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Online since: December 2012
Authors: Yang Zhang, Yong Cun Zhu, Tao Wang, Wen Yong Li
Research on traffic flow redistribution algorithm under
the traffic accident
Yongcun Zhua Wenyong Li Yang Zhangb Tao Wang
1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
azhuyongcun1987@126.com btraffic_anne@163.com
Keywords: Traffic flow redistribution; capacity constrained distribution method; ant algorithm; penalty factor
Abstract.
How to deal with traffic incidents and protect life and property safety of the people, which has become an important research topic of the world [1].
Capacity constrained distribution method is based on the deterministic principle of the shortest path, which unable to reflect the user travel affected by random factors, as well as the lack of consideration of the degree of road congestion.
The introduction of the penalty factor.
Conclusion Travelers always affected by many factors, such as habits, traffic information and random factors.
How to deal with traffic incidents and protect life and property safety of the people, which has become an important research topic of the world [1].
Capacity constrained distribution method is based on the deterministic principle of the shortest path, which unable to reflect the user travel affected by random factors, as well as the lack of consideration of the degree of road congestion.
The introduction of the penalty factor.
Conclusion Travelers always affected by many factors, such as habits, traffic information and random factors.
Online since: December 2018
Authors: D. Gomes dos Santos, E. Santana de Lima, P. de Sousa Costa, J.J. Silva Nascimento, G. Moreira, A.G. Barbosa de Lima
The moisture present in the composites affects strongly their mechanical properties, which leads to necessity of studies in this area.
Composites with different fiber contents (20%, 25.5%, 37%, 44.6% and 50%)were molded by compression, and chosen the fiber content that showed better mechanical properties (44.6%).
The mechanical properties tests of the composites were conducted in accordance with ASTM D-3039 and ASTM D-256 standards for tensile test and impact test, respectively.
From these studies we can notice that moisture content and temperature up to about glass-transition temperature have provoked small effects on fiber-dominated composite properties, but significantly reduce matrix-dominated composite properties.
Ziegmann, Water absorption behavior and its influence on properties of GRP pipe, J.
Composites with different fiber contents (20%, 25.5%, 37%, 44.6% and 50%)were molded by compression, and chosen the fiber content that showed better mechanical properties (44.6%).
The mechanical properties tests of the composites were conducted in accordance with ASTM D-3039 and ASTM D-256 standards for tensile test and impact test, respectively.
From these studies we can notice that moisture content and temperature up to about glass-transition temperature have provoked small effects on fiber-dominated composite properties, but significantly reduce matrix-dominated composite properties.
Ziegmann, Water absorption behavior and its influence on properties of GRP pipe, J.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: De Peng Chen, Chun Lin Liu, Kai Sheng, Zhi Zi Yang
In view of this, researchers at home and abroad turn to waste tire modified cement concrete doing various studies containing mechanical properties of rubber concrete, fire resistance and contractile properties.
The mechanical properties of concrete can be further improved by adding silica fume.
(4) The inhibition mechanism of scrap tire rubber to steel slag deformation shows complexity because of steel slag expansion affecting long-term characteristics and the complexity of factors.
Wang, Experiment on Mechanical Properties of Crumb Rubber Concrete, J.
Ferraris, Workability, mechanical properties, and chemical stability of a recycled tyre rubber-filled cementitious composite, J.
The mechanical properties of concrete can be further improved by adding silica fume.
(4) The inhibition mechanism of scrap tire rubber to steel slag deformation shows complexity because of steel slag expansion affecting long-term characteristics and the complexity of factors.
Wang, Experiment on Mechanical Properties of Crumb Rubber Concrete, J.
Ferraris, Workability, mechanical properties, and chemical stability of a recycled tyre rubber-filled cementitious composite, J.
Online since: August 2022
Authors: Rochmadi Rochmadi, Danang Tri Hartanto, Teguh Ariyanto, Rizky Romadhona
To improve the chemical and mechanical properties of epoxy resins, the existing structure of the resins has to be modified.
