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Abdul Rahim 2,c 1 Faculty of Civil and Environment Engineering (FKAAS),Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM) 2 Faculty of Civil and Environment Engineering (FKAAS),Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM) aaeslina@uthm.edu.my, b hasbee.hidra@yahoo.com, cmad_sha89@yahoo.com.my Keywords: Bricks, Mosaic sludge, Leachability, Building material.
Constructive sludge disposal option converting sludge into innovative civil engineering material.
Proc., 7th International. 1999
International Journal of Integrated Engineering.
Proceedings of the Lasted International Conference Environmental Management and Engineering (EME 2011), July 4-6, Calgary, AB, Canada. pp. 108-115. 2011

The pattern were compared to the international center for diffraction data (ICDD) – powder diffraction files (PDF) database.
Koc: Journal of Materials Science. 33 (1998) 1049-1055
Berger: International journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 3 (1992) 3-15
Lefort: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2 (2000) 15-22
Liu, in: Proceeding of 9th Vacuum Metallurgy and Surface Engineering Conference, edited by D.

Elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys［M］.
Ceramics International, 2018:S0272884218313427
Journal Ceramic Society Japan, 2017, 125(11):811-813
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2011,18(21):212001
Materials Science & Engineering C, 2018, 92: 374-380

Modification Mechanism of the ZTA Ceramic Powders with Stearic Acid Xiao-bei HOU1,2,a, Jian-zhong XIAO3,b, Feng XIA3 , Qi ZHANG4, Dong-yi Zhou 1 University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093,China 2 Shanghai Medical Instrumentation College, Shanghai 200093,China 3 Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 4 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of South Wales, Australia a sherry.xbhou@gmail.com, b jzxiao@126.com Keywords: zirconia-toughened alumina, stearic acid, dispersibility, modification, mechanism.
It is well-known that zirconia ceramics has the excellent mechanical properties including high fracture strength and high fracture toughness, so it could be added to ceramic matrix as the second phase to improve the fracture behavior of composite ceramics.
The shape of ceramic particles and the microstructure of ceramic specimens is examined by scanning electron microscopy(JSM-5510LV).
[6] Dean-Mo Liu: Ceramic International .
[7] R.Metselaar, R.Reenis, M.Chen, H.Gorter & H.T.Hintzen: Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol. 15(1995), p.1079-1085

A comparative study of the tribological behavior of tin powder clad on the jis skd11 tool steel with the gtaw method Yu-Chi Lin1 and Han-Ming Chen1 and Yong-Chwang Chen1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, ROC Keywords: wear, gas tungsten arc welding, titanium nitrides, JIS SKD11 tool steel Abstract.
Introduction The gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method is a unique process producing thick coating with metallurgical joint to the substrate that has found increasing application in the surface engineering.
X.: Optimization of Welding Parameters on Wear Performance of Cladded Layer with TiC Ceramic via a Taguchi Approach, Tribology Transactions, 2012, 55 (1), pp. 122-129 [2] Herbst, S.; Williams, S.; Ganguly, S.: A Feasibility Study on Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Structures Using SiC Ceramic Powder in a Steel-Based Matrix by Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Steel Research International, 2012, 83 (6), pp. 546-553 [3] Schnick, M.; Fuessel, U.; Hertel, M.; Haessler, M.; Spille-Kohoff, A.; Murphy, A.
W.: Wear behavior of ceramic powder cladding on an S50C steel surface, Tribology International, 2003, 36 (1), pp. 1-9 [5] Arenas, M.
P.: Research on microstructure of in situ synthesized TiB2/Ni metal-ceramics composite coating, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2005, 391 (1-2), pp. 146-150 [19] Lin, Y.

