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The use of this technique significantly reduces the number of time-consuming and expensive experiments while maintaining the quality of the results.
The relative durability of the material was determined by the formula: - the number of acoustic signals with a fractal dimension of the attractor 1≤ D2attr ≤6 on the steady-state area of cyclic creep.
∆Tcyc– unit of time. - the number of acoustic signals with a fractal dimension of the attractor 1≤ D2attr ≤6 in the first loading cycle at .
In this case, the number of experiments is reduced by an order of magnitude, as for the construction of such a diagram Fig. 2 values of points A,B,C, A1,B1,C1 are required, which greatly simplifies the task of predicting the durability of structural materials.
Rashchi, Recovery of ultra fine grained silver and copper from PC board scraps, Separation and Purification Technology. 92(2012) 36–42

Precipitate size and number density are captured via the Kampmann--Wagner numerical approach, which is embedded in a genetic algorithm to obtain optimal compositional and heat treatment scenarios for the optimisation of the mechanical properties in aluminium alloys of the 7000 series.
Tests of the Monkhorst--Pack k--point sampling [6] show that energy convergence to within 0.5 kJ/mol is reached for grids with 5000 equal to the number of k--points times the number of atoms in the cell.
The core expression describing precipitate evolution is ∂Ni ∂t = ∂Nivi ∂r + I (2) where Ni is the number of particles of the ith particle size and vi is their growth rate; I is the nucleation rate per unit volume of new precipitates.
Mass balance aids in determining the matrix solute content, these determine the alloy yield strength (σy) via five contributions: the lattice resistance, work hardening and grain boundaries contributions, which do not significantly change during ageing; and the solid solution and precipitate effects (σss and σp, respectively).

The product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and Size analyzer. 1Introduction In leather-tanning process, a large number of leather solid wastes are produced by the process such as shaving, trimming produces.
Table 1 The grafted rate analysis orthogonal test of superfine leather powder maleic modified by maleic anhydride The number A Maleic anhydride volume B Temperate C Time D Superfine leather powder and wet conditions Grafted rate /% 1 1 1 1 1 2.29 2 1 2 2 2 3.12 3 1 3 3 3 3.60 4 2 1 2 3 3.61 5 2 2 3 1 5.24 6 2 3 1 2 5.40 7 3 1 3 2 5.21 8 3 2 1 3 6.14 9 3 3 2 1 8.03 K1 9.01 11.11 14.23 15.56 K2 14.25 14.5 14.76 13.73 K3 19.38 17.03 14.05 13.35 k1 3 3.7 4.34 5.19 k2 4.75 4.83 4.92 4.58 k3 6.46 5.68 4.68 4.45 Range R 3.46 1.98 0.58 0.74 Primary sequence A> B > D >C Optimal level A3 B3 C2 D1 Optimal combination A3B3C2D1 From table 2, the best condition of acrylic modification is that the reaction temperature is 75 °C, the weight of acrylic is 15g, the percentage of initiator monomers is 2%, the reaction time is 5h.
Table 2 The orthogonal grafted rate analysis results of acrylic modifying superfine leather powder grafted by Maleic anhydride The number A Pure acrylic quantity/% B The percentage of ammonium persulfate /% C Temperate/°C D Time/h The grated rate/% 1 1 1 1 1 2.4 2 1 2 2 2 6.6 3 1 3 3 3 5.5 4 2 1 2 3 13.3 5 2 2 3 1 20.1 6 2 3 1 2 12.8 7 3 1 3 2 34.6 8 3 2 1 3 37.8 9 3 3 2 1 34.2 K1 14.5 50.3 53 56.7 K2 46.2 64.5 54.1 54 K3 106.6 52.5 60.2 56.6 k1 4.83 16.77 17.67 18.90 k2 15.40 21.50 18.03 18.00 k3 35.53 17.50 20.07 18.87 Range R 30.70 4.73 2.40 0.90 Primary sequence A> B > C >D Optimal level A3 B2 C3 D1 Optimal combination A3B2C3D1 3.2 Grain size analysis results Fig.2 Particle size distribution of modified supfine leather powder in water Fig.1 Particle size distribution of superfine leather powder in water before modification From Fig.1 and Fig.2, it can be see that the suspending capability of superfine leather powder has changed before and after
After filtering and washing, add a amount of distilled water to scatter, 2% ammonium persulfate (APS) solution (monomer quality plan) as the initiator, joined with 150% (ultrafine leather powder weight plan) AA, at 75 °C for 5h, the grafted rate of the modification products is 39.7%. 5 Acknowledgements The project is funded by National Natural Science Foundation (Project number: 20876167) and funded by Research Institutes Technology Development Research Special Funds of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (Project number: 2008EG111011) 6 References [1] Zhangwen Xiong, Wei Na, Li xin, etc.

The traffic volume is the number of all the ships which past a certain place of water area during unit time.
But the number of watercrafts should be detected in the tug fleet tug fleet.
This article adopts a method based on morphological classification in continuous time domain to identification cabin, so as to gain the number of watercrafts, and reinforce learning tug team morphological features by a large number of sample experiments and supervised classification method.
This article proposes a method of applying the data fusion to the characteristic recognition of tug fleet, and achieve the recognize target by reinforcement learning of large number of samples and strengthening the morphological characteristics of the tug team.
Small influencing of the kind and grain of the medium in the scene.

