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Online since: December 2014
Authors: Qun Gu, Jing Zhu
It developed rapidly in recent years, be applicate in the hospital, airport, data center, etc.
Base on the data of 2012 and 2013 from BP Statistical Review of World Energy, natural gas as primary energy is 24% in average level of total energy consumptions on the world, and coal will lower than 30%.
The goal is improve the efficiency of energy use, and promote structural adjustment and energy-saving emission reduction.
The application will become a significant contribution to energy saving and emission reduction in China port industry.
Base on the data of 2012 and 2013 from BP Statistical Review of World Energy, natural gas as primary energy is 24% in average level of total energy consumptions on the world, and coal will lower than 30%.
The goal is improve the efficiency of energy use, and promote structural adjustment and energy-saving emission reduction.
The application will become a significant contribution to energy saving and emission reduction in China port industry.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Qing Ning Li, Li Jun Li, Wei Shan Jiang
New precast prestressed concrete hollow slab is not only complied with the request "energy saving and emission reduction" of the state's, but also reduces the construction cost for developers, project can meet the requirements of the integrity of structure.
Take test model for example, according to formula 1, calculated results are close to the measured data.
Bending stiffness Parallel to the direction of the pipe axis: (2) Bending stiffness Perpendicular to the direction of the pipe axis: (3) ,- stiffness in X, Y directions of hollow floor, ,- stiffness in X, Y directions of solid floor of the same thickness, ,- stiffness reduction factor along the Y, X direction of the hollow floor, E, ν- elastic modulus poisson ratio of the concrete, h, d - thickness of the hollow slab, diameter of the hole, S1- net distance between holes.
The data and comparison of measured deformation, calculated deformation, finite element solution are shown as Table 1 and Fig.6.
Take test model for example, according to formula 1, calculated results are close to the measured data.
Bending stiffness Parallel to the direction of the pipe axis: (2) Bending stiffness Perpendicular to the direction of the pipe axis: (3) ,- stiffness in X, Y directions of hollow floor, ,- stiffness in X, Y directions of solid floor of the same thickness, ,- stiffness reduction factor along the Y, X direction of the hollow floor, E, ν- elastic modulus poisson ratio of the concrete, h, d - thickness of the hollow slab, diameter of the hole, S1- net distance between holes.
The data and comparison of measured deformation, calculated deformation, finite element solution are shown as Table 1 and Fig.6.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Kiichi Kamimura, Mitsunori Hemmi, Takashi Sakai, Tomohiko Yamakami, Rinpei Hayashibe
Figure 4 shows the interface state density of the SiO2/Nitride/SiC structure together with the data shown in Fig. 3.
Figure 6 shows the Si2p spectrum from the SiC surface with and without the direct nitridation layer detected at the same time as the data shown in Fig. 5.
Results shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and Table I indicated that the oxidation of nitride layer was the dominant process for the reduction of the interface state density.
The oxidation of nitride layer seemed to be the dominant process for the reduction of the interface state density.
Figure 6 shows the Si2p spectrum from the SiC surface with and without the direct nitridation layer detected at the same time as the data shown in Fig. 5.
Results shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and Table I indicated that the oxidation of nitride layer was the dominant process for the reduction of the interface state density.
The oxidation of nitride layer seemed to be the dominant process for the reduction of the interface state density.
Methodology of Measurement and Calculation of Building Energy Management System in University Campus
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yuan Su, Jun Wei Yan
We investigated and analyzed the present situation of energy system by using measured data and inquiry survey.
In order to grasp the data exactly, we introduced building energy management system (BEMS) to some typical buildings with electricity consumption controlling.
In this paper, a model campus introduced BEMS in southern China was investigated; the present situation and details of energy system were analyzed by using measurement data results.
In this regard, the electricity consumption can be analyzed by the actual measurement data.
Methodology of measurement and calculation was decided to analyze the collected data.
In order to grasp the data exactly, we introduced building energy management system (BEMS) to some typical buildings with electricity consumption controlling.
In this paper, a model campus introduced BEMS in southern China was investigated; the present situation and details of energy system were analyzed by using measurement data results.
In this regard, the electricity consumption can be analyzed by the actual measurement data.
Methodology of measurement and calculation was decided to analyze the collected data.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Chun Yu He, Zhi Jie Jiao, Jian Ming Sun, Ying Zhang
Technological control function such as electric position control, hydraulic tension control, automatic gauge control (AGC), and process control functions such as model setup calculation, process tracking, actual data treatment are realized.
Also data communication, process tracking, experiment data management and treatment functions are needed[3].
The main tracking events include: Primary data information (PDI) confirmation, roll data confirmation, roll change finish, mill zeroing confirmation, rolling schedule calling, one pass rolling finish, one strip rolling finish.
PDI data is input through HMI screen and received by process control system with data communication function.
Query data from database and call model calculation function for model calculation, then send rolling schedule to HMI.
Also data communication, process tracking, experiment data management and treatment functions are needed[3].
The main tracking events include: Primary data information (PDI) confirmation, roll data confirmation, roll change finish, mill zeroing confirmation, rolling schedule calling, one pass rolling finish, one strip rolling finish.
PDI data is input through HMI screen and received by process control system with data communication function.
Query data from database and call model calculation function for model calculation, then send rolling schedule to HMI.
Online since: July 2019
Authors: Hind Alsnani, J.P. Goss, Patrick R. Briddon, Mark J. Rayson, Alton B. Horsfall
Abstract Experimental data indicate that carbon vacancies incorporated in active regions of SiC devices
are important electrical defects, responsible for device limiting effects such as carrier lifetime
reduction.
