Carbon Nanofibers Form by Electrospinning with Flowrate Variations as Electrodes for Capacitive Deionization

Abstract:

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been successfully prepared by using electrospinning at various flowrates, and were formed from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and activated carbon (700-1400 m²/g) as electrodes on capacitive deionization. Before being furthermore deposited into electrodes, characterization was carried out on CNFs by using SEM. Cyclic voltammetry analysis was also performed to determine the electrolysis mechanism of the electrodes. The best results in removing salt reaching 70% were achieved by capacitive deionization systems with the smallest diameter size of CNFs, at a voltage of 1.5 V. The CNFs formed by electrospinning have potential to be used as excellent capacitive deionization electrodes for the desalination process.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 860)
• Pages: 351-356
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.860.351
• Online since: August 2020
• Authors: Dicky Anggoro*, Imam Muhlas, Iim Fatimah
• Keywords: Capacitive Deionization, Carbon Nanofiber, Electrospinning

References

[1] D. Anggoro, Endarko, Evaluating capacitive deionization for measurements of the salt-removal of NaCl, KCl and MgCl at various cell voltages, Adv. Mat. Res. 1112 (2015) 271–274.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.271

[2] R. Zhao, O. Satpradit, H.H.M. Rijnaarts, P.M. Biesheuvel, A. van der Wal, Optimization of salt adsorption rate in membrane capacitive deionization, Water Research. 47 (2013) 1941–(1952).

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.025

[3] S.-M. Jung, J.-H. Choi, J.-H. Kim, Application of capacitive deionization (CDI) technology to insulin purification process, Sep. Purif. Technol. 98 (2012) 31–35.

DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.06.005

[4] D. Anggoro, M. Saefuddin, I. Fatimah, S. Indrawati, Sudarsono, Nurrisma, Optimization of high temperature furnace system as one of the spray pyrolisis subsystems based on R type thermocouples and PID control, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1153 (2019) 012037.

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1153/1/012037

[5] G. Wang, C. Pan, L. Wang, Q. Dong, C. Yu, Z. Zhao, J. Qiu, Activated carbon nanofibers webs made by electrospinning for capacitive deionization, Electrochim. Acta. 69 (2012) 65–70.

DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.066

[6] B.-H. Park, Y.-J. Kim, J.-S. Park, J. Choi, Capacitive deionization using a carbon electrode prepared with water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol) binder, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 17 (2011) 717–722.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2011.05.015

[7] Z.-H. Huang, Z. Yang, F. Kang, M. Inagaki, Carbon electrodes for capacitive deionization, J. Mater. Chem. A 5 (2017) 470–496.

DOI: 10.1039/c6ta06733f

[8] A.G. El-Deen, N.A.M. Barakat, K.A. Khalil, H.Y. Kim, Hollow carbon nanofibers as an effective electrode for brackish water desalination using the capacitive deionization process, New J. Chem. 38 (2014) 198–205.

DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00576c

[9] N.A.M. Barakat, A.G. El-Deen, K.A. Khalil, Effective modified carbon nanofibers as electrodes for capacitive deionization process, J. Chem. Eng. Mater. Sci. 02 (2014) 38–42.

DOI: 10.4236/msce.2014.21007

[10] G. Yudoyono, Sudarsono, D. Anggoro, Preparation and characterization of electrospun composite fiber of polymer-TiO2, Mater. Sci. Forum 966 (2019) 60–65.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.966.60

[11] Y. Bian, P. Liang, X. Yang, Y. Jiang, C. Zhang, X. Huang, Using activated carbon fiber separators to enhance the desalination rate of membrane capacitive deionization, Desalination 381 (2016) 95–99.

DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2015.11.016

[12] Endarko, N. Fadilah, D. Anggoro, Carbon electrode for desalination purpose in capacitive deionization, AIP Conf. Proc. 1719 (2016) 030026.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4943721

[13] C. Panatarani, D. Anggoro, I.M. Joni, Rare earth doped on LaPO4 nanocrystal, AIP Conf. Proc. 1454 (2012) 227.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4730727