Paper Titles

Features of Metallurgical Production in Small Foundries with Induction Furnaces
p.47

Study of Abrasive Grains for Susceptibility to Electrostatic Field Effect
p.57

Comparison the Preparation Methods of Powder Feedstock for Laser Powder Bed Fusion
p.63

Structure, Magnetic Characteristics and Stress-Strain State of Structural Steel Welded Pipelines
p.73

In Situ Studies of Strain Fields in Titanium Welds under Tensile Loads by Digital Image Correlation Method
p.83

On Mechanism of Weld Crystallization in Arc Welding with Controlled Actions
p.93

Chromium-Lanthanide Multi-Ligand Complexes as Precursors of New Materials
p.99

Modeling the Influence of Mechanical Control Impacts on the Distribution of the Temperature Field in the Base Metal during Surfacing with a Strip Electrode
p.107

Investigation of the Effect of Thermal Limiters on the Change in the Structure Formation of Deposited Multilayer Specimens from Steel AISI 308LSi
p.115

HomeSolid State PhenomenaSolid State Phenomena Vol. 328In Situ Studies of Strain Fields in Titanium Welds...

In Situ Studies of Strain Fields in Titanium Welds under Tensile Loads by Digital Image Correlation Method

Article Preview

Abstract:

The paper reports changes in strain fields on welded sample surfaces from commercial pure titanium, joined by both laser beam welding (LBW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) procedures, under uniaxial tensile loads. Their dynamics were investigated by the digital image correlation method using a ‘Vic-3D’ optical system. In addition, stress-strain curves were drawn in both σ_eng-ε_eng and σ_true-ε_true coordinates. It was shown that the laser welded sample was characterized by a higher ultimate tensile strength to yield point ratio than the as-received one. The GTAW sample fractured under much less stresses than the LBW one.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Materials and Processing Technology V

Info:

Periodical:

Solid State Phenomena (Volume 328)

Pages:

83-92

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-9u7g66

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

February 2022

Authors:

Аnatoliy A. Klopotov, Mikhail S. Slobodyan, Vacily A. Klimenov*, Kirill Kurgan, Artem Ustinov

Keywords:

Butt Welds, Digital Image Correlation Method, Strain Fields, Titanium

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2022 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] E.W. Collings, The Physical Metallurgy of Titanium Alloys, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, (1984).

[2] G. Welsch, R. Boyer, E.W. Collings, Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys, ASM International, Metals Park, (1994).

[3] A.A. Ilin, B.A. Kolachev, and I.S. Pol'kin, Titanium Alloys: Composition, Structure, Properties, VILS-MATI, Moscow, 2009. (in Russian).

[4] D. Banerjee, J.C. Williams, Perspectives on titanium science and technology, Acta Mater., 61(3) (2013) 844-879.

[5] F.H. Froes (Ed.), Titanium. Physical Metallurgy, Processing and Applications, ASM International, Materials Park, (2015).

[6] L.-C. Zhang and L.-Y. Chen, A review on biomedical titanium alloys: recent progress and prospect, Adv. Eng. Mater., 21(4) (2019) 1801215.

DOI: 10.1002/adem.201801215

[7] M.X. Shorshorov, G.V. Nazarov, Welding of Titanium and its Alloys, Mashgiz, Moscow, 1959. (in Russian).

[8] F.E. Tretyakov, Fusion Welding of Titanium and its Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Moscow, 1968. (in Russian).

[9] V.N. Moiseev, F.R. Kulikov, Y.G. Kirillov, L.V. Shokholova, Y.V. Vaskin, Welded Joints of Titanium Alloys, Metallurgy, Moscow, 1979. (in Russian).

[10] W.A. Baeslack, D.W. Becker, F.H. Froes, Advances in titanium alloy welding metallurgy, J. Met. 5 (1984), pp.46-58.

DOI: 10.1007/bf03338455

[11] S.T. Eickhoff, T.W. Eagar, Characterization of spatter in low-current GMAW of titanium alloy plate, Weld. J. 10 (1990) 382-s–388-s.

[12] L. Hallum, W.A. Baeslack, Nature of grain refinement in titanium alloy welds by microcooler inoculation, Weld. J. 9 (1990) 326-s–336-s.

[13] T. Mohandas, G.M. Reddy, Effect of frequency of pulsing in gas tungsten arc welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy welds, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 15 (1996) 626-628.

DOI: 10.1007/bf00579271

[14] E.A. Skvortsov, Contraction of arc discharge in argon-arc welding of titanium alloys using halide fluxes, Weld. Int. 12 (1998) 979-982.

DOI: 10.1080/09507119809448546

[15] E. Szczok, An investigation of arc welding of thick titanium plate, Weld. Int. 12(8) (1998) 598-603.

DOI: 10.1080/09507119809452021

[16] E.A. Skvortsov, Effect of fluorides of alkali metals on processes in arc plasma when argon-arc welding titanium alloys, Weld. Int. 13(1) (1999) 77-80.

