Dehydration of Crude Oil Emulsion Using Nanoparticles as Demulsifier: A Review

Abstract:

One of the emerging alternatives to surfactants in crude oil dehydration is the application of nanoparticles. This review aims to assess the recent progress in the application of nanoparticles for the chemical demulsification of water-in-oil and to provide knowledge gaps for future research. This review covers the nanomodification of commercial demulsifiers and the demulsification performance of magnetic and nonmagnetic nanoparticles, along with their possible mechanisms and factors that affect their dehydration efficiency. The addition of nanoparticles improves the dehydration performance of commercial demulsifiers by improving their wettability and interfacial activity. The advantage of magnetic nanoparticles is their rapid response to a magnetic field, which allows them to be recoverable. For nonmagnetic nanoparticles, their advantage is their environmental friendliness, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness. Nanoparticles were able to dehydrate emulsions by modifying the interfacial properties and possibly through adsorption of asphaltenes. Factors such as dosage, temperature, pH, salinity, water content, surfactant concentration; and nanoparticle wettability, and surface chemistry significantly affect the demulsification performance. The application of nanoparticles as demulsifiers is still on a laboratory scale. However, studies on toxicity and proper handling may increase interest for field application. Studies are encouraged on the exact mechanism on the reduction of interfacial tension.

• Periodical: Nano Hybrids and Composites (Volume 49)
• Pages: 79-95
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-V61iSc
• Online since: December 2025
• Authors: Manuel Jr. Cabiguen*, Ismail Mohd Saaid, Jayson D. Santos, Lexyber Manalo
• Keywords: Crude Oil, Dehydration, Demulsification, Emulsion, Magnetic, Nanoparticle

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