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Online since: June 2014
Authors: Zhong Zhu Qiu, Mei He, Pan Zhang
Heat transfer characteristics of MEPCMS in turbulent flow: a review
Mei He 1, a, Zhongzhu Qiu2,b and Pan Zhang 3,c
1, College of Energy and mechanical engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power,
2103 Pingliang Road, Shanghai, China
ahemei90328@126.com, b 1050079260@qq.com
Keywords: heat transfer coefficient, degree of turbulence, heat transfer correlations
Abstract.
This article mainly makes a brief introduction about Microencapsulated Phase Change Material Slurries(MEPCMS) and its preparations ,the research status and several correlations of heat transfer in turbulent flow of MEPCMS are also listed.The influencing factors of turbulent heat transfer are mainly the degree of turbulence, the mass fraction and wall heating rate,particle size effects weakly.
polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 59 2.2 40.6 144.0 In situ polymerization Polyurea Hexadecane - 2.5 15.5 66.1 Interfacial polycondensation Polyurea Butyl stearate 66 20-35 28.6 76.3 Interfacial polycondensation Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 70 9.2 30.5 169.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Octadecane 72 0.8 36.5 167.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Nonadecane 69 — 30.3 233.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Eicosane 71 — 45.3 172.0 In situ polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 40 1.6 — 166.0 Emulsion polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde Lauryl alcohol 75 9.2 — — In situ polymerization Polymethylmethacrylate n-Docosane 28 0.16 41.0 54.6 Emulsion polymerization Polymethylmethacrylate n-Eicosane 35 0.7 35.2 84.2 Emulsion polymerization Fig 1 The appearance of MEPCMS Research status and heat transfer correlations Several researchs have been conducted to explore the flow and heat transfer properties
Conclusions Turbulent slurry flows are not only affected by the mass fraction and wall heating rate, but are greatly influenced by turbulent degree.
This article mainly makes a brief introduction about Microencapsulated Phase Change Material Slurries(MEPCMS) and its preparations ,the research status and several correlations of heat transfer in turbulent flow of MEPCMS are also listed.The influencing factors of turbulent heat transfer are mainly the degree of turbulence, the mass fraction and wall heating rate,particle size effects weakly.
polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 59 2.2 40.6 144.0 In situ polymerization Polyurea Hexadecane - 2.5 15.5 66.1 Interfacial polycondensation Polyurea Butyl stearate 66 20-35 28.6 76.3 Interfacial polycondensation Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 70 9.2 30.5 169.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Octadecane 72 0.8 36.5 167.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Nonadecane 69 — 30.3 233.0 In situ polymerization Urea-melamine- formaldehyde n-Eicosane 71 — 45.3 172.0 In situ polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde n-Octadecane 40 1.6 — 166.0 Emulsion polymerization Melamine-formaldehyde Lauryl alcohol 75 9.2 — — In situ polymerization Polymethylmethacrylate n-Docosane 28 0.16 41.0 54.6 Emulsion polymerization Polymethylmethacrylate n-Eicosane 35 0.7 35.2 84.2 Emulsion polymerization Fig 1 The appearance of MEPCMS Research status and heat transfer correlations Several researchs have been conducted to explore the flow and heat transfer properties
Conclusions Turbulent slurry flows are not only affected by the mass fraction and wall heating rate, but are greatly influenced by turbulent degree.
Online since: August 2017
Authors: Anthony Beaucamp
Properties of carbide materials
Crack formation in brittle materials.
Table 1 shows a summary of these material properties for silicon carbide and tungsten carbide [15], together with the resulting value for critical depth of indentation.
Material properties of binderless carbides used in optical mold fabrication.
Summary In this paper, an overview was provided of the mechanical properties of ceramic materials used in tooling and mold inserts fabrication, such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide.
Kwon, Mechanical properties of binderless tungsten carbide by spark plasma sintering.
