Solution Combustion Synthesis: Role of Oxidant to Fuel Ratio on Powder Properties

Abstract:

Solution combustion synthesis technique is one of the novel techniques used to prepare nanoparticles, multi-component ceramic oxides and nanocomposites with properties better than conventionally prepared one and these materials have been used for various applications such as sensors, catalysts, and materials for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFCs). In the present work, the method has been used to prepare nanoparticles of 10 mol% Gd doped ceria (GDC) and Cu and its oxides. The oxidant to fuel (O/F) ratio is found to affect the powder properties and even compositional homogeneity. In glycine-nitrate combustion synthesis of GDC, as revealed by XRD studies, phase pure nanoparticles with crystallite size in the range 9-12nm were obtained for all the O/F ratios. TEM measurements of calcined powder showed hexagonal shaped particles of roughly 20nm size. The exothermicity was increased with the oxidant to fuel ratio resulting in high surface area and soft agglomerates. A slightly lean O/F ratio gives surface area of 73 m²/g and soft agglomerates (D₅₀ = 5.34 mm), which eventually results into high sintering density at low temperature. Raman Spectra of GDC showed a sharp and intense peak at 467 cm⁻¹ which corresponds to CeO₂ due to F_2g symmetry of the cubic phase. In combustion synthesis of copper nitrate and citirc acid, the compositional homogenity and phase purity was affected by the oxidant to fuel ratio. The combustion at stoichiometric O/F ratio gives Cu nano particles, lean O/F ratio gives nanoparticles of Cu, CuO and Cu₂O and rich ratio gives pure CuO nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have been studied with different characterization techniques like XRD, TG-DTA, SEM, TEM, FT-IR and Raman.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 757)
• Pages: 85-98
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.757.85
• Online since: May 2013
• Authors: L.D. Jadhav, S.P. Patil, A.P. Jamale, A.U. Chavan
• Keywords: Ceria, Combustion Synthesis, Copper, Nanomaterial, Oxidant to Fuel Ratio, Solid Oxide Fuel

References

[1] Jadhav LD, Chourashiya MG, Subhedar KM, Tyagi AK, Patil JY, J. Alloys Compd. 2009; 470 : 383–386.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.02.077

[2] Jadhav LD, Chourashiya MG, Jamale AP, Chavan AU, Patil SP, J. Alloys Compd. 2010; 506: 739.

[3] Saha S, Ghanawat SJ, Purohit RD. J Mater Sci 2006; 41: 1939–43.

[4] Nair SR, Purohit RD, Tyagi AK, Sinha PK, Sharma BP. Mater Res Bull 2008; 43: 1572–82.

[5] Patil KC, Aruna ST, Mimani T. Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci 2002; 6: 507–12.

[6] Sharma P., Lotey G., Singh S., Verma N.J. Nanoparticle Res., 2010, 13, (6), p.2553–2561.

[7] Xu H., Yan H., Chen Z., J. Power Sources, 2006, 163, p.409–414.

[8] Tyagi A., Chavan S., Purohit R., Ind. J. Pure Appl. Phys., 2006, 44, p.113–118.

[9] Inaba H., Tagawa H., Solid State Ionics 1996; 83: 1.

[10] Chourashiya MG, Patil JY, Pawar SH, Jadhav LD, Mater. Chem. Phys. 2008; 109: 39.

[11] Chourashiya MG, Pawar SH, Jadhav LD, Applied Surface Science 2008; 254: 3431–3435.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.11.032

[12] Abdul H., Iskandar Y., Catal. Today 2004; 96: 165.

[13] Fathi M., Bjorgum E., Rokstad OA, Catal. Lett. 2001; 72: 25.

[14] Jasinski P., Suzuki T., Anderson HA, Sens. Actuators B 2003; 95: 73.

[15] Li R., Yabe S., Yamashita M., Momose S., Yoshida S., Yin S., Sato T., Solid State Ionics 2002; 151: 235.

[16] Matta J., Courcot D., Abiaad E., Aboukays A., Chem. Mater. 2002;14: 4118.

[17] DohcevicMitrovic ZD, GrujicBrojcin M., Scepanovic M., Popovic ZV, Boskovic S., Matovic B., Zinkevich M., Aldinger F., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 2006; 18: S2061.

[18] Nakajima A., Yoshihara A., Ishigame M., Phys. Rev. B. 1994; 50: 13297.

[19] Murillo A, Luyer CL, Garapon C., Dujardin C., Bernstein E., Pedrini C., J. Mugnier, Opt. Mater. 2002; 19: 161.

DOI: 10.1016/s0925-3467(01)00214-2

[20] Kida T., Oka T., Nagano M., Ishiwata Y., Zheng X.,J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2007, 90, (1), p.107–110

[21] Zhang X.,Wang G., ZhangW., Hu N., Wu H., Fang B., J. Phys. Chem. C, 2008, 112, (24), p.8856–8862

[22] Wang H., Pan Q., Zhao J., Yin G., Zuo P, J. Power Sources, 2007, 167, p.206–211

[23] Fu L., Gao J., Zhang T., ET AL., J. Power Sources, 2007, 174, p.1197–1200

[24] Hoa N., Quy N., Jung H., Kim D., Kim H., Hong S. Sens. Actuators B, 2010, 146, p.266–272

[25] Zhu H., Wang J., Xu G., Cryst.Growth Des., 2009, 9, (1), p.633–638

[26] Zhang H., Ren X., Cui Z., J. Cryst. Growth, 2007, 304, p.206–210

[27] Jayatissa A., Samarasekara P., Kun G., Phys. Status Solidi A, 2009, 206, (2), p.332–337

[28] Guan L., Pang H., Wang J., Lu Q., Yin J., Gao F, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, p.7022–7024