A Comparative Study of Hot Pressed Resin Composite Reinforced with Teak Sawdust and Coconut Coir Fiber

Abstract:

Natural fiber-based composites are increasingly used in engineering applications due to their superior performance in producing lightweight, strong, and environmentally friendly materials. This study compares hot-pressed resin composites reinforced with teak sawdust become Teak sawdust Reinforced-Hot Pressed Resin Composite (TSR-HPRC) and coconut fiber became Reinforced Hot Pressed Resin CompositeCoconut coir Reinforced (CCR-HPRC). Teak sawdust is a wood industry waste with high strength and aesthetic value, while coconut fiber comes from coir and is abundant in tropical regions. Both are used as reinforcements for composite resins to improve mechanical properties. Through the hot-pressing method, this study evaluated the tensile strength, hardness, and coefficient of friction of TSR-HPRC and CCR-HPRC. Thorough testing was carried out, including statistical analysis (ANOVA) to determine the optimal reinforcement conditions. The results showed that TSR-HPRC had the highest tensile strength of 22.78 MPa and Shore D hardness of 80.87, superior to CCR-HPRC which only achieved 10.48 MPa and hardness of 76.55. The friction coefficient of TSR-HPRC ranges from 0.25–0.33, while that of CCR-HPRC ranges from 0.17–0.24. This study supports the development of cost-effective and sustainable composite materials, reducing dependence on synthetic fibers.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1189)
• Pages: 33-42
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-J8lewI
• Online since: May 2026
• Authors: Muhamad Fitri*, Edy Herianto Majlan, Alfian Noviyanto, Dedik Romahadi, Muhammad Aziz, Dwi Pudji Susilo, Samir Sani Abdulmalik, Stenlly Damar Surya Jati
• Keywords: Coconut Coir Fiber, Composite, Hot Pressed, Teak Sawdust

References

[1] Fitri M, Sukiyono B, Simanjuntak ML. Pengaruh Waktu Penahanan pada Perlakuan Panas Paska Pengelasan terhadap Ketangguhan Sambungan Las Baja. SINTEK JURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin. 2019; 13(2): 80.

DOI: 10.24853/sintek.13.2.80-86

[2] Fitri M. Pengaruh Beban Lentur Pada Poros Stainless Steel Terhadap Siklus Kegagalan Fatik. Jurnal Teknik Mesin [Internet]. 2020;09(3):149–55. Available from:

DOI: 10.22441/jtm.v9i3.9877

[3] Fitri M, Mahzan S. The effect of fibre content, fibre size and alkali treatment to Charpy impact resistance of Oil Palm fibre reinforced composite material. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2016; 160(1).

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/160/1/012030

[4] Fitri M, Mahzan S. Influence of coupling agent and fibre treatment to mechanical properties of oil palm fibre reinforced polymer matrix composite. Journal of Mechanical Engineering [Internet]. 2018;5(Specialissue 4):223–32. Available from: https://jmeche.uitm.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf-manager/15_SI_5_4_ID_160_379.pdf

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/160/1/012030

[5] Fitri M, Mahzan S, Anggara F. The Mechanical Properties Requirement for Polymer Composite Automotive Parts - A Review. International Journal of Advanced Technology in Mechanical, Mechatronics and Materials. 2020 Jan;1(3):125–33.

DOI: 10.37869/ijatec.v1i3.38

[6] Ekpruke EO, Ossia C V., Big-Alabo A. On the Morphological and Tribological Characterization of Green Automotive Brake Pads Developed from Waste Thais Coronata Seashells. Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. 2023;17(2):233–42.

DOI: 10.59038/jjmie/170207

[7] Dwi Pudji Susilo R, Fitri M, Fawwaz Susilo S, Pranoto H. ULASAN: PROSES MANUFAKTUR DAN PENGARUH WEIGHT ROLLER CVT PADA SEPEDA MOTOR MATIC.

[8] Azizi M, Pranoto H, Fitri M. ULASAN: TEKNIK MANUFAKTUR KOMPOSIT HIJAU DAN APLIKASINYA PADA PERKERETAAPIAN.

[9] Fitri M, Mahzan S, Hidayat I. The Effect of Coconut Coir Fiber Powder Content and Hardener Weight Fractions on Mechanical Properties of an EPR-174 Epoxy Resin Composite. Sinergi. 2021; 25(3): 361–70.

DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2021.3.013

[10] Pramana PA, Fitri M, Hamid A, Romahadi D. Effect of Water Hyacinth Fiber Length and Content on the Torsional Strength of Epoxy Resin Composites. International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials [Internet]. 2024 Oct 5; 6(3):144. Available from: https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/ijimeam/article/view/ 19701

DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v6i3.19701

[11] Mohanavel V, Suresh Kumar S, Vairamuthu J, Ganeshan P, NagarajaGanesh B. Influence of Stacking Sequence and Fiber Content on the Mechanical Properties of Natural and Synthetic Fibers Reinforced Penta-Layered Hybrid Composites. Journal of Natural Fibers [Internet]. 2022 Dec 1; 19(13): 5258-70. Available from:

DOI: 10.1080/15440478.2021.1875368

[12] Sadighi M, Alderliesten R. Impact fatigue, multiple and repeated low-velocity impacts on FRP composites: A review. Compos Struct [Internet]. 2022;297:115962. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026382232200719X

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115962

[13] Nurato, Fitri M. Pengaruh Prosentase Serat Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Umur Fatik Beban Aksial Komposit Matriks Resin. Rotasi. 2019; 21(4): 215.

DOI: 10.14710/rotasi.21.4.215-223

[14] Losi, G.; Arnone, D.; Correra, S. Modelling and statistical analysis of high viscosity oil/air slug flow characteristics in a small diameter horizontal pipe. Chemical Engineering Science, 2016, 148: 190-202.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.04.005