We report herein the synthesis and characterization of epoxy resin from DGEBA and terephthalic acid as well as investigation of its mechanical properties to support the development of material technology, especially in the field of defense technology.
k=Aexp-EaRT (6) From the calculation, the value of activation energy value (Ea1) and the collision factor (A1) for the first step reaction were 38,965.22 Joule/mol and 2,082.66 (g/mgeq/minute) while the activation energy value (Ea2) and the collision factor (A2) for the second step (Fig. 3) were 2,230.23 Joule/mol and 3.22 x 10-4 (g/mgeq/minute).
Table 2 shows how the mole ratio of reactants between DGEBA and TPA affects the reaction rate constant (k).
Qiao, Studies on curing kinetics and tensile properties of silica-filled phenolic amine/epoxy resin nanocomposite, Polymers. 11, 4 (2019) 8
We report herein the synthesis and characterization of epoxy resin from DGEBA and terephthalic acid as well as investigation of its mechanical properties to support the development of material technology, especially in the field of defense technology.
k=Aexp-EaRT (6) From the calculation, the value of activation energy value (Ea1) and the collision factor (A1) for the first step reaction were 38,965.22 Joule/mol and 2,082.66 (g/mgeq/minute) while the activation energy value (Ea2) and the collision factor (A2) for the second step (Fig. 3) were 2,230.23 Joule/mol and 3.22 x 10-4 (g/mgeq/minute).
Table 2 shows how the mole ratio of reactants between DGEBA and TPA affects the reaction rate constant (k).
Qiao, Studies on curing kinetics and tensile properties of silica-filled phenolic amine/epoxy resin nanocomposite, Polymers. 11, 4 (2019) 8
Online since: August 2017
Authors: Ratcha Raksakmanut, Ampaporn Nithipratheep, Ornjira Weeriyanan, Panida Pittayaporn, Waivich Komonpale, Trong Techakunakorn, Nuttaporn Luanprueg, Jakgree Promserane
Discoloration of resin composites may be caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
Intrinsic factors such as incomplete polymerization, initiators, fillers, and pigments can affect the color stability of resin composite [5-6].
Extrinsic factors such as absorption of stains from foods and drinks may also cause discoloration [7-8].
However, the effects of bleaching agent on physical properties of materials are issues that the dentists should concern since the contact with bleaching agents can cause superficial degradation of resin composites, affecting roughness, hardness, and gloss [25].
Review of research on the mechanical properties of the human tooth.
Intrinsic factors such as incomplete polymerization, initiators, fillers, and pigments can affect the color stability of resin composite [5-6].
Extrinsic factors such as absorption of stains from foods and drinks may also cause discoloration [7-8].
However, the effects of bleaching agent on physical properties of materials are issues that the dentists should concern since the contact with bleaching agents can cause superficial degradation of resin composites, affecting roughness, hardness, and gloss [25].
Review of research on the mechanical properties of the human tooth.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yun Feng Luo, Qi Jun Yu, Jiang Xiong Wei, Jie Hu, Fang Xian Li
Introduction
Foamed concrete is made by fully turning foaming agent into foam in mechanical way or compressed air with foaming system.
Foamed concrete has the following properties: 1, light; 2, good thermal insulation properties; 3, good soundproof and fireproof performance; 4, good waterproof performance; 5, low elastic and good damping properties; 6, convenient in production and processing; 7,good environmental performance; 8, consuming a lot of industrial waste and low price etc.
Because its properties are in line with the national energy conservation and carbon emission reduction trends, it gets a wide range of applications and rapid development [1].