Experimental data indicate carbon vacancies (VC) are incorporated as a consequence of the growth conditions, and act as important electrical defects, having device limiting effects upon the carrier lifetime.
Combining all diffusion process, the data reported here therefore support the notion that VC can move more freely within a basal-plane via h-sites or k-site than in the c-axis direction in the immediate interfacial layers, but is hindered relative to diffusion in bulk.
Experimental data indicate carbon vacancies (VC) are incorporated as a consequence of the growth conditions, and act as important electrical defects, having device limiting effects upon the carrier lifetime.
Combining all diffusion process, the data reported here therefore support the notion that VC can move more freely within a basal-plane via h-sites or k-site than in the c-axis direction in the immediate interfacial layers, but is hindered relative to diffusion in bulk.
Online since: September 2024
Authors: Ines Boussetta, Saloua El Euch Khay, Jamel Neji
The reduction amounted to approximately 60% in compressive strength and 50% in flexural strength.
However, data on this property for RCC incorporating RAP remains scarce.
The extent of strength reduction depends on the replacement levels and the type of RAP utilized.
Additionally, a 100% RAP mixture was included to provide more data for developing later empirical relationships linking RCC characteristics and RAP percentage and to facilitate SEM observations of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between RAP particles and the cement paste.
In summary, this study offers engineers valuable experimental data for the practical application of RCC containing RAP in road construction.
However, data on this property for RCC incorporating RAP remains scarce.
The extent of strength reduction depends on the replacement levels and the type of RAP utilized.
Additionally, a 100% RAP mixture was included to provide more data for developing later empirical relationships linking RCC characteristics and RAP percentage and to facilitate SEM observations of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between RAP particles and the cement paste.
In summary, this study offers engineers valuable experimental data for the practical application of RCC containing RAP in road construction.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Liu Liu, Long Hou, Qian Dong
Data analysis about soil-water characteristic.The soil-water characteristic of the specimen has been tested through the pressure plate extractor.
The experimental data about the matric suction and moisture content is shown in Table 2.
The data are applied to fitting the SWCC by couple with the Van Genuchten model.
The specimen is in saturation by this time, and the suction value is equal to the pressure. 3) Close the drain valve, record the shear test data. 4) Repeat the steps by using the new sample and different pressure and suction conditions.
After a while with a further reduction in moisture content, suction will increase, but at the same time crescent water film shrinkage and collapse will occur, resulting in reduced suction effect area.
The experimental data about the matric suction and moisture content is shown in Table 2.
The data are applied to fitting the SWCC by couple with the Van Genuchten model.
The specimen is in saturation by this time, and the suction value is equal to the pressure. 3) Close the drain valve, record the shear test data. 4) Repeat the steps by using the new sample and different pressure and suction conditions.
After a while with a further reduction in moisture content, suction will increase, but at the same time crescent water film shrinkage and collapse will occur, resulting in reduced suction effect area.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Faramarz Djavanroodi, Fahd Almufadi
Grain size reduction in the metals and alloys can be achieved using Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method.
Grain size reduction in the metals and alloys has been achieved using Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method [1 - 6].
Material Properties: Tensile test data of annealed pure copper is presented in [16] where the data has been fitted with the curve: (1) where and are true stress and true strain respectively.
Using these tensile properties, true stress-plastic strain data was tabulated in ABAQUS for plastic strains of up to 10% where isotropic hardening was assumed.
These curves were created by running single element FE models and are consistent with material data in the literature [16, 22] Fig. 3.
Grain size reduction in the metals and alloys has been achieved using Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) method [1 - 6].
Material Properties: Tensile test data of annealed pure copper is presented in [16] where the data has been fitted with the curve: (1) where and are true stress and true strain respectively.
Using these tensile properties, true stress-plastic strain data was tabulated in ABAQUS for plastic strains of up to 10% where isotropic hardening was assumed.
These curves were created by running single element FE models and are consistent with material data in the literature [16, 22] Fig. 3.
Online since: September 2023
Authors: Mohammed Bousseta, Kassem El Assali, Said Elmassi, Lahocine Amiri, Abdelaziz Tchenka, Lahcen Nkhaili, Abdelkader El Kissani, Abdelfattah Narjis, Abdelkader Outzourhit
In addition, optical transmittance data revealed that the optical bandgap of the films decreases with increasing the annealing temperature.
In addition, the WO3 thin film can be used as a catalyst for chemical reactions such as carbon dioxide reduction using solar energy [6].
This increase may be due to the coalescence of the small grains because of the increase in kinetic energy [25, 26] and to the reduction of the joints of the grains [27].
At high temperatures, oxygen can be released from the crystal structure of tungsten oxide, a process known as reduction.
In addition, vacuum annealing can also lead to an increase in grain size and a reduction in the porosity of the WO3 layer, which can influence electrical conductivity.
In addition, the WO3 thin film can be used as a catalyst for chemical reactions such as carbon dioxide reduction using solar energy [6].
This increase may be due to the coalescence of the small grains because of the increase in kinetic energy [25, 26] and to the reduction of the joints of the grains [27].
At high temperatures, oxygen can be released from the crystal structure of tungsten oxide, a process known as reduction.
In addition, vacuum annealing can also lead to an increase in grain size and a reduction in the porosity of the WO3 layer, which can influence electrical conductivity.