External Reference Samples for Residual Stress Analysis by X-Ray Diffraction

Abstract:

The GFAC (French Association for residual stress analysis) decided in 2007 to work on external reference samples for residual stress analysis by X-ray diffraction as defined in the XPA 09-285 and EN 15305-2009 standards. Seven materials are studied: ferritic steel, martensitic steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, 2 types of Nickel-Chromium alloy and tungsten thin layers deposited on silicon wafers. The purpose of this external round robin campaign is threefold: (i) to give possibilities for each laboratory involved in the campaign test to obtain external reference samples for each material tested, (ii) to validate a common procedure for qualification of external samples and (iii) to commercialise validated external reference samples through the GFAC association. A common approach of X-Ray diffraction parameters, samples geometry and standard procedure has been chosen and adopted by each laboratory involved in these tests. No indication in terms of residual stress calculation method is given; the choice of the method (centroid, middle point, maximum of peak, fitting…) is the choice of the laboratory according to their X-ray diffraction set-ups, softwares and experience. Once all samples are analysed, values given by each laboratory are compared and analysed.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 681)
• Pages: 215-222
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.681.215
• Online since: March 2011
• Authors: Fabien Lefebvre, M. Francois, J. Cacot, C. Hemery, P. Le-Bec, E. Baumhauer, Denis Bouscaud, T. Bergey, D. Blaize, D. Gloaguen, Jean Lu Lebrun, A. Cosson, Regis Kubler, Y. Cheynet, E. Daniel, H. Michaud, J.C. Monvoisin, P. Blanchet, P. Allain, Y Mrini, Jean Michel Sprauel, Philippe Goudeau, P. Barbarin, C. Charles, J.M. Le Roux, Wilfrid Seiler, C. Fischer, L. Desmas, A. Ouakka, M.J. Moya, Y. Bordiec
• Keywords: External Reference Sample, Residual Stress

References

[1] Norme XPA 09-285, Essais non destructifs : Méthodes d'essais pour l'analyse des contraintes résiduelles par diffraction des rayons X, Indice de classement A 09-285, Mai (1999).

[2] M. Francois, F. Convert, S. Branchu, French round-robin test of X-ray stress determination on a shot-peened steel, Experimental mechanics, 2000, vol. 40, no4, 361-368.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02326481

[3] Bulk-zero stress standard—AISI 1018 carbon steel specimens, round-robin phase 1, Experimental Techniques, April 1985, 38–41.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-1567.1985.tb02014.x

[4] Flaman M T and Herring J A 1986 SEM/ASTM round-robin residual stress measurement study—phase 1, Experimental Techniques, May 1986, 23–5.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-1567.1986.tb00935.x

[5] Gibmeier J, Lu J and Scholtes B 2002 Round robin test on the determination of residual stress depth distributions by x-ray diffraction Mater. Sci. Forum 404–407, 659–64.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.404-407.659

[6] Marschal A 1982 Les matériaux de référence, situation, progrès et perspectives Bull. BNM 50 65–72.

[7] Ihnat M 1998 A synopsis of different approaches to the certification of reference materials Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 360 308–11.

DOI: 10.1007/s002160050699

[8] Astin A V 1970 Report on the symposium on an international standard reference materials program Metrologia 6 33–4.

[9] Campanella L 1998 Reference materials and official control institutes Anal. Mag. 26.

[10] Maier E A, Boenke A and Meriguet P 1997 Importance of the certified reference materials programs for the European union Trends Anal. Chem. 16 496–503.

[11] M. Francois, R. Botzon, Echantillons de reference pour l'analyse des contraintes par diffraction des rayons X, Action n°1 : Avril 1997 à octobre 1999, report, University of Nantes.

[12] M. Francois, C. Ferreira, R. Botzon, reference specimens for X-ray stress analysis : the French experience, Metrologia 41 (2004) 33-40.

DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/41/1/005

[13] C. Ferreira, M. Francois, R. Guillen, Round Robin test for X-ray stress analysis standards: optimisation for discrepancy reduction, J. Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, vol 43, (2008) 67-74.

DOI: 10.1243/03093247jsa208

[14] EN_15305 – 2009 Non-destructive testing – Test method for residual stress analysis by X-ray diffraction.

[15] ISO 5725-1993 1993 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results, Parts 1–6 (Geneva: International Standardization Organization).

[16] F. Lefebvre, JM. Le Roux, C. Charles, H. Pilliere, E. Berthier, C. Fontugne, PRECIX, Robotic system for residual stress analysis by X-ray diffraction, Trans. Tech. Publications, ECRS8, (2010).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.681.202