerical material testing, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. 89 (2012) 829–845.

DOI: 10.1002/nme.3264

[6] F.D. Fischer, G. Reisner, E. Werner, K. Tanaka, G. Cailletaud, T. Antretter, A new view on transformation induced plasticity (TRIP), Int. J. Plasticity. 16 (2000)723–748.

DOI: 10.1016/s0749-6419(99)00078-9

[7] W. Bleck, I. Schael, Determination of crash-relevant material parameters by dynamic tensile tests, Steel Research 71 (2000) 173–178.

DOI: 10.1002/srin.200005709

[8] I.D. Choi, D.M. Bruce, S.J. Kim, Deformation behavior of low carbon TRIP sheet steels at high strain rates, ISIJ International. 42 (2002) 1483–1489.

DOI: 10.2355/isijinternational.42.1483

[9] Y. Kim, T. Kim, J. Han, R. Chang, Development of new austenitic Fe-Mn-Al-C steels for automotive applications, Key Eng Mater 84 (1993) 461–72.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.84-85.461

[10] O. Grässel, L. Krüger, G. Frommeyer, L. Meyer, High strength Fe-Mn-(Al, Si) TRIP/TWIP steels development – properties –application, Int. J. Plasticity 16 (2000) 1391–409.

DOI: 10.1016/s0749-6419(00)00015-2

[11] G. Frommeyer, U. Brüx, P. Neumann, Supra-ductile and high-strength manganese-TRIP/TWIP steels for high energy absorption purposes, ISIJ Int 43 (2003) 438–46.

DOI: 10.2355/isijinternational.43.438

[12] D. Balzani, J. Schroder, Some basic ideas for the reconstruction of statistically similar microstructures for multiscale simulations, Proc. Appl. Math. Mech., 8 (2008) 10533-10534.

DOI: 10.1002/pamm.200810533

[13] S. Wiewiorowska, Determination of content of retained austenite in steels with TRIP effect deformed at different strain rates, Steel Research International. 81 (2010) 262-265.

[14] S. Wiewiorowska, The influence of strain rate and strain intensity on retained austenite content in structure of steel with TRIP Effect, Solid State Phenomena. 165 (2010) 216-222.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.165.216

[15] S. Brands, J. Schroder, D. Balzani, Statistically similar reconstruction of dual-phase steel microstructures for engineering applications, Proc. CMM-2011 Computer Methods in Mechanics, Warsaw 2011 (CD ROM).

[16] S. Brands, J. Schroder, D. Balzani, On the incorporation of microstructural information in dual phase steel simulations, Proc. 10th ICTP, eds, Hirt, G., Tekkaya, A.E., Aachen. 2011 823-826.

[17] L. Rauch, M. Pernach, K. Bzowski, M. Pietrzyk, On application of shape coefficients to creation of the statistically similar representative element of DP steels, Computer Methods in Materials Science. 11 (2011) 531-541.

[18] J. Schroeder, D. Balzani, S. Brands, Approximation of random microstructures by periodic statistically similar representative volume elements based on lineal-path functions, Archives of Applied Mechanics. 81 (2011) 975-997.

DOI: 10.1007/s00419-010-0462-3