Table 1 shows a summary of these material properties for silicon carbide and tungsten carbide [15], together with the resulting value for critical depth of indentation.
Material properties of binderless carbides used in optical mold fabrication.
Summary In this paper, an overview was provided of the mechanical properties of ceramic materials used in tooling and mold inserts fabrication, such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide.
Kwon, Mechanical properties of binderless tungsten carbide by spark plasma sintering.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Biao Chen, Tao Yan, He Chun Chen, Bin Wen
In the same operating conditions the safety factor of inverted arch slabs is 2 ~ 3 times of the other.
This paper, is trying to explore the optimal plunge pool shape according to the hydraulic factors.
The parameters affect flow pattern related to the safe operation of plunge pool include the downstream water depth H, jet flowing velocity u0 entering the water and jet thickness L, jet impact angle and discharge per unit width q etc.
Inverted arch plunge pool transfer jet impact load to mountains both sides using mechanical properties of arch structure, making full use of the compressive performance of concrete and overload ability of arch structure, and improve the overall stability of the plunge pool.
Conclusions In this paper, jet diffusion rule in plunge pool and the jet velocity attenuation relationship with jet process have been discussed, and compared flat-bottomed plunge pool, inverted arch plunge pool and improved inverted arch plunge pool according above factors.
This paper, is trying to explore the optimal plunge pool shape according to the hydraulic factors.
The parameters affect flow pattern related to the safe operation of plunge pool include the downstream water depth H, jet flowing velocity u0 entering the water and jet thickness L, jet impact angle and discharge per unit width q etc.
Inverted arch plunge pool transfer jet impact load to mountains both sides using mechanical properties of arch structure, making full use of the compressive performance of concrete and overload ability of arch structure, and improve the overall stability of the plunge pool.
Conclusions In this paper, jet diffusion rule in plunge pool and the jet velocity attenuation relationship with jet process have been discussed, and compared flat-bottomed plunge pool, inverted arch plunge pool and improved inverted arch plunge pool according above factors.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Ya Feng Yang, J.F. Sun, Ying Ying Sun, Shu Dong Luo, Ma Qian
There are some unidentified factors which can also dictate the heating response of TiH2 powder
Vacuum condition (low or high levels) is not the key factor which affects the heating response of TiH2 to pure MW radiation.
The dictating factors thus remain unclear.
Roy, Microwave sintering and mechanical properties of PM copper steel.
Qian, Microwave heating, isothermal sintering, and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy titanium and titanium alloys.
Vacuum condition (low or high levels) is not the key factor which affects the heating response of TiH2 to pure MW radiation.
The dictating factors thus remain unclear.
Roy, Microwave sintering and mechanical properties of PM copper steel.
Qian, Microwave heating, isothermal sintering, and mechanical properties of powder metallurgy titanium and titanium alloys.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Andrzej Ambrozik, Tomasz Ambrozik, Dariusz Kurczyński, Edward Trzensik, Piotr Łagowski
It also allows an analysis of the impact of various factors on the course of processes in the engine.
The properties of the end product, i.e. petrol, depend on the content of hydrocarbon groups and the applied additives.
For dozens of years, spark ignition combustion engines have been adjusted to fit the properties of different petrol types derived from crude oil, which affected the design of those engines.
Due to its properties [8, 9, 10], natural gas can be increasingly more frequently applied to fuel piston engines in cars.
Such an approach did not make it possible to fully utilise the properties of gaseous fuels, i.e.
The properties of the end product, i.e. petrol, depend on the content of hydrocarbon groups and the applied additives.
For dozens of years, spark ignition combustion engines have been adjusted to fit the properties of different petrol types derived from crude oil, which affected the design of those engines.
Due to its properties [8, 9, 10], natural gas can be increasingly more frequently applied to fuel piston engines in cars.
