Setting Time of Calcium Hydroxide from Indonesian Limestone Paste with Various Solvent Vehicle for Intracanal Medicament

Abstract:

Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂ has been recently synthesized from natural Indonesian limestone to be used as an intracanal medicament for root canal infection. Ca(OH)₂ is applied into the infected root canal in a non-setting paste form to release calcium and hydroxyl ions which elevates the pH and provide an antimicrobial effect to pathogenic bacteria. To form an injectable paste, Ca(OH)₂ powder has to be mixed with a proper solvent to produce optimal consistency, ion dissociation, and maintain its property as a non-set material. Solvent is an important factor affecting ion dissociation and preserving its non-setting paste condition. The aim of this study is to synthesize Ca(OH)₂ powder from Indonesian limestone, and evaluate the setting time of Ca(OH)₂ paste from mixture of Ca(OH)₂ powder synthesized from Indonesian limestone (limestone Ca(OH)₂) with various solvent, to evaluate which solvent serve best to prevent the Ca(OH)₂ paste from setting, to form an ideal paste be used as an intracanal medicament. This study consists of 5 groups (n=5); commercially Ca(OH)₂ paste (Calcipex II) as positive control, Ca(OH)₂ powder (Merck) + distilled water as negative control, limestone Ca(OH)₂ powder + natrium carboxy methylcellulose (Na CMC) as group 1, limestone Ca(OH)₂ powder + propylene glycol (PG) as group 2, and limestone Ca(OH)₂ powder + polyethylene glycol (PEG) as group 3. Setting time evaluation was measured according to ISO 9917 by vicat needle in 37°C to mimic the physiological body condition. Results were analyzed by One Way Anova test and Post Hoc Tukey test. The result of this study showed that the setting time of Ca(OH)₂ paste mixed with Na CMC solvent was 1:04 hours, PG 72:15 hours, and PEG did not harden until 7 days of observation. PEG is a hygroscopic high viscosity solvent, resulting in low and steady molecule interaction, thus prolonged its setting time. From this study it can be concluded that PEG inhibit Ca(OH)₂ setting reaction up to 7 days and might be used as solvent for Ca(OH)₂ paste as intracanal medicament.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1044)
• Pages: 165-170
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1044.165
• Online since: August 2021
• Authors: Atia Nurul Sidiqa, Fadhilah Hanif, Myrna Nurlatifah Zakaria*, Ira Artilia, Arief Cahyanto
• Keywords: Intracanal Medicament, Limestone, Setting Time, Solvent

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