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Recently, ECAP has been considered as one of the most powerful methods to fabricate bulk UFG materials, including Al, Mg, Ti alloys and their powder materials [3-5].
[3] Valiev R.Z. and Langdon T.G. (2006) Principles of equal-channel angular pressing as a processing tool for grain refinement, Progress in Materials Science, 51(7): 881-981
[4] Karaman I., Haouaoui M. and Maier H.J. (2007) Nanoparticle consolidation using euqal channel angular extrusion at room temperature, Jouranl of Materials Science, 42(5), 1561-1576
[8] Wang Q. and Lu X.L. (2006) Numerical algorithm of discrite element method, Journal of Tong Ji University (natural science), 34(12): 1573-1577
[9] Li P., Wang X. and Xue K.M. (2013) Multi-scale study of pure molybdenum powder material in tubes during equal channel angular pressing, Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 18(3), 452-458

However, this method is enabled by many affordable materials and machines, making it optimal for cheap and fast prototyping [1, 7].
One of the most important differences between SLS and FDM or SLA is the ability of SLS to use metallic and non-metallic materials as the base material.
In addition to these, the properties of the materials used also play a prominent role.
Liu, “Rapid prototyping of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites by 3D printing,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 238, pp. 218-225, 2016/12/01/, 2016
Patterson, “Perspective on 3D printing of separation membranes and comparison to related unconventional fabrication techniques,” Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 523, pp. 596-613, 2017

ARB is carried out in homogenous and heterogeneous materials to bring out the useful applications of ultrafine grained materials.
Microstructure describes the grain refinement in ARB processed materials.
Development of composite materials is investigated and is used for relevant applications and ARB is also used to develop advanced materials through heterogeneous processing’s.
Each pass shows distinct property of materials, hence, each pass shall be analyzed carefully to understand the point at which the material starts to bond with the pairing materials.
After the specimen preparation, the required material is annealed; the annealing temperature varies depending on materials used.

Kuboyama, Impact of the change in raw material supply on enterprise strategies of the Japanese plywood industry, Journal of Forest Research. 23(6) (2018) 325-335
Nolan, Factors influencing the production of structural plywood in Tasmania, Australia from Eucalyptus nitens rotary peeled veneer, Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science. 80(4) (2018) 319-328
Taherzadeh, Partial replacement of urea-formaldehyde adhesive with fungal biomass and soy flour in plywood fabrication, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 34(13) (2020) 1371-1384
Mukhametzyanov, Influence of technical parameters of disk-shaped reactor on productivity of heat treatment of crushed wood, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 327(4) (2018) 042095
Voronin, Pre-treatment of vegetable waste in the production of composite materials, Key Engineering Materials. 743 (2017) 53-57

Introduction The science and technology of materials subject to severe plastic deformation (SPD) has evolved largely during the past 30 years.
These topical areas correspond with the natural evolutionary stages of research in materials science and materials development.
These five topical areas typically evolve sequentially within the synthesis-structure-properties triad that characterizes materials science investigations.
Ultrafine Grained Materials.
Ultrafine Grained Materials II.

Silberschmidt: Computational Materials Science Vol. 50 (4) (2010), p. 1286 [2] S.
Silberschmidt: Computational Materials Science Vol. 46 (3) (2009), p. 700 [11] E.
Silberschmidt: Computational Materials Science (2011), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.01.033 [12] B.
Silberschmidt: Computational Materials Science (2011), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.12.005 [13] X.
Silberschmidt: Computational Materials Science Vol. 50 (4) (2010), p. 1292 [14] E.

Fig.1 Crack Width of Groutable of Different Materials (XU Xingliang, 2007) The firstly, the chemical grouting which has good toughness and adhesiveness features can generate net framework in argillaceous surrounding rock after it consolidated, the strengthened argillaceous surrounding rock can keep high residual strength and good bearing ability even large deformations take place under overload, so the argillaceous roadway can be easy to be controlled.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Scinces.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.Vol.28(2009), pp. 330-335.
Journal of China University of Mining & Technology.

Optimum compositions of materials made with use of building mineral waste and physical-mechanical characteristics of received materials are given.
Sychov, Absorptive Properties of Hydrate Silicate Building Materials and Products for Quality and Geoecoprotection Improvement, Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 9 (2016) DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i42/104231
Troshev, Use of Waste From Aluminothermic Welding of Railroad Tracks in Structural Materials Science, Procedia Engineering. 189 (2017) 94-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.016 [16] L.L.
Sychov, Obtaining Foam Concrete Applying Stabilized Foam//Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9 (2016), DOI: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i42/104304
Construction Materials. (2003)

The Synthesis and the thermal Properties of CaZr4(PO4)6 materials SU Long1, a,SUI Wanmei2,b ,LIU Yujie3,c 1,2,3College of Physics Science, Institute of Inorganic Materials Engineering,Qingdao University, 308,Ningxia Rd., Qingdao,266071,China asulong1314happy@163.com, bcorresponding author,wlxswm@qdu.edu.cn, clunaryoga@163.com Keywords: Ceramics; Solid phase method; CaZr4(PO4)6; Thermal expansion coefficients Abstract.CaZr4(PO4)6 ceramics were prepared with solid reaction of two-steps method.
In the current researches, CaZr4(PO4)6 materials has been synthesized by sol-gel method, although the process greatly improves the sintering behavior of the material[3], the material prepared with this process was relatively expensive due to the precursor materials and complex processing required.
Results and discussion Morphology and phase structure of the materials.
Limaye,D K.Agrawal,R Roy, et al.Synthesis, sintering and thermal expansion of Ca1-xSrxZr4P6O24—an ultra-low thermal expansion ceramic system [J].Journal of Materials Science,1991,26:93-98 [4] V.Srikanth,X.Subbarao,D.Agrawal,et al.Thermal expansion anisotropy and acoustic emission of NaZr2(PO4)3 family ceramics[J].Am.Ceram.Soc,1991,74(2):365-368 [5] L.Bois,M.J,Guittet,F.Carrot,et a1.Preliminary results on the leaching process of phosphate ceramics potential hosts for actinide immobilization[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials.2001,297: 129-137 [6] C.S.Yoon,C.K.Kim,T.Y.Byun.Synthesis and thermal expansion behavior of liquid phase sintered CaZr4(PO4)6–Li2O[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2002,77:930–937 [7] N.Chakraborty, D.
Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2005,25:1885–1893 [8] S.Y.Limaye,D.K.Agrawal,R.Roy,et al.Synthesis,sintering and thermal expansion of Ca1-xSrxZr4P6O24—an ultra-low thermal expansion ceramic system[J].Journal of Materials Science,1991,26:93-98

Preparation of Self-cleaning Luminous PVC Flexible Composite Building Materials Preparation of PVC Flexible Composite Building Materials.
Materials and Instruments.
Chinese Journal of Catalysis,1997，18（4）：345
ShangHai Textile Science ＆ Technology
Journal of Functional Materials,2005,01:129-132.