DOI: 10.1080/09507119909452060

[17] S. Sundaresan, G.D.J. Ram, Use of magnetic arc oscillation for grain refinement of gas tungsten arc welds in α–β titanium alloys, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 4(3) (1999) 151-160.

DOI: 10.1179/136217199101537699

[18] Z. Yang, J.W. Elmer, J. Wong, T. Debroy, Evolution of titanium arc weldment macro and microstructures modeling and real time mapping of phases, Weld. J. 4 (2000) 97-s–112-s.

[19] S. Lathabai, B.L. Jarvis, K.J. Barton, Comparison of keyhole and conventional gas tungsten arc welds in commercially pure titanium, Mater. Sci. Eng. 299(1–2) (2001) 81-93.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(00)01408-8

[20] Y.M. Zhang, P.J. Li, Modified active control of pulsed GMAW of metal transfer and titanium, Weld. J. 2 (2001) 54-s–61-s.

[21] B.C. Lyasotskaya, Heat Treatment of Welded Joints of Titanium Alloys, Ekomet, Moscow, 2003. (in Russian).

[22] S.H. Wang, M.D. Wei, Tensile properties of gas tungsten arc elements in commercially pure titanium, Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–15V–3Al–3Sn–3Cr alloys at different strain rates, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 9(5) (2004) 415-422.

DOI: 10.1179/136217104225021599

[23] K.-S. Bang, G. Chirieleison, S. Liu, Gas tungsten arc welding of titanium using flux cored wire with magnesium fluoride, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 10(5) (2005) 617-623.

DOI: 10.1179/174329305x57509

[24] L. Liu, X. Du, M. Zhu, G. Chen, Research on the microstructure and properties of weld repairs in TA15 titanium alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. 445(6) (2007) 691-696.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.10.001

[25] J. Luck, J. Fulcer, Titanium welding 101: best GTA practices, Weld. J. 86(12) (2007) 26-31.

[26] T. Otani, Titanium welding technology, Nippon Steel Tech. Rep. 95 (2007) 88-92.

[27] R. Sutherlin, The welding of titanium and its alloys, Weld. J. 86 (12) (2007) 40-45.

[28] V. Balasubramanian, V. Jayabalan, M. Balasubramanian, Effect of current pulsing on tensile properties of titanium alloy, Mater. Des. 29 (2008), 1459-1466.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2007.07.007

[29] A.R. Shankar, G. Gopalakrishnan, V. Balusamy, U.K. Mudali, Effect of heat input on microstructural changes and corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium welds in nitric acid medium, JMEPEG 18 (2009) 1116-1123.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-008-9335-0

[30] A.B. Short, Gas tungsten arc welding of α+β titanium alloys: a review, Mater. Sci. Technol. 25(3) (2009) 309-324.

[31] A. Patnaik, N. Poondla, U. Bathini, T.S. Srivatsan, On the use of gas metal arc welding for manufacturing beams of commercially pure titanium and a titanium alloy, Mater. Manuf. Process. 26(2) (2011) 311-318.

DOI: 10.1080/10426914.2010.544806

[32] V.I. Muravev, O.N. Kleshnina, A.A. Kuznetsov, P.V. Bakhmatov, Effect of the conditions of the welding thermal cycle on the structure and properties of weld metal in titanium alloys, Weld. Int. 26(1) (2012) 22-29.

DOI: 10.1080/09507116.2011.592708

[33] Y. Wada, S. Inoue, H. Tsukamoto, T. Yamaguchi, K. Nishio, Numerical simulation of shielding gas behaviour in tungsten inert gas welding of titanium plate, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 17(2) (2012) 116-121.

DOI: 10.1179/1362171811y.0000000088

[34] H.C. Dey, S.K. Albert, A.K. Bhaduri, U.K. Mudali, Activated flux TIG welding of titanium, Weld. World 57 (2013) 903-912.

DOI: 10.1007/s40194-013-0084-9

[35] X.-L. Gao, L.-J. Zhang, J. Liu, J.-X. Zhang, Comparison of tensile damage evolution in Ti6Al4V joints between laser beam welding and gas tungsten arc welding, JMEPEG 23 (2014) 4316-4327.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-014-1229-8

[36] V.P. Prilutsky, S.V. Akhonin, TIG welding of titanium alloys using fluxes, Weld. World 58 (2014) 245-251.

DOI: 10.1007/s40194-013-0096-5

[37] A. Karpagaraj, N. Sivashanmugam, K. Sankaranarayanasamy, Some studies on mechanical properties and microstructural characterization of automated TIG welding of thin commercially pure titanium sheets, Mater. Sci. Eng. 640 (2015) 180-189.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2015.05.056

[38] S.G. Lambrakos, A. Shabaev, L. Huang, Inverse thermal analysis of titanium GTA welds using multiple constraints, JMEPEG 24 (2015) 2401-2411.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-015-1511-4

[39] M. Baruah, S. Bag, Influence of heat input in microwelding of titanium alloy by microplasma arc, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 231 (2016) 100-112.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.12.014

[40] A.L. Anis, M.K. Talari, I.A.M. Arif, N.K. Babu, M.H. Ismail, G.D.J. Ram, Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-15-3 alloy gas tungsten arc welds prepared using CP-titanium filler, Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 70:3 (2017) 685-690.

