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In the activation period at low temperature, the produced elementary phosphor substance stems the holes of adsorbing material, stop the inside hole structure get in the adsorbing material in advance.
The steam generate from dehydration process reacts with the carbon in raw material and forms the prosperous hole structure inside.
In addition, the hole structure and the surface chemical property would be regulated and controled by changing the dipping concentration, the activation time and the carbonization temperature.All these study provides a theoretical foundation of the desorption of oxynitride in the exhaust gas of power plant in the future.
Pugmire, Jagtoyen M, et al, “Evolution of carbon structure in chemically activated wood,” Carbon.
New York, vol 33, pp. 1247-1254, Dec 1995 [7] M Molina-Sabio, F Rodriguez-Reinoso, F Caturla, et al: Carbon vol 33(8), pp. 1105 [8] Huiping Zhang, Liyi Ye, Lichun Yang: Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products vol 24(4), pp 49-52 [9] T.J.

Actinozoan-like carbon materials prepared via a solvothermal route Yuanzhu Mi1,a, Yue Luo1,b School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, P.R.China amichem@163.com, blyue1958@163.com Keywords: Actinozoan-like carbon materials; Solvothermal synthesis; Electron microscopy; Raman spectroscopy Abstract: Actinozoan-like carbon materials with high yields have been successfully synthesized via a solvothermal route in a stainless steel autoclave.
By using different techniques and precursors, a series of new structures of carbon materials has recently been synthesized, e. g. cubes [4], nano-onions [5,6], graphitic cones [7], micro-trees [8], hollow spheres [9], micro-coils [10], bowl-like and eggshell-like hollow carbon microspheres[11].
In particular, the synthesis of the core-shell structured carbon nano-spheres and the helically coiled carbon nanotubes were conducted by employing Zn and Mg containing precursors in an ethyl ether solution [12,13].
The resulting samples exhibit actinozoan-like structure with uniform morphology.
These actinozoan-like carbon materials can not only add new physical structures to the carbon family via such a simply process, but also these structures may find potential applications in a variety of industrial sectors, such as in composite materials and functional materials construction.

The effect of poly(ethylene succinate) on mechanical property of PLLA/PES composite in the in vitro degradation process Xin Fan1,2,3,a and Qiyuan Chen1,b 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P.R.
The dense structure on the cross sections of all samples could be observed before degradation.
After the degradation of 8 weeks, a litter cracks on the fracture of PLLA materials could be observed, but the structure of the cross sections was still dense, which might be due to the self-catalytic degradation of polymers during the degradation process.
With the degradation time continuing to prolong, the apertures became larger and larger; at the degradation time of 36 weeks, the material interior structure had been destroyed and collapsed totally.
With the degradation time continuing to prolong, the apertures became larger and larger until the material interior structure collapsed totally.

Amorphous structure is the precondition for the softness of magnetic properties and low hysteresis loss, both of which are favorable of the potential application at low magnetic field.
To realize and keep amorphous structure, a certain glass-forming ability (GFA) and thermal stability (TS) are critical.
The samples’ crystalline structures were examined by X-ray diffractometry (XRD).
Results and Discussions Since the amorphous structure is the precondition of the soft magnetic properties for the low-field applications, the structure of all the ribbon samples were first examined.
A substitutional method suggested by Fang is to use the equivalent atomic radius (δ) and the electronegativity difference (Δy) to forecast GFA, according to the basic physical and chemistry properties of alloys [5].

Due to their well-developed porous structure comprised of hydrophobic graphene layers and hydrophilic surface functional groups the use of activated carbon for removal of CR present in a low concentration in aqueous solution is of considerable importance.
The morphology of porous structure of AC studied in the paper is shown in Fig. 2.
It can be seen the uniform micro-porous structure and the pore size distributed.
Our results show that the activated carbon prepared with high surface area by saturated KOH activation has a predominantly micro-activated structure and a large surface area.
The pore structure and surface chemistry of the carbons have the most important effect on adsorption of the big molecule CR.

