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However, the reduction of azo bond cracking in a considerable number of azo dyes may occur and form carcinogenic aromatic amines in their production and use, and some azo dye carcinogenic itself or on the human body with allergic.
As water treatment technology, photocatalytic oxidation-reduction method has appeared in the last 20 years.
For its energy conservation, moderate reaction conditions, the secondary pollution reduction and other advantages, the new sewage treatment technology has a good prospect.
Table 2 Electronegativity difference of 3 oxides Oxide Fe2O3 Y2O3 La2O3 Electronegativiy △χ 1.61 2.22 2.34 The data in Table 2 show that electronegativity difference of La2O3 is bigger than Y2O3, so that the ionicity of LaFeO3 is stronger.
CO oxidation and NO reduction on perovskite oxides, J.

The tensile modulus and tensile strength data are presented in Table 2.
Conversely, the lowest tensile modulus is associated with sample C, demonstrating a reduction of approximately 17.6% compared to the highest value.
The compromised flexural strength of the composite may be attributed to a weakened interfacial bonding, ultimately resulting in a reduction in the overall mechanical properties of the composite [16].
Nevertheless, this reduction is not significant overall [16].
In cases where bonding between WH fiber and epoxy resin is insufficient, it leads to a reduction in the composite's impact energy.

Size reduction down to the nanoscale led to resonance frequencies of 186 THz (Fig. 1 (c)) and 216 THz.
Obviously, such dielectric materials introduced a basically unwanted shift and reduction of the resonance peaks of the metallic structures besides other constraints concerning thermal, chemical and radiation effects [10].
While both lithography and subsequent electroplating are parallel-processing techniques as far as all the structures combined on one wafer are concerned and are thus already cost-saving compared to primary pattern generation such as laser or electron beam writing, an even larger cost reduction is (a) Mask layout for meta-foil (b) Completed meta-foils on wafer before release Pattern on mask 1 Pattern on mask 2 Pattern on mask 3 (c) (d) Fig. 5: (a) Mask layout including eight meta-foils with window-frame and four meta-foils without.
They may serve as narrow-band filters, selective high-reflectance mirrors, and focusing elements in THz optical systems for various purposes including security inspection to detect plastic materials such as explosives in the 1-10 THz range, or high bit-rate data transfer links and telecommunication.
As meta-foils are Fig. 14: Transmission spectrum of a 2SP meta-foil sensitive to their dielectric environment, they may also serve as sensors for dielectrics [18] in which both peak shift and amplitude reduction might be used for detection and sensing.

The reduction of TOC might be due to the P. putida has used carbon as an energy source using their metabolic process throughout the microbiological process in order to degrade, break down or transform hazardous contaminants [12] in samples to less toxic or nontoxic forms.
This indicated by the reduction of nitrogen in the sample of B20.
Throughout the experiment, the sulfate was used by P.putida to perform its microbiological process and result in reduction of sulfate in the sample of B20.
In this study, the phosphate was possibly used by P. putida to perform its microbiological process and result in reduction of phosphate in the sample Fig. 6 Result of phosphate in 24 days Table 1 Summary of the physico-chemical results Parameter Sample Standard Reference Soil + B20 + P. putida (Day 0) Soil + B20 + P. putida (Day 24) pH 7.45 7.25 6-7.5 [14] Total organic carbon (%) 0.0332 0.030 0-0.05% [15] Total nitrogen (ppm) 34.17 6.05 5-15 ppm Sulfate (ppm) 21.52 18.00 5-20 ppm Phosphate (ppm) 1.29 0.275 0.5-0.9 ppm Moisture content (%) 44.11% 50.35% 40-60% [16] Conclusion Based on the obtained data it can be concluded that P. putida is an effective microorganism and suitable as oil-soil biodegradable agent.

Introduction With the CMOS process downscaling and the operation frequency increasing, power reduction has become an important design issue for circuits and applications that traditionally are driven almost solely by performance constraints.
Fortunately, the body-biasing schematic benefits CMOS digital circuits for both leakage power reduction and switching speed improvement [15-17].
Sakurai, “A reduced clock-swing flip-flop (RCSFF) for 63% power reduction,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 807-811, May 1998
Sakurai, “A reduced clock-swing flip-flop(RCSFF) for 63% power reduction,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 33, no.5, pp.807-811, May 1998
Augustine, et al., “Data-dependant sense-amplifier flip-flop for low power applications,” in Proc.

