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Online since: January 2018
Authors: Asma Perveen, Muhammad Pervej Jahan
However, the non-conductive nature of coating caused in the reduction of overcut for machining using coated tools.
Al Ahmari et al investigated the hybrid machining of Ni-Ti alloy combining micro EDM and laser beam machining and reported 50-65% process time reduction without negative effect on hole quality as compared to micro-EDM process alone [17].
Finally, the experimental data were collected using different characterization techniques to assess the precision of the micro-holes, machining time and surface crater size.
Al Ahmari et al investigated the hybrid machining of Ni-Ti alloy combining micro EDM and laser beam machining and reported 50-65% process time reduction without negative effect on hole quality as compared to micro-EDM process alone [17].
Finally, the experimental data were collected using different characterization techniques to assess the precision of the micro-holes, machining time and surface crater size.
Online since: December 2016
Authors: Akos Lakatos, Ferenc Szodrai
Therefore reduction of energy demand is crucial.
When used well and combined with passive solar design, thermal mass can play an important role in major reductions to energy use in active heating and cooling systems.
Tony, Building model calibration using energy and environmental data.
When used well and combined with passive solar design, thermal mass can play an important role in major reductions to energy use in active heating and cooling systems.
Tony, Building model calibration using energy and environmental data.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Yong Chang Yu, Jian Hua Qu, Xian Kun Gao, Chuan An Yao
Spatial multiplexing in the multi-user MIMO downlink allows each user in the system to receive multiple data subchannels simultaneously using the same time and spectral resources.
This algorithms can provide a substantial gain in network downlink throughput by allowing multiple users to communicate in the same frequency and time slots, which allows the transmission of multiple spatially multiplexed (SMUX) data streams to multiple users and results in very high data rates [2].
Since we assume that each data symbol has unit variance, the total transmit power constraint can be expressed as .
For the case that one stream data symbol is transmitted to each user (), is the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue: (11) For the case that multi stream data symbol is transmitted to each user ( ), is the eigenvectors that correspond to the largest generalized eigenvalues of the matrix pair.
The BS sends a single data stream to each user.
This algorithms can provide a substantial gain in network downlink throughput by allowing multiple users to communicate in the same frequency and time slots, which allows the transmission of multiple spatially multiplexed (SMUX) data streams to multiple users and results in very high data rates [2].
Since we assume that each data symbol has unit variance, the total transmit power constraint can be expressed as .
For the case that one stream data symbol is transmitted to each user (), is the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue: (11) For the case that multi stream data symbol is transmitted to each user ( ), is the eigenvectors that correspond to the largest generalized eigenvalues of the matrix pair.
The BS sends a single data stream to each user.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Xien Cheng, Yi Lai Zhang, Jian Ying Li
MCU
MC9S08GT60
RF
MC1392
Thermocouple sensor
B type
Resistance sensor
PT100
Data Acquisition Unit Process Unit Data Transfer Unit
CR2032 Power Unit
Fig. 1.
Schematic of wireless temperature sensor component Data Acquisition Unit.
The main functionality of the sensing unit is to sense or measure physical data from the target area.
Data Transfer Unit.
In this solution, data transfer unit of sensor component is implemented by MC13192, which has already implemented the Zigbee data transfer protocol.
Schematic of wireless temperature sensor component Data Acquisition Unit.
The main functionality of the sensing unit is to sense or measure physical data from the target area.
Data Transfer Unit.
In this solution, data transfer unit of sensor component is implemented by MC13192, which has already implemented the Zigbee data transfer protocol.
Online since: May 2021
Authors: S. Sidelnikov, M. Motkov, M. Voroshilova, V. Bespalov, D. Voroshilov
The results of experimental studies in comparison with the calculated data showed that the deviation of the calculated data does not exceed 15%.
Calculation data of the power parameters of the CRE process at various units.
From which it can be seen that the deviation of the calculated data does not exceed 15%.
Comparison of the calculated and experimental data of the force parameters during the combined rolling-extruding of a rod with a diameter of 5 mm on the CRE-200 unit.