The characteristic parameter of pore structure of foamed concrete includes porosity,pores diameter,pore uniformity,wall thicknessof pore etc.The porosity of foamed concrete is big commonly,especially low density(≤500kg/m3) foamed concrete,its porosity reaches 65% or more than; It is well known that increasing porosity is sure to reduce stress area of material internal cross section,so then reduce its mechanical property.To achieve established strength, porosity must be controled in determinate range.Some scholars [2] think that if porosity is fixed,decreasing pores diameter is favor to raise strength of foamed concrete; But some scholars take the opposite view[3].So how is the truth of the matter?
It can be seen from the formula in Table 3 that : 1) the greater the porosity, the more the number of pores, the greater the inner surface area of the pores, the thinner the pore wall, and vice versa; 2) The smaller the pores diameter, the more the number of pores, the greater the inner surface area of the pores, the thinner the pore wall, and vice versa; Thus, the porosity and the size of pore are the main factors affecting the pore structure.
Foamed concrete has the following properties: 1, light; 2, good thermal insulation properties; 3, good soundproof and fireproof performance; 4, good waterproof performance; 5, low elastic and good damping properties; 6, convenient in production and processing; 7,good environmental performance; 8, consuming a lot of industrial waste and low price etc.
Because its properties are in line with the national energy conservation and carbon emission reduction trends, it gets a wide range of applications and rapid development [1].
The characteristic parameter of pore structure of foamed concrete includes porosity,pores diameter,pore uniformity,wall thicknessof pore etc.The porosity of foamed concrete is big commonly,especially low density(≤500kg/m3) foamed concrete,its porosity reaches 65% or more than; It is well known that increasing porosity is sure to reduce stress area of material internal cross section,so then reduce its mechanical property.To achieve established strength, porosity must be controled in determinate range.Some scholars [2] think that if porosity is fixed,decreasing pores diameter is favor to raise strength of foamed concrete; But some scholars take the opposite view[3].So how is the truth of the matter?
It can be seen from the formula in Table 3 that : 1) the greater the porosity, the more the number of pores, the greater the inner surface area of the pores, the thinner the pore wall, and vice versa; 2) The smaller the pores diameter, the more the number of pores, the greater the inner surface area of the pores, the thinner the pore wall, and vice versa; Thus, the porosity and the size of pore are the main factors affecting the pore structure.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Guo Chun Liu, Wen Feng Qin, Feng Liu
Introduction
Composite materials are widely used in aviation and aerospace because of their excellent properties
such as high strength weight ratio, high stiffness to weight ratio, low density, corrosion and fatigue
resistance, and designable features.
Mechanical linkage has good debonding resistance with no curing residual stress, and it is hardly affected by environmental factors.
But mechanical linkage can increase the weight of structures and may affect the streamlined external shape of airplane.
Mechanical linkage is usually used on thick structure assembly.
This method has some excellent properties such as good debonding resistance, low equipment requirements and good structure strength recovery.
Mechanical linkage has good debonding resistance with no curing residual stress, and it is hardly affected by environmental factors.
But mechanical linkage can increase the weight of structures and may affect the streamlined external shape of airplane.
Mechanical linkage is usually used on thick structure assembly.
This method has some excellent properties such as good debonding resistance, low equipment requirements and good structure strength recovery.
Online since: May 2004
Authors: A. Piancastelli, Leonardo Esposito, D.D. Fabbriche, Cesare Melandri
In particular, the microstructure and mechanical properties of two ceramized Softwoods
(redwood -Pinus sylvestris- and whitewood -Picea abies-) and two Hardwoods (Poplar -Populus-
and Obece -Triplochiton scleroxylon-), are described.
The scattering factors used were 6.46 [8] and 4.7 [9], for β-SiC and Si, respectively.
Properties of pyrolysed wood after infiltration with silicon.
Attention must be focused on the selection of the wood in function of the requirements for specific applications, since different woods exhibits very different mechanical and microstructural properties.
Ashby, Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties (Cambridge University Press, UK, 1997)
The scattering factors used were 6.46 [8] and 4.7 [9], for β-SiC and Si, respectively.