It explores various synthesis techniques, including chemical reduction, electrochemical deposition, and green synthesis methods, and evaluates the catalytic activity of copper nanoparticles in hydrogenation, oxidation, and carbon-carbon bond formation reactions [15].
In present work this method Cu sulphate salts was used for the preparation of Nanoparticles by green synthesis routes in which biological materials such as plant extracts for reduction and stabilization of metal ions.
Acknowledgements The data analysis of the present materials was done at Research lab, Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Starex University, Gurugram.
“Reduction of 3-nitro-4-methoxy-acetylaniline to 3-amino-4-methoxy-acetylaniline catalyzed by metallic Cu nanoparticles at low reaction temperature”.
“Rapid synthesis of copper nanoparticles by sodium hypophosphite reduction in ethylene glycol under microwave Cryst.

According to National Bureau of Statistics data analysis, the end of 2010, the coal mine construction scale of 1.79 billion tons, which was built to the scale of 1.186 billion tons.
Large coal enterprises into the basic management of the energy saving, especially the introduction of the management network of the three energy-saving emission reduction and energy savings assessment indicators, through the development and improve the standard system of the coal industry and environmental protection, energy-saving industrial system, to make up for coal lack of management of enterprise energy saving industry, strengthening the basis for the management of energy saving; increase investment in science and technology, and actively carry out the coal enterprises in energy saving technology strategy research, through increased technological innovation, eliminating backward equipment and technology, making reasonable adjustments the industrial structure, promote the work of energy saving, large state-owned key coal enterprises has made significant achievements in energy (table 2) in 2008 compared with 2005, output value of the energy consumption of the large coal enterprises
Huainan Mining Group l In the circular economy has made remarkable achievements in the implementation of the built environment-friendly coal enterprises to achieve the organic unity of the coal, energy saving, saving, emission reduction, and increased efficiency.
As of the end of 2010, China has over 2847 projects approved by the competent national authorities, these projects are expected emission reductions to reach 490 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.
As of April 2010, China has issued the Clean Development Mechanism of the CBM areas of a total of 10 projects, estimated annual emission reductions of 650 × 104t of carbon dioxide equivalent.

On the basis of this relationship, it can be obviously achieved that increasing the grinding wheel speed while keeping all other parameters constant will result in a reduction in the single-grit maximum undeformed chip thickness and consequently reduce the grinding force acting upon each cutting edge.
Simultaniously, reduction in the maximum chip undeformed thickness improves the achieved workpiece surface roughness and reduced grinding force suppresses the trend of grinding wheel wear, which means the improved component quality and the extended grinding wheel durability (Fig.1.a) [1].
(2) which could be also shown in Fig.1.b As the grinding wheel speed increases, the quantity of thermal energy introduced into the workpiece also increases since an increase in cutting speed is not normally accompanied by a proportional reduction in the tangential grinding force, and thus in an increase in process power[4]; meanwhile, the grinding efficiency featured by the MRR almost keeps no increase.
What else, high pressure cooling, on-line dynamic balancing and noise reduction measures must be taken into consideration.
For the future works, the spindle idle power can be obtained by both theoretical calculation and experimental data for the better choice of the motorized spindle; CBN grinding wheel should go through some safety rotating test; Particularly, experiments should be carried out after much simulation work on computer since there exits many unknown phenomenona and results.

Employed in this process methodology utilizes the following means of deformation: area reduction, torsion, bending, and burnishing due to limited metal flow (dies are very close to each other).
Tests were conducted in the following general sequence: i) preliminary studies - to assess the initial material and to design the deformation schedules of the combined SPD processing, ii) microstructural analysis (TEM, optical, SEM, EBSD) and study of the mechanical properties, iii) data extraction for the construction of constitutive models of deformation and strengthening.
However, it was already proved that in the case of UFG microalloyed steels, the problem of grain growth and resulting loss of the unique properties of these materials is effectively avoided owing to a reduction in the grain boundary energy.
It is very interesting to notice that the ductility, represented here by the elongation (EL) and reduction of area (RA), almost saturate above ε = 1.8 i.e. in the last passes of WD (see Fig. 2).
The ductility, represented here by the elongation (EL) and reduction of area (RA), almost saturate above ε = 1.8 i.e. in the last passes of WD.

Slabs with initial dimension of 1000 x 300 x 45 mm and temperature of 500 °C were rolled 5 passes with a thickness reduction of 20 % per pass.
In this campaign one rolling pass was applied on a coil of strip 2 mm thick and 70 mm wide, but three different reductions were applied per coil (15 %, 22.5 % and 30 %).
As other process conditions (as tensions and reduction) are equal, this must be related to higher friction during rolling.
Other critical parameters, such as strip cleanliness, work roll wear and strip surface topography can be determined and compared with data obtained with O/W-emulsions.
Story, Flexible lubrication trial on Double Cold Reduction mill no. 11 of Tata Steel, 12th International Rolling Conference, Trieste 2022.