Such an approach did not make it possible to fully utilise the properties of gaseous fuels, i.e.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Li Lin Han, Feng Wang, Yu Fei Wang
Traditional ejection seat separation control system is a kind of mechanical height-time single control organ, because the time interval spanning from the seat ejection to the shoot and lifesaving parachute is fixed.
The polymorphic program controller was developed in the sixties abroad, and in the seventies, electronic programmable device with higher development property was began and researched significantly in the US and UK and other countries with the rapid development of electronic technology, recently, electronic adaptive program controller with more advanced technology.
The Advantages of Electronic Program Controller Compared with the mechanical program controller, the electronic program controller has the following advantages: (1)small size, light weight, high precision of time delay
And the defect is that it is easily affected by external factors.
Multiple factor input, multifunctional output and adaptive control technology requirements, makes the program controller move from the fixed delay to variable time delay, develop from single time delay functional to multi-functional and intelligent direction, change from mechanical to electronic direction, and the electronic way is an inevitable trend in the development of programmable device.
The polymorphic program controller was developed in the sixties abroad, and in the seventies, electronic programmable device with higher development property was began and researched significantly in the US and UK and other countries with the rapid development of electronic technology, recently, electronic adaptive program controller with more advanced technology.
The Advantages of Electronic Program Controller Compared with the mechanical program controller, the electronic program controller has the following advantages: (1)small size, light weight, high precision of time delay
And the defect is that it is easily affected by external factors.
Multiple factor input, multifunctional output and adaptive control technology requirements, makes the program controller move from the fixed delay to variable time delay, develop from single time delay functional to multi-functional and intelligent direction, change from mechanical to electronic direction, and the electronic way is an inevitable trend in the development of programmable device.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Ben Jiao Li, Bin Rong Ma, Zhe Ming Zhang, Zhi Jia Li, Si Yi Zhao, Yong Jing, Song Li
The second is high energy mechanical ball milling.
References [1] Hajipour, Mohammad Javad, et al: Antibacterial properties of nanoparticles.
Silver I: its antibacterial properties and mechanism of action.
Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characteristic Properties and Therapeutic Applications.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles at room temperature using aqueous aloe leaf extract and antibacterial properties.
References [1] Hajipour, Mohammad Javad, et al: Antibacterial properties of nanoparticles.
Silver I: its antibacterial properties and mechanism of action.
Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characteristic Properties and Therapeutic Applications.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles at room temperature using aqueous aloe leaf extract and antibacterial properties.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Muhammad Riza, Muataz H.F. Al Hazza, Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta, M.Y. Suprianto
Surface roughness affects the functional attributes of finished parts.
Introduction Surface roughness is one of the important properties and the major indicator of surface quality in turning process.
Thus, predicting the surface roughness is of utmost importance for economical and mechanical reasons.
In this research, the CCD Design is an experiment design in which each numeric factor varied over five levels in axial points except the face centered cube (FCC) which can run only with three levels.
Table 1: Cutting conditions in coded factors and actual values No. of Run Type of run cutting speed (m/min) Feed rate (mm/tooth) depth of cut (mm) 1 Factorial Actual Coded Actual Coded Actual Coded 2 Factorial 250 1 0.050 -1 0.100 -1 3 Factorial 250 1 0.150 1 0.100 -1 4 Factorial 250 1 0.050 -1 0.200 1 5 Factorial 250 1 0.150 1 0.200 1 6 Factorial 150 -1 0.050 -1 0.100 -1 7 Factorial 150 -1 0.150 1 0.100 -1 8 Factorial 150 -1 0.050 -1 0.200 1 9 Center 150 -1 0.150 1 0.200 1 10 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 11 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 12 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 13 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 14 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 15 Axial 134.2 -α 0.100 0 0.150 0 16 Axial 265.8 +α 0.100 0 0.150 0 17 Axial 200 0 0.034 -α 0.150 0 18 Axial 200 0 0.166 +α 0.150 0 19 Axial 200 0 0.100 0 0.084 -α 20 Axial 200 0 0.100 0 0.216 +α Results Two options have been applied to find the best predicting model: the first order model and the second order models.
