Optimization of Esterification and Transesterification Reactions for Biodiesel Production from Crude Coconut Oil Using RSM Techniques

Natta Pimngern; Vittaya Punsuvon

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.723.610

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HomeKey Engineering MaterialsKey Engineering Materials Vol. 723Optimization of Esterification and...

Optimization of Esterification and Transesterification Reactions for Biodiesel Production from Crude Coconut Oil Using RSM Techniques

Abstract:

Crude coconut oil with high free fatty acid (FFA) content was used as a raw material to produce biodiesel. In this work, the esterification followed by transesterification of crude coconut oil with methanol is studied. The response surface methodology (RSM) with 5-level-3-factor central composite design (CCD) was applied to study the effect of different factors on the FFA content of esterification and the percentage of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion of transesterification. The FAME conversion was detected by proton magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectrometer. As a result, the optimum conditions for esterification were 6:1 of methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 0.75wt% of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) concentration and 90 min of reaction time. The optimum conditions for transesterification were 8.23:1 of methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 0.75wt% of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration and 80 min of reaction time. Quadratic model equations were obtained describing the relationships between dependents and independent variables to minimize the FFA content and maximize the FAME conversion. Fuel properties of the crude coconut oil biodiesel were also examined followed ASTM and EN standards. The results showed that all properties met well with both standards.

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Proceedings of International Conference on Material Science and Engineering 2016

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Key Engineering Materials (Volume 723)

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610-615

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.723.610

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Online since:

December 2016

Authors:

Natta Pimngern, Vittaya Punsuvon*

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Crude Coconut Oil, Esterification, Optimization, Response Surface Methodology, Transesterification

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