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This kind of construction (TLS) has a number of disadvantages, such as natural degradation and short lifecycle of polystyrene insulators.
On the basis of the results of the test of several identical cubes, the mean value of the compressive strength limit shall be determined: Rp = ΣRsp/n, [MPa] (2) Where: Rsp - the tensile strength at compression, [MPa]; n - the number of samples in the series.
The calculation and selection of the composition of the normal hardness of sprayed concrete with plasticizing additives is carried out in accordance with section 7 of «Recommendations on selection of the formulations of heavy and fine-grained concrete» (to GOST 27006-86) [6].
The increase in the strength of the shotcrete is associated with an increase in water adsorption on cement particles and filling grains and the subsequent formation of cement stone.
Compressive strength of concrete with addition of C-3 and without any additives (the numbers on the chart correspond to the numbers of concrete mixtures in Table 5) Brief Conclusions 1.

Corn is one of the world's three major grain crops, corn harvest is an important way to improve the yield of corn, and threshing is an important post-harvest.
Materials and Methods Preparation of test samples.The test of hand-picked seed corn for Ning Yu 524 which has tend to be hard grain type and conical body and Xun Dan 20 which has dent corn and conical body, moisture content are 19.1% and 19.0%.
Select factors.Indicators to express the degree of difficulty of the threshing ear kernel and the optimal threshing moisture content include threshing force,contact force and threshing rate of kernel,and threshing force can be said with the torque of bare hand threshing kernel,and contact forcecan be said with the frictional force of bare hand threshing kernel.The formula is ,means ear interval radius,and threshing rate of kernel is expressed as the ratio of threshing kernel number and total kernel number for threshing.
As table 3 shows,the contact force of threshing needed is large and few threshing off kernels in the first interval of ear.The contact force of threshing needed appear maximum value,threshing off kernels number increase and the total number also increase,so threshing rate is not the maximum value in the second interval to the fourth interval of ear.The contact force of threshing needed is less and more threshing off kernels in the first interval of ear,so the threshing rate of this interval usually is the largest.
Effect of threshing methods on maize grain damage and viability[J].AMA,Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America,2001,（4）:43-46

And, v, k and ™ are velocity, wave number and gradient of the attenuation coefficient, respectively.
The increase of attenuation coefficient is dependent on the scattering components such as grain size and precipitates at grain boundaries.
Decrease of the yield strength can be interpreted as the appearance of specific substances and intergranular brittleness due to the formation of a chemical compound at grain boundaries.
This can be explained by the general relation between yield strength and grain size.
Yield strength is proportional to the inverse root square of the grain diameter, which is determined at the beginning of degradation concerning the Hall-Petch's relation. [9] After the formation of the critical grain size, specific elements are diffused to the grain boundaries.

However, very limited number of researches has so far been conducted on the application of ER or MR materials as acoustic elements for noise control objectives.
In order to predict the acoustic properties of unconsolidated granular sediments, Stoll [4] extended Biot’s theory to take into account losses and grain-grain contacts.
The density of MRF composite material is as follows (3) Where and are densities of the grain material and the fluid, respectively.
It has the advantage that the model for spherical grains losses three free parameter.
This bevavior is taken into account by a complex bulk modulus of the grain material.

The number of repeated loading cycles is measured with a counter.
Tensile strengths SB of Ni4Pd6 and Ni2Pd8 are 2.7 GPa and 2.2 GPa, respectively due to the nanocrystalline structures of about 20 nm in grain diameter.
grain boundaries in the nanocrystalline structure[6].
These striations result from grain boundary sliding in the nanocrystalline structure [7].
(3) Striations formed as a result of grain boundary sliding in the nanocrystalline structure.

To accommodate these ever-increasing changes, the numbers of solder joints per package have increased while the dimensions of solder joints have decreased [3].
The SAC107 alloy microstructure shown in Figure 1(a) composed of large primary β-Sn grains and eutectic regions that consist of Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 phase dispersed within the Sn-rich matrix where Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 phases are sparsely distributed within the eutectic regions.
The addition of Si3N4 particles has reduced the eutectic phase and refining the microstructure of Sn grains, Ag3Sn grains and Cu6Sn5 grains.
Hammad [8] studied that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 wt. % of Ni to the Sn–0.5Ag–0.7Cu lead-free solder could result in microstructural refinement, uniform distribution of Ag3Sn and (Cu, Ni)6Sn5 IMCs and small primary β-Sn grains.
The distribution of Si (white) element has been detected at the grain boundary which indicates the existence of Si3N4 in the bulk alloy microstructure located at the grain boundaries.

Typical microstructure of the steel consists of austenitic grains with an average grain size of ~ 16 μm; numerous annealing twins can be distinguished within grain interiors (Fig. 1a).
The same particles were also found on grain boundaries (Fig. 4b).
Particles of Z-phase heterogeneously precipitated on lattice dislocations and grain boundaries.
As a result, impact toughness tends to decrease with increasing number of these grain boundary precipitations.
However, fracture mode within grains remains ductile at all aging conditions examined.

There is no visible carbide precipitation inside M1-grains with smaller size, whereas carbides do form in the bigger grains of M1.
Because of the symmetry, only the half widths of the grains are presented.
Between 1 and 5 s of partitioning, carbon is homogenized inside the austenite grain.
The first step includes carbon partitioning to the austenite grains.
Acknowledgements This research was carried out under the project number M41.10.11437 in the framework of the Research Program of the Materials innovation institute M2i (www.m2i.nl).

The Ti matrix of all specimens consisted of equiaxed grains with no segregation of TiO2 in the matrix.
Micro-hardness measurements by nano indenter at the grain boundary and inside grains, shown in Fig. 7, reveal a small difference within the scatter between two measurement points.
Fig. 7 Micro-hardness at Ti grain boundary and inside grain measured by nano indenter.
TiO 2 content (mass%) Grain size / μ m 0.2 %YS increment by grain refinement / MPa 0.2 %YS (revised) / MPa 0 11.6 0 437.7 0.6 9.3 19.9 627.4 1.0 8.2 31.5 732.3 1.5 8.7 25.3 876.9 TiO 2 content (mass%) Grain size / μ m 0.2 %YS increase by grain refinement / MPa 0.2 %YS (revised) / MPa 0 11.6 0 437.7 0.6 9.3 19.9 627.4 1.0 8.2 31.5 732.3 1.5 8.7 25.3 876.9 To investigate the effect of the grain orientation of Ti materials on ductility, extruded Ti materials consolidated by various extrusion ratios were prepared.
Number of tensile test specimens for each direction was 3, and the average measurement was shown in Table 2.

The rods had an equiaxed microstructure with grain size of less than 7µm.
Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) mapping was performed in the JEOL JSM 7001F (15kV, 1nA) with a 200nm step size to obtain quantitative grain size and grain misorientation information.
HAADF STEM micrographs emphasised atomic number (Z) contrast which demonstrated aluminium (Al) and vanadium (V) enrichment.
At 900ºC, equiaxed primary alpha grains coexisted with beta grains and quenching from 900ºC transformed the beta phase to acicular martensite.
Westraadt, Submicron grain formation in thermohydrogenated and deformed Ti-6Al-4V: The effect of processing route on the degree of grain refinement, Adv.