DOI: 10.1007/s12666-017-1049-2

[41] R.K. Gupta, V.A. Kumar, X.R. Xavier, Mechanical behavior of commercially pure titanium weldments at lower temperatures, JMEPEG 27 (2018) 2192-2204.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-018-3307-9

[42] M.A. Vasechkin, O.Y. Davydov, A.B. Kolomenskii, S.V. Egorov, Effect of welding and heat treatment regimes on the mechanical properties of various titanium alloy welded joints, Chem. Petrol. Eng. 54(7–8) (2018) 525-530.

DOI: 10.1007/s10556-018-0512-1

[43] M.S. Slobodyan, Arc welding of zirconium and its alloys: a review, Progress in Nuclear Energy 133 (2021) 103630.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103630

[44] ISO 9606-5:2000 Approval Testing of Welders – Fusion Welding – Part 5 – Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys.

DOI: 10.3403/01921224

[45] ISO 15614-5:2004 Specification and Qualification of Welding Procedures for Metallic Materials – Welding Procedure Test – Part 5: Arc Welding of Titanium, Zirconium and Their Alloys.

DOI: 10.3403/03017636u

[46] AWS D10.6/D10.6M:2000 Recommended Practices for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Titanium Piping and Tubing.

[47] AWS G2.4/G2.4M:2007 Guide for the Fusion Welding of Titanium and Titanium Alloys.

[48] D. Radaj, Heat Effects of Welding. Temperature Field, Residual Stress, Distortion, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, (1992).

[49] E. Niemi (Ed.), Stress Determination for Fatigue Analysis of Welded Components, Abington Publishing, Cambridge, (1995).

[50] Z. Feng (Ed.), Processes and Mechanisms of Welding Residual Stress and Distortion, Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, (2005).

[51] L. Pan, B.P. Athreya, J.A. Forck, W. Huang, L. Zhang, T. Hong, W. Li, W. Ulrich, J.C. Mach, Welding residual stress impact on fatigue life of a welded structure, Welding in the World 57 (2013) 685-691.

DOI: 10.1007/s40194-013-0067-x

[52] S. Yoshida, Т. Sasaki, M. Usui, I.-K. Park, Analysis of near weld stress field based on strain measurement and physical mesomechanics. Physical Mesomechanics18:6 (2015) 32-44.

DOI: 10.1134/s1029959916010057

[53] F. Yasmeen, M.A. Sutton, S. Rajan, H. Schreier, A. Campbell, Effect of surface normal variability on local surface strain measurements in StereoDIC, Optics and Lasers in Engineering 138 (2021) 106373.

DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106373

[54] A. Lattanzi, A. Piccininni, P. Guglielmi, M. Rossi, G. Palumbo, A fast methodology for the accurate characterization and simulation of laser heat treated blanks, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 192 (2021) 106134.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.106134

[55] G.M. Hassan, Deformation measurement in the presence of discontinuities with digital image correlation: A review(2021) Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 137106394.

DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106394

[56] M.I. Latypov, J.-C. Stinville, J.R. Mayeur, J.M. Hestroffer, T.M. Pollock, I.J. Beyerlein, Insight into microstructure-sensitive elastic strain concentrations from integrated computational modeling and digital image correlation, Scripta Materialia 192 (2021) 78–82.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.10.001

[57] M. Babaeeian, M. Mohammadimehr, Experimental and computational analyses on residual stress of composite plate using DIC and Hole-drilling methods based on Mohr's circle and considering the time effect, Optics and Lasers in Engineering 137 (2021) 106355.

DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106355

[58] C. Hartmann, H.A. Weiss, P. Lechner, W. Volk, S. Neumayer, J.H. Fitschen, G. Steidl, Measurement of strain, strain rate and crack evolution in shear cutting, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 288 (2021) 116872.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116872

[59] T.E.J. Edwards, F. Di Gioacchino, W.J. Clegg, High resolution digital image correlation mapping of strain localization upon room and high temperature, high cycle fatigue of a TiAl intermetallic alloy, International Journal of Fatigue 142 (2021) 105905.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.105905

[60] W. Zhang, Y. Xie, L. Peng, H. Liao, Y. Wan, Fracture toughness determination from load-line displacement of 3-point bend specimen using 3D digital image correlation method for CLF-1 steel, Journal of Nuclear Materials 543 (2021) 152565.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152565

[61] M.A. Sutton, J.J. Orteu, H. Schreier, Image Correlation for Shape, Motion and Deformation Measurements, Columbia, University of South Carolina, (2009).

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78747-3

[62] V.L. Romanova, R.P. Balakhonov, L.V. Panin, E.E. Batukhtina, M.S. Kazachenok, B.C. Shakhidzhanov, Micromechanical model of the evolution of the deformation relief in polycrystalline materials, Physical Mesomechanics 20(3) (2017) 81–90. (in Russian).

DOI: 10.1134/s1029959917030080