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Kerdcharoen4,a,* 1 Department of Physics, 2 Materials Science and Engineering Program 3Department of Chemistry, 4Department of Physics and Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology a Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand 1sumbydee@yahoo.com,2dang_phy@hotmail.com, 3youi_naja@hotmail.com,4sctkc@mahidol.ac.th Keywords: Ammonia sensor; Polymer/CNT nanocomposite; Percolation theory; Abstract.
(2) Result and Discussion With molecular structure of PSE polymer containing carboxylic group as an active site [1], the sensor based on this polymer can response to ammonia and amine molecules as well.
Moreover, the microporous structure (Fig. 2) with high surface area allows the gas molecules to interact with both inner and outer polymer surface.
Fig. 2 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of micro porous structure of PSE polymer and random SWNT network in the PSE microporous (inset) Results of the sensor responses are shown in Fig.3 demonstrating increasing resistance after the injection of ammonia volatile.
Such CNT networks also create the micro-porous structure within the polymer that allows gas molecules to be adsorbed.

Fluorescent sensor and application in determination of carbaryl residues Jicheng Xu1, 2, Xinshan Rong1 , Ting Tian1 and Fengxian Qiu3,a* 1 School of the Enviroment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang 212003, China 3 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China * fxqiuchem@163.com Keywords: inclusion complex, pesticide residue, carbaryl, fluorescence spectroscopy.
From the Fig. 2 (b), the bridged structure is observed.
As shown in Fig. 2 (c), three-dimensional network structures are also observed and the result indicates that host-guest inclusion complex is formed between BDCD and pesticide carbaryl.
Moreover, less sharp peaks in the XRD of inclusion complex (BDCD-carbaryl) may infer that inclusion complex has a more amorphous structure than BDCD.
Possible structures of the inclusion complexes of BDCD with carbaryl Analytical application Calibration data for carbaryl.

But there are some deficiencies in the research about structure and materials of electrode preparation. [10] For example, the Ti mesh and pipe were used to prepare electrode material but they were less intense and too expensive.
The design of anode catalyst layer structure of MEA for DFAFC [J].
Novel electrode structure for DMFC operated with liquid method [J].
Structure and performance ofMCMB sinters doped with different TiC granularities.
Platinum deposition on carbon nanotubes via chemical modification [J].Chemistry of Materials, 1998, 10:718～722

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) structure has been studied as an antibacterial material and attracted a great deal of attention [3].
Discussion of oxide glass structure relies heavily upon the principle that most cations can be described as either network formers or network modifiers.
Network modifier oxides break apart this structure through the formation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO), which are bonded to only one network former leaving network modifiers to balance the remaining valence charge of the NBO [7].
E., & Zaharescu, M., Structure property relations in multicomponent oxide systems with additions of TiO2 and ZrO2 for glaze applications.
E., Engineering Photocatalytic Cements: Understanding TiO2 Surface Chemistry to Control and Modulate Photocatalytic Performances.

Introduction It is an important goal of modern materials chemistry to control the architectural preparation of nano- and microcrystals with well-defined shapes because of the importance of the shape and texture of materials in determining their widely varying properties [1].
The sub-micrometer structures of PbS, which display unique physical properties originating from the intrinsic nature of the bulk materials, have been promising for optoelectronic devices [11].
Their phase structure, crystallinity, morphology and composition were researched.
(a) (b) In order to characterize phase structure, crystallinity and composition of the as-prepared PbS crystal, the XRD test was carried out and shows in Figure 1.
An arm shows a trident-like, dendritic structure.

Introduction In recent years, with the development of new structure, new materials, new technology, the application of asphalt pavement materials have reached a higher level, and the modified asphalt technology is most impressive, especially the SBS and SBR modified polymer asphalt with its superior performance are widely used in high-grade asphalt pavement in China, but greatly increased the cost of asphalt pavement construction.
After a series of physical chemistry effects, the structure asphalt gradually formed,so it can improve the high temperature performance of asphalt significantly, provide feasible basis of activated coal gangue mineral powder can instead of mineral powder improving the high temperature rheological performance of asphalt binder.
Fig 2 The test resultsofimproved rutting factor G*/(1-1/) The mechanism analysis of activated coal gangue reinforced asphalt mortar Fig 3The microstructure figure of mineral powder (left) and coal gangue (right) Using Hitachi S-4800 SEM to observe the microstructure of coal gangue powder and mineral powder, the result is showed in Fig 6（×20.0K）.As we can see from the Fig 3, the surface of mineral powder is polyhedral and lap structure, and large number of interspace is inside the coal gangue powder.
This study is funding by the open fund(LHSYS-2013-003) of State＆Local Area Jointed Lab of Traffic Civil Engineering Material，ChongqingJiaotong University, Chongqing key Laboratory of MountainousRoad Structure and Materials,Chongqingkey laboratory of universities of Mountain road construction and maintenance technology of Chongqing.

However, the tertiary carbon atom in the PP structure is prone to cause molecular chain’s β rupture and severe degradation during the reactive extrusion process[11-13].
Scheme 1 Chemical structure of cardanol Results and Discussion Effect of Initiator on Grafting Ratio The effect of initiator type on grafting ratio was investigated in order to select the optimum initiator (Table 1).
The chemical structures of the hydroxyl groups and phenyl groups in cardanol which was grafted onto polypropylene were the same as that of lignin in bamboo powder.
Yin, Grafting acrylic acid onto polypropylene by reactive extrusion with pre-irradiated PP as initiator, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 77 (2008) 370-372
Yang, Influences of molecular weight and crystalline structure on fracture behavior of controlled-rheology-polypropylene prepared by reactive extrusion, Polymer Degradation and Stability. 93 (2008) 225-232

The absorption between 11000 cm-1 and 1001 cm-1 belonged to the vibrations of Si-O bond in Si-O-Si structure.
Fig. 3 Effect of the filler amount on Dsw There are a large amount of hydroxyl, alkoxy structures on the surface of the filler made in this research.
The alkoxy could react with the PDMS chain forming Si-C structure.
What’s more, hydrogen bond was formed with the hydroxyl structures, which restricts the comparative movement of the PDMS chains.
Domiguez: Procedia Chemistry Vol. 1 (2009) p. 560

The high-throughput wet-chemistry preparation can hardly be applied for fabrication of the hybrid nanostructures with precise control of optical properties, especially, based on high-index dielectric materials (Si, TiO2, etc.) [15,16].
At the same time, a comparison of the Raman spectra of hybrid nanoparticles with the starting nanomaterial exhibits a significant difference in their crystalline structure.
A detailed studying the crystalline structure of PLAL-synthesized Au-decorated TiO2 nanoparticles will become a subject of our forthcoming work.
Yang, Fabrication of Si/Au core/shell nanoplasmonic structures with ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering for monolayer molecule detection, J.
Duscher, Structure and Formation Mechanism of Black TiO2 Nanoparticles, ACS Nano 9 (2015) 10482

The structure of silane coupling agent is shown in fig. 1.
Structure of silane coupling agent-KH550 or Gamma-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
The two surface treated bamboo fibers had clear difference in structure and morphology.
Actually after silane treatment a thin film like structure was created on the surface.
Xushan, Structures of Bamboo Fiber for Textiles , Text.