Evolution of Carbides during Prestrain and Tempering

Article Preview

Abstract:

The effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on the microstructural evolution of low carbon micro-alloyed high strength steel was studied by combining prestrain with tempering (PST) in this paper. It was found that the prestrain causes the dislocation to plug up around the grain boundary and carbide, resulting in carbide boundary fragmentation. Moreover, it breaks the thermo-dynamic equilibrium between the matrix and carbide, induces the dissolution of carbon in the high energy state, and then changes the distribution of carbon in the matrix. In the subsequent tempering process, the precipitation regularity of carbide was changed, which promoted the precipitation carbide at low temperature. The influence of carbide precipitation on dislocation can be divided into two stages: the first stage was precipitation induced creep, which promoted stress relaxation; the second stage was precipitation pinning dislocation, which improved material strength and inhibited stress relaxation.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1016)

Pages:

82-87

Citation:

Online since:

January 2021

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] P. Gong, E.J. Palmiere, W.M. Rainforth, Thermomechanical processing route to achieve ultrafine grains in low carbon micro-alloyed steels. Acta Mater, 2016, 119, 43–54.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.010

Google Scholar

[2] W. Ding, Y. Liu, J. Xie, L. Sun, T. Liu, Influence of stress on kinetics and transformation plasticity of ferrite transformation based on hysteresis effects. Metals 2019, 9(1), 73.

DOI: 10.3390/met9010073

Google Scholar

[3] W. Ding, Y. Liu, J. Xie, L. Sun, T. Liu, F. Yuan, J. Pan, Effect of carbide precipitation on the evolution of residual stress during tempering. Metals 2019, 9(6), 709.

DOI: 10.3390/met9060709

Google Scholar

[4] M. Villa, F. Niessen, M. A. J. Somers, In situ investigation of the evolution of lattice strain and stresses in austenite and martensite during quenching and tempering of Steel. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 2018, 49(1), 28-40.

DOI: 10.1007/s11661-017-4387-0

Google Scholar

[5] M. S. Younger, K. H. Eckelmeyer, Overcoming residual stresses and machining distortion in the production of aluminum alloy satellite boxes. Sandia Report SAND2007-6811. Sandia National Laboratories, (2007).

DOI: 10.2172/922073

Google Scholar

[6] J. Chen, L. Zhen, J. T. Jiang, L. Yang, W. Shao, B. Zhang, Microstructures and mechanical properties of age-formed 7050 aluminum alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2012, 539, 115-123.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2012.01.067

Google Scholar

[7] J. Chen, J. Jiang, L. Zhen, W. Shao, Stress relaxation behavior of an Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy in simulated age-forming process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2014, 214(4), 775-783.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.08.017

Google Scholar

[8] J. Zheng, R. Pan, C. Li, W. Zhang, J. Lin, C. Davies, Experimental investigation of multi-step stress-relaxation-ageing of 7050 aluminium alloy for different pre-strained conditions. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2018, 710, 111-120.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.10.066

Google Scholar

[9] J. Zheng, J. Lin, J. Lee, R. Pan, C. Li, C. Davies, A novel constitutive model for multi-step stress relaxation ageing of a pre-strained 7xxx series alloy. International Journal of Plasticity 2018, 106, 31-47.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.02.008

Google Scholar

[10] A. Deschamps, F. Livet, Y. Bréchet, Influence of predeformation on ageing in an Al–Zn–Mg alloy—I. Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. Acta Materialia 1998, 47(1), 281-292.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6454(98)00293-6

Google Scholar

[11] G. Waterloo, V. Hansen, J. Gjønnes, S.R. Skjervold, Effect of predeformation and preaging at room temperature in Al–Zn–Mg–(Cu,Zr) alloys. Materials Science & Engineering A 2001, 303(1), 226-233.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(00)01883-9

Google Scholar

[12] N. Han, X. Zhang, S. Liu, B. Ke, X. Xin, Effects of pre-stretching and ageing on the strength and fracture toughness of aluminum alloy 7050. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2011, 528(10-11), 3714-3721.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2011.01.068

Google Scholar

[13] W. Ding, Y. Liu, J. Xie J, L. Sun, T. Liu, F. Yuan, J. Pan, Effect of prestrain and tempering on the residual stress of low‐carbon microalloyed steel[J]. Steel Research International, 2019, 1900421.

DOI: 10.1002/srin.201900421

Google Scholar

[14] G. Williamson, W. Hall, X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram. Acta Metall. 1953, 1, 22-31.

DOI: 10.1016/0001-6160(53)90006-6

Google Scholar

[15] J. Aufrecht, A. Leineweber, E. Mittemeijer, J. Foct, The structure of nitrogen-supersaturated ferrite produced by ball milling. Philosophical Magazine 2008, 88(12), 1835-1855.

DOI: 10.1080/14786430802322198

Google Scholar