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Effects of SiO2 Nanoparticles in LDPE Insulation for HVAC Application

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Abstract:

It has been studied how SiO₂ nanoparticles affect the mechanical and electrical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The tensile strength, microstructural features, and AC breakdown characteristics of LDPE containing silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles were investigated in this work. The concentrations of filler were adjusted to 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2.0 wt%, 3.0 wt%, and 4.0 wt%. The samples were prepared by using Haake machine and shaped by compression moulding, and a sphere to sphere electrode arrangement was used for AC breakdown testing. The breakdown reliability was assessed using the Weibull distribution. Molecular interaction and nanoparticle dispersion were analysed using Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The findings demonstrated that mechanical strength and breakdown voltage increases with filler concentration, reaching a maximum at 2.0 wt% SiO₂. When compared to pure LDPE, the AC breakdown voltage increased by 27.54% at this concentration. SEM pictures showed a homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles, while Raman spectra verified improved interfacial bonding. AC breakdown voltage above 2.0 wt% shows decrease value due to agglomeration of nanoparticles. According to this study, LDPE insulation performance is best enhanced by 2.0 wt% SiO₂.

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1189)

Pages:

63-71

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-d1S8T2

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Online since:

May 2026

Authors:

Matthew Ding Jie Wee, Nazatul Shiema Moh Nazar*, Pairu Ibrahim, Noor Fadzilah Mohamed Sharif, Norazrina Mat Jali, Suresh Thanakodi

Keywords:

AC Breakdown Voltage, LDPE, SEM, SiO2 Nanoparticles, Tensile Strength, Weibull Analysis

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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