Introduction Surface roughness is one of the important properties and the major indicator of surface quality in turning process.
Thus, predicting the surface roughness is of utmost importance for economical and mechanical reasons.
In this research, the CCD Design is an experiment design in which each numeric factor varied over five levels in axial points except the face centered cube (FCC) which can run only with three levels.
Table 1: Cutting conditions in coded factors and actual values No. of Run Type of run cutting speed (m/min) Feed rate (mm/tooth) depth of cut (mm) 1 Factorial Actual Coded Actual Coded Actual Coded 2 Factorial 250 1 0.050 -1 0.100 -1 3 Factorial 250 1 0.150 1 0.100 -1 4 Factorial 250 1 0.050 -1 0.200 1 5 Factorial 250 1 0.150 1 0.200 1 6 Factorial 150 -1 0.050 -1 0.100 -1 7 Factorial 150 -1 0.150 1 0.100 -1 8 Factorial 150 -1 0.050 -1 0.200 1 9 Center 150 -1 0.150 1 0.200 1 10 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 11 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 12 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 13 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 14 Center 200 0 0.100 0 0.150 0 15 Axial 134.2 -α 0.100 0 0.150 0 16 Axial 265.8 +α 0.100 0 0.150 0 17 Axial 200 0 0.034 -α 0.150 0 18 Axial 200 0 0.166 +α 0.150 0 19 Axial 200 0 0.100 0 0.084 -α 20 Axial 200 0 0.100 0 0.216 +α Results Two options have been applied to find the best predicting model: the first order model and the second order models.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Elvia Díaz-Valdés, Concepción Mejía-García, Ana María Paniagua-Mercado, Marco Alberto Ayala-Torres, Alejandro Sánchez-Sánchez, Josúe Romero-Ibarra
The structural and morphological properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Introduction Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an interesting material due to their excellent physical and chemical properties.
ZnO nanostructures have a good mechanical strength, thermal and chemical stability.
Nanostructural ZnO formation is influenced by many factors in the hydrothermal process, which suggests the morphologic varieties of the nanostructures.
The SEM images revealed that the amount of ammonium in the hydrothermal process affects the morphology of ZnO nanostructures.
Introduction Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an interesting material due to their excellent physical and chemical properties.
ZnO nanostructures have a good mechanical strength, thermal and chemical stability.
Nanostructural ZnO formation is influenced by many factors in the hydrothermal process, which suggests the morphologic varieties of the nanostructures.
The SEM images revealed that the amount of ammonium in the hydrothermal process affects the morphology of ZnO nanostructures.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Dong Mei Shi, Yan Qiang Jia, Chuan Bao Zhao, Bo Tao Lin
In this paper, the hydrolysis and self-assembly techniques , at room temperature, the preparation of coconut shell granular activated carbon nano- load (TiO2/GAC) TiO2 , the morphology and crystal morphology, adsorption properties and photocatalytic properties were tested and characterized.
Conclusion Studied the morphology and crystal structure of the material was prepared by SEM, XRD and other methods, and determined the amount of adsorption and catalytic properties of light, the following conclusions
Self-assembly technology and its influencing factors [J].
Preparation of nano titania gel process, a number of factors on the gel time [J].
[6] Wong Hung , thunder , Huang Weixin , etc. affect the complexing agent for the preparation of TiO2 thin films and super-hydrophilic characteristics [J].
Conclusion Studied the morphology and crystal structure of the material was prepared by SEM, XRD and other methods, and determined the amount of adsorption and catalytic properties of light, the following conclusions
Self-assembly technology and its influencing factors [J].
Preparation of nano titania gel process, a number of factors on the gel time [J].
[6] Wong Hung , thunder , Huang Weixin , etc. affect the complexing agent for the preparation of TiO2 thin films and super-hydrophilic characteristics [J].