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Research on Welding Deformation of Thick Plate Duralumin Alloy under A-TIG Yan Wang Material Engineering Institute , College of Mechanical & Material Engineering,China Three Gorges Univ.
Acknowledgements This work is supported by the Hubei Yichang Science and Technology Key Projeot（A08303-06） References [1] E.Cicala, G.
Andrzejewski: submitted to Journal of Materials Science and Engineering (2005) [2] A.F.
Prangnell: submitted to Journal of Materials Science and Engineering (1999) [3] T.Senthil Kumar, V.Balasubramanian and M.Y.Sanavullah: submitted to Journal of Materials and Design (2007) [4] Lucas W and Howes D S: submitted to Journal of Welding and Metal Fabrication (1996)

Experimental Materials. 1.67dtex×38mm soybean protein-PVA fibers; wool .
The index to denote the combustibility of the textile material is limiting oxygen index that is the lowest volume percent of oxygen to maintain the materials burning in the air.The larger the limiting oxygen index the higher the percent of oxygen to maintain burning[1].This shows that the materials are difficult to burn.Tab.5 shows the limiting oxygen index of soybean protein fiber, wool and silk.
References [1] Xu-W. , Thermal analysis of ultrafine wool powder [J], Journal of applied polymer science, vol .87(2003), p.2372-2376
[2] Zhang-H: Thermal properties of bombyx mori silk fibers[J].Journal of applied polymer science,vol.86(2002),p.1817-1820
[3] De-Clerck-K，Rahier-H and Van-Mele-B，et al., Thermal properties relevant to the processing of PET fibers [J], Journal of Applied Polymer Science，vol.89(2003)，p. 3840-3849

Here, a promising class of materials can be the less considered metal­alloys.
High zT-A Review of Thermo­ electric Materials for High­Temperature Application, Entropy 21 (2019) 1058
Müller, High­Temperature Measurement of Seebeck Coefficient and Electrical Conductivity, Journal of Electronic Materials 42 (2013) 1711­1718
Tritt, Advances in Thermoelectric Materials Research: Looking Back and Moving Forward, Science 357 (2017) 6358
Feldhoff, A Comprehensive Study on Improved Power Materials for High­ Temperature Thermoelectric Generators, Journal of Power Sources 410­411 (2019) 143­151

Seifeddine, “The heat treatment of Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloys,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 210, no. 10, pp. 1249–1259, 2010
Samuel, “Incipient melting of Al5-Mg8-Si6-Cu2 and Al2Cu intermetallics in unmodified and strontium-modified Al–Si–Cu–Mg (319) alloys during solution heat treatment,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 33, pp. 2283–2297, 1998
Valtierra, “Effect of alloying elements on the segregation and dissolution of CuAl2 phase in Al-Si-Cu 319 alloys,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 1203–1218, 2003
Botta, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of spray deposited hypoeutectic Al – Si alloy,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 375, pp. 577–580, 2004
Birol, “Thixoforming of en AW-2014 alloy at high solid fraction,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 211, no. 11, pp. 1749–1756, 2011

Wen: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.22 (2006), p. 5-9
Zheng: Journal of Material Science Technology Vol.23 (2007), p. 247-252
Huang et al.: Journal of Plasticity Engineering Vol.14 (2007), p. 80-84, in Chinese
Kang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.162 (2005), p. 402-409
Li: Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vol.23 (2001), p. 18-23, in Chinese

The signals derived from electron–sample interactions reveal information about the sample including external morphology and chemical composition of materials creating the sample [33].
With SEM in combination with EDAX system (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) which is attached to an X-ray technique to identify elemental composition of materials.
[13] Osman Dayan, Namık Özdemir, Fahrettin Yakuphanoğlu, Zafer Şerbetci, Ali Bilici, Bekir Çetinkaya, Melek Tercan, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 29 (2018):11045–11058
Saleviter, Journal of optoelectronics and advanced materials, 20 (2018) 537 – 542
Thesis, Faculty of Science, Fayoum Branch, Cairo University (2000)

Chen: An algorithm for the kinematic design of gear transmissions with high reduction ratio, Materials Science Forum, Vol. 505-507 (2006), p. 1003-1008 [13] L.C.
Chen: On the Kinematics and Statics of Planetary Simple Gear Reducers, Journal of Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 591-593 (2012), p. 2165-2168 [19] L.C.
Tang: The Kinematics of Eight-speed Planetary Gear hubs for Bicycles, Journal of Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 232 (2012), p. 955-960 [20] L.C.
Tang: The Kinematic Design of Three-Speed Automatic Transmission for Electric Motorcycle, Journal of Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 284-287 (2013), p. 979-982 [21] L.C.
Tang: The Kinematic Design of 2K-2H Planetary Gear Reducers With High Reduction Ratio, Journal of Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol.319 (2013), p. 610-615

Materials and research methodic This research focuses on investigation of the samples obtained by direct laser deposition.
Clare, In-situ synthesis of titanium aluminides by direct metal deposition,Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 239 (2017) 230-239
Gao, Study on microstructure, mechanical properties and machinability of efficiently additive manufactured AISI 316L stainless steel by high-power direct laser deposition, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 240 (2017) 12-22
B, Metal Fabrication by Additive Manufacturing Using Laser and Electron Beam Melting Technologies,Journal of Materials Science & Technology. 28 (2012) 1-14
[14] Turichin G.A, Klimova O.G, Babkin K.D, Pevzner Y.B., Effect of thermal and diffusion processes on formation of the structure of weld metal in laser welding of dissimilar materials, Metal science and heat treatment. 55 (2014) 569-574

Especially, after the finite element method (FEM) coming up, the engineering and science researches, such as civil engineering, aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, material design, magnetorheological materials and tunnel engineering, are put forward a lot[7-14].
Materials Focus. 2013(4), Vol.2:P283-287
CMC-Computers Materials & Continua. 2013(1), Vol.34:P63-81
Advanced Materials Research. 2013, Vol.643:P135-138
Magnetorheological Materials Theory United in Energy.

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