Composite materials based on EN AW-Al Cu4Mg1(A) aluminum alloy reinforced with the Ti(C,N) ceramic particles L.
Adamiak Division of Materials Processing Technology and Computer Techniques in Materials Science Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology ul.
Introduction An increased interest is observed in last years in metal matrix composite, mostly light metal based, which have found their applications in many industry branches, among others in the aircraft industry, automotive-, and armaments ones, as well as in electrical engineering and electronics, etc. [1,2].
Figure 4 shows fracture topography for composites with Ti(C,N) ceramic particles reinforcement.
a) b)BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Dobrzański L.A., Włodarczyk A., Adamiak M.: 12th Scientific International Conference "Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering" AMME'2003, Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice-Zakopane, 2003, p. 297 (in Polish) [2] Dobrzański L.A., Włodarczyk A., Adamiak M.: Journal of Materials Processing and Technology, 2005 v. 162-163, p. 27 [3] Adamiak M., Fogagnolo J.B., Ruiz-Navas E.M., Dobrzański L.A., Torallba J.M.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 155-156 (2004), p. 2002 [4] Chu H.S., Liu K.S., Yeh J.W.: Scripta Materialia 45 (2001), p. 541 [5] Torres B., Lieblich H., Ibanez J., Garcia - Escorial A.: Scripta Materialia 47, 2002, p.45 [6] Włodarczyk A., Dobrzański L.A., Adamiak M.: Inżynieria Materiałowa, Kraków-Krynica 7-10,X, 2003, p. 369 [7] Polska Norma, PN-EN 573-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Chemical compositions and plastic formed product types, 1998 (Polish Standard - in Polish)

Investigation into the differences Chemical properties of Laser Sintering polymer powders using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy WAY Yusoff a,b , Hadi Puwantoc, Farizahanid ,P.T Phame a,c,dFaculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia bCollege of Engineering, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia eManufacturing Engineering Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom a,byusmawiza@iium.edu.my (correspondent author) Keywords: Laser sintering, polyamide-base-powder, chemical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Abstract.
These materials include metals, polymers and ceramics.
Literature Review There are three types of polymer in engineering; thermosetting plastics, thermoplastics and elastomers.
A lot of research has been done on polymers, metals and ceramics.
Kumpaty, Deborah Cottrill, Andrew Hollett, Jon Barrett and Sheku Kamara,An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer in SelectiveLaser Sintering™ process, (2006) 9th International Conference on Engineering Education [4] D T Pham, K D Dotchev, WAY Yusoff, Deterioration of polyamide power properties in the laser sintering process, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science IMeche, Part C, Vol.222.no.11, pp2163-2176, 2008

The corrosion of steel elements in reinforced concrete can cause considerable damage to civil engineering structures.
One of the fields in which a wide application range of non-linear acoustic spectroscopy methods can be expected is civil engineering.
In Dynamic of Civil Engineering and Transport Structures and Wind Engineering, Applied Mechanics and Materials. 1.
In 10th International Conference of the Slovenian Society for Non-Destructive Testing: Application of Contemporary Non-Destructive Testing in Engineering.
In 10th International Conference of the Slovenian Society for Non-Destructive Testing: Application of Contemporary Non-Destructive Testing in Engineering.

In the past decades, composite materials have been widely adopted in aerospace and other engineering fields.
The panel which is mixed with more volume of ceramic could have higher flutter speed.
Reddy, “Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 47, 2000, pp. 663–684 [2] Y.
Kim, “Temperature Dependent Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Rectangular Plates,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 284, 2005, pp. 531–549 [3] H.
Yoo, and K-S.Lee, “Supersonic Flutter of Functionally Graded Panels Subject to Acoustic and Thermal Loads” ,Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 46, No. 2, 2009, pp. 593–600 [5] K.

Haertling, Ferroelectric ceramics : History and technology, Journal of American Ceramic 82 (1999) 797-818
Zimik., Electrical properties of PZT thin films grown by sol-gel and PLD using a seed layer, Materials Science and Engineering: B 112 (2004) 96-100
Nakamachi, Fabrication of smart material PZT thin films by RF magnetron sputtering method in micro actuators, JSME International Journal, Series A: Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering 49 (2006) 201-208
Sakabe, Preparation and characterization of lead zirconate titanate thin films on Si substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, Key Engineering Materials 269 (2004) 61-64
Land, "Hot-pressed (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 ferroelectric ceramics for electrooptic applications, Journal of American Ceramaic Society 54 (1971) 1-11