Force, kN ξ, s-1 Calculated data Experimental data Deviation, % P1 0.5 221 250 11 1.5 229 270 15 P2 0.5 122 121 1 1.5 126 149 15 Conclusion Thus, the conducted analytical and experimental studies made it possible to propose new technological modes of combined rolling-extruding for the production of rods from alloy 01417 with the aim of further drawing wire for electrical purposes.
Calculation data of the power parameters of the CRE process at various units.
From which it can be seen that the deviation of the calculated data does not exceed 15%.
Comparison of the calculated and experimental data of the force parameters during the combined rolling-extruding of a rod with a diameter of 5 mm on the CRE-200 unit.
Force, kN ξ, s-1 Calculated data Experimental data Deviation, % P1 0.5 221 250 11 1.5 229 270 15 P2 0.5 122 121 1 1.5 126 149 15 Conclusion Thus, the conducted analytical and experimental studies made it possible to propose new technological modes of combined rolling-extruding for the production of rods from alloy 01417 with the aim of further drawing wire for electrical purposes.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Jing Bai, Feng Xue, Yang Shan Sun
The need for further weight reduction is expanding the future use of magnesium to critical components such as transmission and engine parts.
Fig. 6 shows the all experimental data logarithmically plotted as strain rate, , versus the normalized stress, (σ/G) in the creep conditions of 175 oC and the applied stress between 50-80MPa.
The plot is shown in Fig. 7 for the data with n = 3.5 taking σ = 70MPa.
Thus a reduction or elimination of the Mg17Al12 volume will lead to improvement in creep resistance.
There is a wide stress ranges at intermediate stresses and a single testing temperature where the datum points usually fall along a line having a slope within the range of ~3 to 6[11].
Fig. 6 shows the all experimental data logarithmically plotted as strain rate, , versus the normalized stress, (σ/G) in the creep conditions of 175 oC and the applied stress between 50-80MPa.
The plot is shown in Fig. 7 for the data with n = 3.5 taking σ = 70MPa.
Thus a reduction or elimination of the Mg17Al12 volume will lead to improvement in creep resistance.
There is a wide stress ranges at intermediate stresses and a single testing temperature where the datum points usually fall along a line having a slope within the range of ~3 to 6[11].
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Juan Wang, Dimitrios Tsagdis
Using statistical data from year 2003 to 2011, this paper computes the location quotient and cluster scale of Jiangsu textiles industry, which shows a remarkable cluster tendency.
Whereas data in Gross Industrial Output Value and “delivery value for export” were calculated on the basis of textiles, clothing and other fiber products manufacturing; leather, fur, down and its products; and chemical fiber manufacturing.
It can be seen from Fig.1 (derived from Table 1 data) that textiles delivery value for export of Jiangsu kept increasing except in 2009 which reflected the impact of global economic crisis.
Table 2 is derived by adding up data of textiles, clothing and fiber products manufacturing, leather, fur, down and its products, and chemical fiber manufacturing during 1998~2011.
Whereas data in Gross Industrial Output Value and “delivery value for export” were calculated on the basis of textiles, clothing and other fiber products manufacturing; leather, fur, down and its products; and chemical fiber manufacturing.
Whereas data in Gross Industrial Output Value and “delivery value for export” were calculated on the basis of textiles, clothing and other fiber products manufacturing; leather, fur, down and its products; and chemical fiber manufacturing.
It can be seen from Fig.1 (derived from Table 1 data) that textiles delivery value for export of Jiangsu kept increasing except in 2009 which reflected the impact of global economic crisis.
Table 2 is derived by adding up data of textiles, clothing and fiber products manufacturing, leather, fur, down and its products, and chemical fiber manufacturing during 1998~2011.
Whereas data in Gross Industrial Output Value and “delivery value for export” were calculated on the basis of textiles, clothing and other fiber products manufacturing; leather, fur, down and its products; and chemical fiber manufacturing.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Ji Fang Xu, Gong Yuan Liu, Jie Yu Zhang, Lei Tang, Chang Jie
With the reduction of Mo content, Mo metal phase as the continuous network structure is dispersedly distributed in the ceramic phase zone.
