Sensitivity of Macro- and Micro-Residual Stress States of Steel Surfaces to Thermal Influences Caused by Grinding Burn and Laser Treatments

Abstract:

Thermal influences, introduced intentionally or unintentionally do have significant effects on surfaces of steel components. Materials properties are reduced by annealing effects or even re-hardening zones can occur. Grinding, one of the most important technological processes for preci-sion manufacturing of hardened steel components, is an important source of thermal influences to steel surfaces. In pronounced cases, these influences are referred to as grinding burn. They are known as possible reasons for gray stains as well as development of cracks and pittings on heavy-duty gears and on roller bearings. The basic effect of thermal influences on the material is a change of the macro- and micro-residual stress states. Therefore, the knowledge of these residual stress states is of fundamental importance. The paper treats the mechanisms of grinding which can lead to thermal influences. Some characteristic appearances of grinding burn are shown and characterized by X-ray macro- and micro residual stress determinations. It is shown that defined laser treatments can be used to create reproducible thermal influences similar to grinding burn. Their effects are also characterized by X-ray residual stress measurements. The sensitivities of X-ray and metallographical investigations are compared. Defined laser traces are proposed as calibration samples for magnetic and eddy current measurements which allow to determine threshold values for the actual apparatus and measuring problem.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volumes 768-769)
• Pages: 412-419
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.768-769.412
• Online since: September 2013
• Authors: Bernd Eigenmann, Antje Zösch, Martin Seidel
• Keywords: Grinding Burn, Laser Treatment, Macro Residual Stress, Micro Residual Stress, Thermal Influence, X-Ray Residual Stress Determination

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