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The common etiologies include oral factors, sports activities, falls, violence, and traffic accidents which include pedestrian-, bicycle-, motorcycle-, and car-related injuries [2,9,10].
Bone repair, unlike many other tissues, may result in complete restoration of the biochemical and mechanical properties of the injuried tissue.
The surface properties, such as roughness and hardness of orthodontic archwires may affect the sliding mechanics by influencing the coefficient of friction.
A wire must obey certain properties such as biocompatibility, formability, weldability, low coefficient of friction, resilience, shape memory, low stiffness, and high elastic limit.
Petrisor, Influence of the chemical composition on the mechanical properties of orthodontic archwires.

The study of the influence of the physical and mechanical properties of concrete on various hydraulic binders on the corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement has been carried out.
Over time, the pH value of the medium falls, which reduces the protective properties of the film.
Modification of the structure of cement stone due to the introduction of finely ground additives is aimed at creating additional factors that contribute to the protection of reinforcing steel in concrete structures.
Subsequently, steel reinforcement ceases to perform its functions, and the structure loses its operational properties [8, 17].
Physical and mechanical properties of concrete and consumption of materials per 1 m3

At the current membrane properties, the LCOE for PRO stands at $ 0.352/kWh, rendering it non-competitive compared to other RE sources.
The effective pump work, which factors in an overall pump efficiency (η) of 70-75% was calculated as: Wactual,p = Wsηp
This analysis ensures the factors that have the greatest impact on the results are determined.
The project's ability to withstand market changes was assessed by looking into these potential fluctuations, and the main risk factors that can affect its financial results were determined.
However, issues such as fouling and scaling reduce overall energy output [22,54–56] and simultaneously increase operational costs, affecting profitability.

Selection of an opening method depends on the relief shape and the surface situation, deposit’s reserves, physical and mechanical properties of rocks, deposit survey results, mineral reserves and their utility value, excavation volume, operation’s service life, deposit’s depth under the surface, and used mining methods [1].
Fn factors which determine the solution of the given problem.
Creation of the input table of the AHP method (Table 1) was preceded by the systematic analysis of factors (criteria) affecting the selection of the deposit opening method.
Analysis of the factors was carried out using the data from [11].
Moravec, Application of the AHP method in identification of weights of impact of factors on the working environment quality, Physical factors of the environment 2 (2012) 103-106.

Several reports have been published in the literature about the effects of such modifications on mechanical properties and tool performance, but only a few of these studies were concerned with the effects on secondary carbide formation.
In fact, this effect has been proven thermodynamically [18], which also affects cementite Spheroidization[19].
The relationship between M3C (cementite) and M7C3 carbide formation is thus found to be the main cause for the different distributions of alloy carbides and for the final mechanical properties after long tempering.
This is a rather surprising result, because very little information is shown in literature about the effect of cementite on the properties of H11 steel, especially when considering the very strong effect on toughness [3].
The second factor is related to C availability, which depends on cementite dissolution [3]; and this dissolution may be delayed by a possible stabilization effect of Cr, Mo and V in solid solution in cementite (Table 2).

Influence of Blank-holder Force on Springback of Cap-shape Parts Bending Chunjian Su1, a, Shuangshuang Miao1, b, Linjing Xiao1, c, Sumin Guo1, d and Li Gao1, e 1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266510, China asuchunjian2008@163.com, b2005-mss@163.com, cxiaolj2008@126.com, dgsf266@163.com, eLigao19@163.com.
There are many factors, which will affect the springback, the springback amount of bending parts will has a great change because of the volatility of material property and the change of friction conditions for each obiect to be processed, even if other forming condition are the same.
So it is necessary for the forming process of complex shaped bending parts to do same more in-depth theoretical and experimental research to arrive at the influence of various factors on the forming process and springback, and to reduce production cost and improve production efficiency and precision through seeking more effective methods.
In this region, there is bending moment and a bending curvature affecting the sheet metal, The distance between die and punch is very small by comparing with the bending stroke, and the radius of bending curvature is very large, so this region can be seen as a straight line.
Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 16(2003), p.190-192

