Effect of Alkalization on the Bacterial Cellulose Film Structure Produced Using the Pineapple Waste

Abstract:

Bacterial cellulose is natural polymers materials produced by Acetobacter xylinum with attractive physical properties because they are ordinary and uniform in structure. An alternative of cellulose from renewable source with more effective results to produce bacterial cellulose fibers. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is to show the effect of alkalization process on the bacterial cellulose film structure. The methods were the synthesis of bacterial cellulose using the extracts of pineapple waste. The pellicle product was treated using in the concentration of 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% then bacterial fiber films obtained from drying process of treated pellicle. Furthermore, the XRD and FTIR of bacterial cellulose were observed. The results of the structure of bacterial cellulose film was changed after a process in a high concentration of NaOH.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 851)
• Pages: 92-96
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.851.92
• Online since: July 2020
• Authors: Muhamad Muhajir, Heru Suryanto*, Aisyah Larasati
• Keywords: Alkalization, Bacterial Cellulose Film, FTIR, Pineapple Waste, XRD

References

[1] N. Kawee, N. T. Lam, and P. Sukyai, Homogenous isolation of individualized bacterial nanofibrillated cellulose by high pressure homogenization,, Carbohydr. Polym., vol. 179, p.394–401, (2018).

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.101

[2] H. Yan et al., Synthesis of bacterial cellulose and bacterial cellulose nanocrystals for their applications in the stabilization of olive oil pickering emulsion,, Food Hydrocoll., vol. 72, p.127–135, (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.05.044

[3] M. H. Deinema and L. P. T. M. Zevenhuizen, Formation of cellulose fibrils by gram-negative bacteria and their role in bacterial flocculation," Arch. f?,r Mikrobiol., vol. 78, no. 1, p.42–57, (1971).

DOI: 10.1007/bf00409087

[4] S. Yamanaka, M. Ishihara, and J. Sugiyama, Structural modification of bacterial cellulose,, Cellulose, vol. 7, p.213–225, (2000).

[5] H. C. Huang, L. C. Chen, S. Bin Lin, C. P. Hsu, and H. H. Chen, In situ modification of bacterial cellulose network structure by adding interfering substances during fermentation,, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101, no. 15, p.6084–6091, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.031

[6] B. A. McKenna, D. Mikkelsen, J. B. Wehr, M. J. Gidley, and N. W. Menzies, Mechanical and structural properties of native and alkali-treated bacterial cellulose produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus strain ATCC 53524,, Cellulose, vol. 16, no. 6, p.1047–1055, (2009).

DOI: 10.1007/s10570-009-9340-y

[7] S. Gea et al., Bioresource Technology Investigation into the structural, morphological, mechanical and thermal behaviour of bacterial cellulose after a two-step purification process,, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 102, no. 19, p.9105–9110, (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.077

[8] Y. Liu and H. Hu, X-ray diffraction study of bamboo fibers treated with NaOH,, Fibers Polym., vol. 9, no. 6, p.735–739, (2008).

DOI: 10.1007/s12221-008-0115-0

[9] A. Retegi et al., Bacterial cellulose films with controlled microstructure-mechanical property relationships,, Cellulose, vol. 17, no. 3, p.661–669, (2010).

DOI: 10.1007/s10570-009-9389-7

[10] H. Suryanto, E. Marsyahyo, Y. S. Irawan, and R. Soenoko, Morphology, Structure, and Mechanical Properties of Natural Cellulose Fiber from Mendong Grass (Fimbristylis globulosa),, J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 11, no. 4, p.333–351, Jul. (2014).

DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2013.879087

[11] A. Mittal, R. Katahira, M. E. Himmel, and D. K. Johnson, Effects of alkaline or liquid-ammonia treatment on crystalline cellulose: changes in crystalline structure and effects on enzymatic digestibility,, Biotechnol. Biofuels, vol. 4, no. 1, p.41, Oct. (2011).

DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-4-41

[12] H. Suryanto, Y. S. Irawan, E. Marsyahyo, and R. Soenoko, Effect of Alkali Treatment on Crystalline Structure of Cellulose Fiber From Mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa) Straw,, Key Eng. Mater., vol. 594–595, p.720–724, (2014).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.720

[13] J. Gong, J. Li, J. Xu, Z. Xiang, and L. Mo, Research on cellulose nanocrystals produced from cellulose sources with various polymorphs,, RSC Adv., vol. 7, no. 53, p.33486–33493, (2017).

DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06222b

[14] N. Halib, C. Iqbal, M. Amin, and I. Ahmad, Physicochemical Properties and Characterization of Nata de Coco from Local Food Industries as a Source of Cellulose,, Sains Malaysiana, vol. 41, no. 2, p.205–211, (2012).

[15] M. A. Moharram and O. M. Mahmoud, FTIR spectroscopic study of the effect of microwave heating on the transformation of cellulose I into cellulose II during mercerization,, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 107, no. 1, p.30–36, (2008).

DOI: 10.1002/app.26748

[16] C. J. Knill and J. F. Kennedy, Degradation of cellulose under alkaline conditions,, Carbohydr. Polym., vol. 51, no. 3, p.281–300, Feb. (2002).