A porous coating obtained by plasma spraying is characterized by a minimum number of open pores - 5 pores / mm.
The main number of pores has a size from 100 to 200 µm with an average depth of 80 µm (Fig. 4a).
The porous coating obtained using the POROCOAT® technology is characterized by a significantly larger number of open pores - 11 pores / mm.
Pore width distribution in coatings obtained by plasma spraying (a), using the POROCOAT® technology (b), and DLMN (c) An important indicator for porous coatings, in addition to the size and number of open pores, is the adhesive strength.
At the same time, the POROCOAT® and GRIBTION® coating is characterized by the presence of common grains at the interface, which indicates the formation of physicochemical contact at the base-coating interface.

are random numbers between 0 and 1
are random numbers between 0 and 1.
Number of iterations the algorithm is set to 60.
From Table 1 and Table 2, we can see that the optimization recipe based on the ACOC method can satisfy quality index and reduce the margin of octane number, KBZS and RVP greatly.
Ozkarahan, A mixed-integer linear programming model for bulk grain blending and shipping.

When the size of particle is constant, the number of particle in appointed region can reflect the ballast compactness.
In order to compare with the experimental results, the number of particle in the same region are extracted respectively before and after tamping operation, as shown in Fig. 4.
(a) Before tamping operation (b) After tamping operation Fig.4 The number of particle in appointed region In the Fig. 4, the number in the red box is the number of particle in the tamping region, which shows the ballast compactness under the sleeper before and after tamping operation.
[4] Saussine G, Azema E, Peales R, Radjai F: Powders and Grains, Vol. 1145, (2009), pp. 469-472

The expansion operation can be used to eliminate some narrow region of the target region and eliminate grain noise within it.
To calculate the true parameters which represent the characteristics of fracture, the reference line whose length is known is used during photographing fracture image. suppose the actual length of reference line is c, the number of pixels in the image is n, then, the actual length of a pixel is c/n.
So, the number of 0 in the binary image equals to the total pixels of fracture, called N1, then, the actual area of fracture is Area1=N1 ( c/n)².
The number of whose value=1 in the binary image equals to the total pixels of fracture, called N2, then, the actual area of fracture is Area2=N2 ( c/n)².
If the number of pixel along length direction is m, then the distance between fracture equal up pixels minus down pixels, the actual width is ,however, the max width is the maximum of series{}.

In the process of aluminum smelting, the melting consumption of about 4-16.2%, which can be divided into two parts, has been converted to an oxide slag, cannot be recovered, the metal involved in the slag beans, which can be recovered, the number of which is related to the melting temperature, operation and the type of furnace, when the factors is determined, it is depended on the state and properties of the slag[5-6].
Table 2 Slag effect of contrast Reagent number grain size content (g) d>3mm slag 1.0Table 3 Result analysis of orthogonal experiment program factor level number A B C experiment results Na2SiF6 KNO3 Na2AlF6 rate of pinhole Recover rate % Process Performance Rating Rating level Before refining After refining 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level A level 98.3 97.6 97.4 98.6 98.5 97.9 98.5 97.9 97.3 -23 -25 31 33 45 3 23 83 15 9 8 3 5 2 5 5 1 6 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 K1 K2 K3 15 81 97 26 56 89 100 41 29 K1= The sum of the data of number i K1 5 27 32.3 8.67 18.7 29.7 33.3 13.7 9.7 K1= Ki/3 K2 K3 R 27.3 21.03 23.6 R is the maximum difference of K1,K2,K3 Measurement of removing slag According to the amount of slag in the melted aluminum alloy, the amount of the metal in the slag is measured by washing method, to evaluate the effect
Table 4 The effect of removing slag Number Alloy trademark Alloy liquidweight (Kg) Temperature (℃) Amount (%) Sample volume (g) content of slag samples (g) the weight after washing (g) 1 ZL101 300 740 0.1 15 13.13 15.65 2 ZL101 300 740 0.1 15 10.11 16.23 3 ZL203 250 670 0.15 12 10.15 11.65 4 ZL203 250 670 0.15 12 8.45 13.01 Note: Traditional agent is added in Test 1 and 3, developed agent is added in Test 2 and 4 Conclusion In this study, traditional agent is improved, the adhesion between the slag is enhanced, which has a better effect to remove slag, in summary, the agent has the following advantages: The agent developed in the research can improve the recovery rate of the aluminum, which has a better effect; The agent can reduce consumption, which has a better economic efficiency, which is valuable of promotion and application; The gas released by the agent is analyzed, it contents hazardous gas slightly, meets the national standards and will not cause pollution.

There are two parameters, n and, used in MesoDyn simulations to describe the number of Gaussian beads and the interaction between beads. 2.1 MesoDyn Calculation Parameters.
To built the mesoscale model of the blends, we should set up the beads number, interaction between beads, running time, solve method and other parameters that related to the calculation.
To map the representative polymer chains onto Gaussian chains, the bead number (n) can be got by Eq.1: (1) where n is the number of the beads, Nmono is the chain length of monomer and C∞ is the characteristic ratio of monome.
Calculated by Eq.1, the beads number is 6 and 10.
The smallest elements in the simulation model change into beads after the coarse grain step.