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Introduction The use and the advancement of constructive and material lightweight principles are essentially in order to achieve the ambitious aims for the reduction of resource consumption in various industries.
While in case of joining metals to each other, such as for example aluminum to steel and copper to aluminum the formation of intermetallic compounds is a sophisticated target, new and completely different challenges occur in metal-plastic joints, which turn to be a very interesting topic in research and development at the moment.
Both electrodes were manufactured out of a CuCr1Zr-alloy in order to use a common electrode material.
Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 14, No. 6, (2006) pp. 449-475
In: Welding Journal (2003), S. 195-201.

The study aims to assess the potential advantages and limitations of ultrasonic compaction of PLA AM samples, as a reinforcing manufacturing technique.
This scientific paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis aimed at enhancing our understanding of PLA-based materials and the potential for their improvement.
PLA degrades into lactic acid, a natural compound that can be metabolized by microorganisms in the environment.
Acknowledgements The paper was developed within the project PN 23.37.01.03 with the title „Research on the development of 3D printed high entropy alloys for the construction of severely wear and vibration stressed components”, (financed by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, in the frame of the Nucleu Program of ISIM Timişoara PN 23 37/2023-2026, contract 16N/2023.
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 113 (2021): 623-648

Traditionally, thermal management materials have been based on aluminium, copper and their alloys because of their seemingly very high thermal conductivity and CTE.
Compounds such as AlN, Al2O3 and SiC are examples of ceramics while Cu-W, Cu-Mo and Al-SiC are that of MMCs [4,5].
PM is regarded as the only possible route for reinforcing higher melting point alloys (such as Cu-based alloys) with fibres [21].
Discontinuous graphite reinforced aluminum, and copper alloys for high thermal conductivity-thermal expansion matched thermal management applications.
The Syposiam on Deformation and Structure of Metals and Alloys. 2002 [21].

Titanium alloys, stainless steel, and Cr-Co alloys are all extensively utilized as bone plates [1].
The most crucial condition for the long-term effectiveness of skeleton implants, such as knee joints or artificial hips, is a stable compound between the surrounding tissue and the biomaterial.
Iglič, Biomaterial surface modification of titanium and titanium alloys for medical applications, Nanomedicine, 111, 615, (2014) 111
Al-Kaisy, Fabrication of Ni-ZrO2 Nanocomposite Coating by Electroless Deposition Technique, Engineering and Technology Journal, 38, 5, (2020) 649-655
Al-Kaisy, Al2O3-TiO2-PMMA Bio-Composite Coating via Electrostatic Spray Technique, Engineering and Technology Journal, 39, 3A, (2021) 504-511

XRD analysis detected compounds like FeCu4, Cr3Fe, Cu (Fe2O4), and CrO near the weld interface.
The study aimed to assess the bonding capability of copper and steel using different ratios of explosives and varying stand-off distances.
Casalino: Numerical and experimental investigation of probeless friction stir spot welding of a multilayer aluminium alloy compound, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 28:8, 653-661 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2193460 [5] P.
Sorgente: Laser offset welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy to 316 stainless steel.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 242: 549 - 591 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.11.020 [7] G.

Small punch test (SPT) have been employed successfully for the mechanical properties of several metallic alloys for decades.
The chemical equations are as follows [19]: (7) In the photo oxidation of HDPE, the hydrogen peroxide has a much less effect than the carbonyl compound.
HD is aimed to the relevantly thinner area, which effective thickness is more than 3mm, so the susceptibility was not strong.
Part 1: Long-term thermal and photo-oxidation studies, Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology. 10 (2004) 79–87
Kurtz, Characterization of PEEK biomaterials using the small punch test, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 4 (2011) 1275-1282

Additional collection of semiconductor compounds are identified as transition metal chalcogenides (TMC), which have been industrialized to be utilized in the absorption materials.
Due to the efficient characteristics of the optical and semiconducting properties of the NiSe2, which can be considered as a p-type semiconductors with band gaps of 0.3eV and 2.0eV), (TMC compounds), particularly in thin film arrangement are discovered to stand the exact materials in the photovoltaic manufacturing on behalf of developed photo electrochemical besides solar cell panels [7].
To this end, the main aim of this research is to determine the suitable annealing temperature.
World of Journal Nanoscience and Engineering, 1(2011): 108–118
Journal of Science and Technology, 10(2) (2018): 53-60

In concentrated solution alloys, PAS revealed segregation of Ni at the early stages of irradiation [110] and segregation of Cr in deformed alloys [111].
Puska, Positron annihilation in II-VI compound semiconductors: theory, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 6 (1994) 8809
Williams, High depth nondestructive stress measurements on thick steel alloys, J.
Kim, The mechanism behind the high radiation tolerance of Fe–Cr alloys, J.
Gorecki, Impurity-induced vacancy clustering in cold-rolled nickel alloys as studied by positron annihilation techniques, Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics. 17 (1987) 1333.

Results and Discussion Main aim of this work was synthesis of forsterite-spinel ceramics.
Meng, Sintering and characterization of fly ash-based mullite with MgO addition, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 31,2011, pp 687–695, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.12.012 [10] M.
El-Anadouli, Synthesis of nanocrystalline MgO/MgAl2O4 spinel powders from industrial wastes, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 691, 2017, pp 822-833, DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.279 [12] W.
Olejniczak, Effect of thermal processing on the structural characteristics of fly ashes, Journal of Molecular Structure 1165, 2018, pp 299-304, DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.04.008 [13] M.

With the aim to avoid clamping phenomena, the core is manufactured with a taper.
Aiming to obtain a pearlite microstructure in the continuously cast tubes, we carried out experimental research with different inoculants.
Castings treated with rare earth ferrosilicon + Sn compound inoculant had higher pearlite content (98-100 % in the casting bulk), the less hardness difference in cross section.
Cui, Experimental study on horizontal continuous casting of 6061 aluminium alloy bar process, Key Engineering Materials, 480-481 (2011) 100-103
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 44 (5) (2001) 953-965