In order to ascertain the reliability of the data, the experiments were repeated three times.
With the reduction of Mo content, Mo metal phase as the continuous network structure is dispersedly distributed in the ceramic phase zone.
In order to ascertain the reliability of the data, the experiments were repeated three times.
With the reduction of Mo content, Mo metal phase as the continuous network structure is dispersedly distributed in the ceramic phase zone.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Piotr Bobrowski, Frank Czerwiński, Łukasz Rogal, Lidia Litynska-Dobrzyńska, Anna Wierzbicka-Miernik, Jan Dutkiewicz
It was found that the single-step deformation of as-cast alloy via hot rolling at 350°C with a thickness reduction of 50% refined the alloy microstructure by creating deformation bands of the Mg(α) phase with a size of the order of tenths of micrometers.
The as-cast ingot was subsequently hot rolled at 350°C with a thickness reduction of 50% using the quarto-duo DW4-L rolling mill.
(a) Plot of liquid fraction versus temperature for the Mg-3%Zn alloy, obtained from heat flow versus temperature data, recorded with DSC; (b) microstructure of the Mg-3%Zn as-cast ingot, re-heated to 630°C and quenched in water Effect of hot rolling step Plastic deformation in the solid phase is one of many methods of feedstock preparation for light alloys as well as for steels [3, 17, 19].
The as-cast ingot was subsequently hot rolled at 350°C with a thickness reduction of 50% using the quarto-duo DW4-L rolling mill.
(a) Plot of liquid fraction versus temperature for the Mg-3%Zn alloy, obtained from heat flow versus temperature data, recorded with DSC; (b) microstructure of the Mg-3%Zn as-cast ingot, re-heated to 630°C and quenched in water Effect of hot rolling step Plastic deformation in the solid phase is one of many methods of feedstock preparation for light alloys as well as for steels [3, 17, 19].
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Khairul Anwar bin Ibrahim, Mau Teng Au, Chin Kim Gan
Distribution system planning involves a set of complex analysis as the amount of data and associated parameters needed for the analysis are huge.
Simplified reference network models (or a generic representative network) would help to reduce the amount of data to be handled, and thereby simplify the complexities of analysis.
Table 1: Data Sets of Real Network from Technical Losses Estimation Software Network Data Load data · Total No of 33 kV Feeders · Total No of 33/11 kV Transformers & Capacity · Total No of 11 kV Feeders · Total No of 11/0.4 kV Transformers & Capacity · Ratio of OH to UG LV Network · Feeder length (L) [km] · Peak demand/feeder · Monthly Incoming Units from Transmission [MWhr] · Peak Demand at Main-In-Take[MW] · Load Factor (LF) · Power Factor (pf) · Composition of Load segments Database of real distribution networks from Table 1 are classified according to its voltage level, geographical locations, load or customer segments, and maturity level.
Simplified reference network models (or a generic representative network) help to reduce the data to be handled, and hence reduce the associated complexities.
The main advantage of the proposed concept lies in the fact that the data are already available in the system and hence could be implemented immediately.
Simplified reference network models (or a generic representative network) would help to reduce the amount of data to be handled, and thereby simplify the complexities of analysis.
Table 1: Data Sets of Real Network from Technical Losses Estimation Software Network Data Load data · Total No of 33 kV Feeders · Total No of 33/11 kV Transformers & Capacity · Total No of 11 kV Feeders · Total No of 11/0.4 kV Transformers & Capacity · Ratio of OH to UG LV Network · Feeder length (L) [km] · Peak demand/feeder · Monthly Incoming Units from Transmission [MWhr] · Peak Demand at Main-In-Take[MW] · Load Factor (LF) · Power Factor (pf) · Composition of Load segments Database of real distribution networks from Table 1 are classified according to its voltage level, geographical locations, load or customer segments, and maturity level.
Simplified reference network models (or a generic representative network) help to reduce the data to be handled, and hence reduce the associated complexities.
The main advantage of the proposed concept lies in the fact that the data are already available in the system and hence could be implemented immediately.