Modified Polymer material used for oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel Yingwei Luo1, a, Chunhu Li2,b , Jianpeng Zhu3,c ,Lijuan Feng4,d and Liang Wang5,e College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China,Qingdao,China.
Strongly acidic macroporous ion exchange resin exhibits strong acidic and has macroporous structure, this kind of resin may have an advantage in this regard over other adsorbents or catalysts because of the dual abilities.
Performance parameters of different resins Number Structure Fuction group Exchange-capacity (a)[mmol/g](D) (b)[mmol/ml](W) moisture content[%] Main uses D001-cc Styrene-DVB –SO-3 (a)≥4.1 (b)≥1.6 42-55 Organocatalysis，Biologically extracted D072 Styrene-DVB –SO-3 (a)≥4.4 (b)≥1.4 45 -55 Organocatalysis，water treatment D061 Styrene-DVB –SO-3 (a)≥4.2 (b)≥1.4 44-54  food industry，water treatment Table 1 list some performance parameters of different resins.
Fig 1-3 show that different types of resin have different characteristics.For the pure resins,adsorption is the main desulfurization method and the physisorption predominates.So when the temperature was too high or too low,the sulfur removal was unobvious.The reason is that in lower temperature physisorption was weak but in higher temperature desorption took the chief role.In most cases,50℃-60℃ was appropriate.Because of the structures and moisture contents were not exactly the same,three different types of resins had their own optimal conditions.
When the HPW loadings were excessive, redundant catalysts would inhibit the reaction and reduce the activity.Fig 7 indicates that the structure of HPW has not been destroyed under 10% capacity.In these reacition,higher temperature are need, so 60℃ series occurs with higher efficiency than 50℃.

The crystal structures were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The crystals structure calculated the equation (1-3).
Table 2 Crystals structure of Al doped barium ferrite of Ta from 700 to 1000 oC.
The crystalline appearance is hexagonal ferrite structures.
Jefferson, A study of magnetoplumbite-type (M-type) cobalt titanium-substituted barium ferrite, BaCoxTixFe12-2xO19 (x = 1–6), Materials Chemistry and Physics. 105 (2007) 253-259

The strength and unique structure of CNTs make it potential used in many applications such as in engineering, physics and medicine fields [2,3].
One of the application may need some modification of the external structure CNTs by functionalizing it with polyethelene glycol (PEG), a hydrophilic polymer or link it with amino groups [4,5].
In order to achieve this purpose, some characteristic that should be consider such as the diameter, length, surface chemistry, carboneceous and metal impurities [11].
Results and Discussion FESEM image in Fig. 1 shows bundles of CNTs with the present of extensive networked tubular structure with different types of junctions and branching.
Lee, Electronic-structure engineering of carbon nanotubes, NANO: Brief Reports and Reviews. 1 (2006) 115-138

The structure of these films was analyzed by XRD with Cu-Kα radiation at room temperature.
With laser irradiation time, phase change transition of film will inevitably lead to changes on film structure, leading to different arrangement of atoms.
The peak drift correspond to the atomic bonding situation in different structures.
For peak B, in the crystalline structure of the hex, because Sb atom is lighter than Te atom, Te atoms are replaced by Sb atoms more in (Te2) Sb-Sb (Te2), so peak B drift to higher wave number.
Tominaga, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 68, 1074–1078 (2007) [15] A.

The obtained electrode material shows mainly β-Ni(OH)2 structure when only doping Zn2+, while α-Ni(OH)2 structure was obtained by only doping Al3+ or co-doping Al3+ and Zn2+.
The effect of doped metals ions on the structure and electrochemical performances of Ni(OH)2 was studied.
During the charge-discharge cycles, they easily transform to γ-NiOOH and lead to the mechanical deformation of structures.
However, Ni4Al-OH and Ni4AlZn-OH samples only contain α-Ni(OH)2 phase and their structures are comparatively stable in alkaline medium.
Ni(OH)2 doped with Al3+ and co-doped with Al3+ and Zn2+ have the structure of α-Ni(OH)2, and Zn2+ doped Ni(OH)2 shows mainly β- type Ni(OH)2.