Properties of pyrolysed wood after infiltration with silicon.
Attention must be focused on the selection of the wood in function of the requirements for specific applications, since different woods exhibits very different mechanical and microstructural properties.
Ashby, Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties (Cambridge University Press, UK, 1997)
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Jader Furtado, Masanobu Kubota, Ryosuke Komoda, Naoto Yoshigai
Fretting fatigue is one of the major factors in the design of hydrogen equipment.
Introduction The effects of hydrogen on the fatigue properties are being extensively studied in order to establish a hydrogen based economy.
The mechanical properties of the materials are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Mechanical properties and Vickers hardness Material Condition 0.2% proof stress Ultimate tensile strength Elongation Reduction of area Vickers hardness SUS316 Solution heat treatment 236MPa 631MPa 79.4% 85.6% HV152 SUS304 Solution heat treatment 237MPa 771MPa 72.3% 81.2% HV174 Apparatus and testing conditions.
The internal hydrogen affected not only the fatigue limit but, also the fatigue life, whereas the effect of the internal hydrogen on the fatigue life of the SUS316 is not significant.
Introduction The effects of hydrogen on the fatigue properties are being extensively studied in order to establish a hydrogen based economy.
The mechanical properties of the materials are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Mechanical properties and Vickers hardness Material Condition 0.2% proof stress Ultimate tensile strength Elongation Reduction of area Vickers hardness SUS316 Solution heat treatment 236MPa 631MPa 79.4% 85.6% HV152 SUS304 Solution heat treatment 237MPa 771MPa 72.3% 81.2% HV174 Apparatus and testing conditions.
The internal hydrogen affected not only the fatigue limit but, also the fatigue life, whereas the effect of the internal hydrogen on the fatigue life of the SUS316 is not significant.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yan Hua She
Building up the 3D numerical analysis and computing model, force properties of buried pipelines under vibration loads induced by bridge pile foundation construction were researched, to evaluate and control the influence of construction vibration on adjacent buried pipeline.
Introduction With the large number of highway, railway and other infrastructure construction, impact loads caused by bridge pile foundation construction gave rise to inevitable disturbance to the surrounding adjacent buried pipeline, affecting the normal use and safety operation of buried pipeline adversely.
In recent years, it has been paid more attention to the third party interference of buried pipeline, such as response under the action of dynamic blasting vibration [1,2], rockfall impact loading [3,4], and traffic loads[5].At present, like the mechanical impact problems of the dynamic compaction and punching pile construction, it focused more on the study of the dynamic characteristics of soil, and paid less attention to the research on vibration response of underground structures, such as buried pipelines.
It mainly considered variation factors of pipeline buried depth, source location, pipeline and vibration level spacing effecting on stress, displacement and the vibration velocity of the buried pipeline.
Tab.3 Pipeline response values along level distance It can be seen from Tab.4, the factor of level distance affecting pipeline was significantly higher than others, especially when impacting close to the buried pipeline.
Introduction With the large number of highway, railway and other infrastructure construction, impact loads caused by bridge pile foundation construction gave rise to inevitable disturbance to the surrounding adjacent buried pipeline, affecting the normal use and safety operation of buried pipeline adversely.
In recent years, it has been paid more attention to the third party interference of buried pipeline, such as response under the action of dynamic blasting vibration [1,2], rockfall impact loading [3,4], and traffic loads[5].At present, like the mechanical impact problems of the dynamic compaction and punching pile construction, it focused more on the study of the dynamic characteristics of soil, and paid less attention to the research on vibration response of underground structures, such as buried pipelines.
It mainly considered variation factors of pipeline buried depth, source location, pipeline and vibration level spacing effecting on stress, displacement and the vibration velocity of the buried pipeline.
Tab.3 Pipeline response values along level distance It can be seen from Tab.4, the factor of level distance affecting pipeline was significantly higher than others, especially when impacting close to the buried pipeline.