Impedance Analysis on the Percolation Mechanism of the Nickel/Calcium Copper Titanate/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composite

Abstract:

The composites composed of micro-sized calcium copper titanate (CCTO) and nano-sized metallic nickel (Ni) fillers in the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix (Ni/CCTO/PVDF) were prepared, in which the filler content (volume fraction) of Ni and CCTO was set at 60 %. The impedance spectra and a serial equivalent circuit model consisting three RC units were used to investigate the behaviors of the Ni/CCTO/PVDF three-phase composite system near the percolation threshold. The real (Z′) and imaginary (Z″) parts of the impedance dramatically decreased as the Ni content was increased from 22% to 24% indicating a transition from an insulating to a conducting state. This transition process has been realized by the changes in the capacitance derived from the model, and the investigation has been carried out to clarify the release mechanism of the entrapped electrons at the interfaces.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 722)
• Pages: 61-70
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.722.61
• Online since: June 2012
• Authors: Wen Hu Yang, Shu Hui Yu, Rong Sun, Ru Xu Du
• Keywords: Equivalent Circuit, Impedance Spectroscopy, Percolation

References

[1] Y. Kobayashi, T. Tanase, T. Tabata, T. Miwa and M. Konno. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 28(2008) 117-123.

[2] D. H. Lee, J. H. Lee, D.W. Kim, B. K. Kim and H.J. Je. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 118(2010) 62-65.

[3] S. Firmino Mendes, C.M. Costa, V Sencadas, J. Serrado Nunes, P. Costa, J.R. Gregorio, S. Lanceros-Méndez, Appl. Phys. A 96(2009) 899-908.

DOI: 10.1007/s00339-009-5141-2

[4] J. Belattar, M.P.F. Graca, L.C. Costa, M.E. Achour, and C. Brosseau. J. Appl. Phys. 107(2010) 124111.

[5] Y. Zhu , S. Murali , W. Cai , X. Li , J.W. Suk , J.R. Potts and R.S. Ruoff. Adv. Mater. 22(2010) 3906-3924.

DOI: 10.1002/adma.201001068

[6] R. Andrews, O. Curr. Solid State Mater. Sci. 8(2004) 31-37.

[7] Z.M. Dang, L. Wang, Y. Yin, Q. Zhang, and Q.Q. Lei. Adv. Mater. 19(2007) 852-857.

[8] A. Battisti , A.A. Skordos, I.K. Partridge. Compos. Sci. Technol. 70(2010) 633-637.

[9] M. Panda, V. Srinivas, and A. K. Thakur. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(2008) 132905.

[10] B.W. Zhang, B.W. Li, and C.S. Xie . J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 25 (2009) 159-163.

[11] Y.J. Li, M. Xu, and J.Q. Feng. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(2006) 072902.

[12] G.C. Psarrasa, E. Manolakaki, G.M. Tsangaris. Composites: Part A (34)2003 1187-1198.

[13] S. George, M.T. Sebastian. Compos. Sci. Technol., 69(2009) 1298-1302.

[14] C.W. Nan, Y. Shen, and J. Ma. Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 40(2010) 131-151.

[15] W.B. Lu, T. W. Chou, and E. T. Thostenson. Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(2010) 223106.

[16] D. Untereker, S. Lyu, J. Schley, G. Martinez and L. Lohstreter. Applied Materials & Interfaces, 1(2009) 97-101.

DOI: 10.1021/am800038z

[17] Z.M. Dang, S.H. Yao J.K. Yuan, and J.B. Bai. J. Phys. Chem. C 114(2010) 13204-13209.

[18] J. R. Macdonald. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 20(1992) 289-305.

[19] S.P. Mahapatra, V. Sridhar, D.K. Tripathy. Polymer Composites 29(2008) 465-472.

[20] J. Zhang, M. Mine, D. Zhua, M. Matsuo. Carbon, 47(2009) 1311-1320.

[21] K.S. Cole. J Gen Physiol, 12 (1928) 29-36.

[22] L. Nyikos, T. Pajkossy. Electrochim Acta 30(1985) 1533-1540.

[23] K. Dutta, S.K. De. J. Appl. Phys. 102(2007) 084110.