The Effect of Two-Step Aging on the Electrical Properties of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Jianhua Zhong1, a,Yinping Xiao1,b, Hongbin Zhu1,cand Kai Feng1,d 1Jiangxi University of Science of Technology, Materials and Chemical Engineering,Gan Zhou Jiangxi ,341000,China azq8613@163.com, bxyp063@126.com, c2dong321@2008.sina.com dfegnkai02@126.com Keywords: 7075 Aluminum Alloy; Extrusion; Electrical Conductivity; Two-Step Aging Abstract: This experiment has taken a research on the conductivity changes of 7075 aluminum alloy after being extruded and two-step aging treatment,and has done a analysis on the theory and rules of the impact on conductivity performance under the two-step aging treatment.Compared to cast aluminum alloy and extruded aluminum alloy without two-step aging process,the experiment showed that extruded alloy with two-step aging treatment has the highest conductivity about 44% IACS, 33.3% more than under casting condition and 22.2% more than only being extruded.
Discussion 7075 aluminum alloy will undergo a series of physical and chemical reactions during condensation process which resulted in irregularity inside the alloy.Alloy contains shrinkage,cracks,air bubble, dendrite of different size and shape and locations,as well as crystal segregation and zone segregation,etc.[4].These defects have caused more dispersion during conducting of electrons.Then air bubble and crakes also decreased the effective area of electron transmission.So all these factors have affect the resistance which lead to low conductivity of the materials.
[7] Chen Xiaoming, Song Renguo,He Yuan , Zhao Jian and Li Hongxia.Effects of Double-Peak Aging on Microstructure and Properties of 7075 Alloy,Aerospace Materials &Technology,2009, 39,(6):23-25 .
[8] Zhang Shixing,Wu Haihong, Deng Penhui and Lu Ying.Influence of Heat Treatment Process-on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 7075 Aluminum Alloy.Hot working Technology, 2008,37 (22):56-58.

So far, the tensile strength of steel plates applied for building construction in Japan is typically up to 590MPa (440MPa in the yield strength), due to many restricting factors such as price and weldability.
Lab scale hot-rolling and mechanical properties Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of production conditions of lab scale plates.
Typical mechanical properties of the plates are shown in Table 3.
The obtained plates showed excellent mechanical properties, with yield strength over 650MPa, tensile strength over 780MPa, yield ratio under 80%, uniform elongation over 8% and Charpy impact energy over 70J at 0o C.
Hobbs, Structure and Properties of Dual-Phase Steels, Metallurgical Society of AIME, edited by R.A.

The kinetic evaluation resulted in the respective activation energy (E), pre-exponential factor (log A) and reaction order (n) are 53.57 kJ/mol, 4.4 min-1, and 1.73.
According to Sukarni et al., [4] understanding the thermal decomposition of biomass is important related to a release rate of volatile matter, quantity, and composition that will be affecting the stability and temperature profile during combustion processes.
The thermodynamic property that represents the total heat content of a system including the internal energy is defined as ΔH, and ΔG is a quantity of energy derived from chemical reactions that can be converted into work, whereas ΔS is a parameter thermodynamics which states the amount of energy in the system per unit of temperature that cannot be converted into mechanical work as a result of irreversibility [9].
Complete results of the slope, intercept, activation energy, and frequency factors were presented in Table 2.
Wardana, Potential and properties of marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata as biomass fuel feedstock, Int.

The exceeding of critical temperature is the root cause of degradation of useable properties of material.
For this reason the enhanced requirements regarding useable properties of basic engine parts must led to material with higher service parameters and its modern metallography and non-destructive diagnostics.
The Eichelberger factor EF [2] serves to comparison of material suitability.
Resistance against this loading is characterized by Eichelberg factor EF.
Cr alloying improves creep strength and brittle fracture properties.