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Microwave sintering has many advantages, such as rapid heating rate, lower sintering temperature, enhanced densification, smaller average grain size, short processing time, low power requirement and so on[15].
Theoretical calculation and discussion In the γ-LiAlO2:Fe3+ ceramic, the oxygen ions can form tetrahedrons with Fe3+ ions which substitute the Al3+ in tetrahedral centers, and the coordination number of oxygen is four.
Local structural parameters of γ-LiAlO2:Fe3+ (Ref. 19: ,,) Ligand numbers 1 2 3 4 Co-O bond lengths Table2.

The average grain size, 2.3 mm, was found by the linear intercept method.
The outer zone is mostly formed by the β NiAl phase (dark area in Fig. 2) with a small number of evenly distributed small precipitates of complex phases of Al-Ni and Al-Cr-Ni (see spots 1 and 2 in Fig. 2).
The number of fatigue cracks initiated at the surface is higher in coated specimens than in uncoated ones.

Two types of fine silica sand with densities of 2.60 g/cm3 were used, and an average grain size of 150 μm was maintained.
Table 2 Mix proportions and curing conditions of the SHCC panel * All numbers are weights/m3 Experimental Program SHCC panel Manufacturing Process A Hobart asphalt mixer with a maximum capacity of 15 liter was used to mix the SHCC.
A large number of micro-cracks were seen in the pure bending region. 2.

At the grain boundary, there is a combination of W and Cu.
Smaller mfp values is an indication of higher number of interaction of the incident radiation beam with the atoms of the sample(s) being tested.
The high number of interaction as the distance between successive collisions reduces resulted in large attenuation values.

The thermocouple was made up of TC4 and constantan wire and hot junction was formed when the cutting action of CBN grains damaged the insulator layer around constantan wire.
Table 2 Configuration of cup wheel with internal cooling structure Diameter 80mm Abrasives CBN Grit 60 Segments number 26 Bonding agent Ceramics Comparison experiments of grinding temperature were conducted under almost same grinding parameters using novel wheel under different cooling methods to confirm its effect in reducing grinding temperatures.
As the grinding temperature was lower than 540℃, morphology of the surface was clear and smooth, and severe plastically deformed coating layers and a large number of micro-cracks were observed on the ground surface by SEM when temperature was higher than 750℃.

Typical fatigue fracture surface of pre-corroded AA 6A02 coupons are shown in Fig.3, which presents the large number of fatigue cracks (dark grey areas) that have grown around the entire circumference of the fracture surface.
The crack initiation region is a very short fan-shaped area, and most of them became smooth and bright regions due of micro-mechanism of the accumulative plastic slipping of surface grains.
Crack initiation region Crack instantly fracture area Slippage mark Crack steadily Extension area Fig.3 Fatigue fracture morphology in macro-scale Because of the large number of corrosion pits and the effectiveness of these pits as stress concentration sites during fatigue, fatigue crack initiation from these pits is often observed.

Introduction In Turkey, generally, building stock is formed from reinforced concrete (RC) structures and during the latest earthquakes, a large number of these buildings collapsed leading to widespread destruction and loss of life [1].
The concrete aggregates had been used in their natural states without being washed or sieved and that the grain distribution was not suitable good concrete quality.
In addition, many columns had f14 longitudinal reinforcements instead of f16, and the number of longitudinal reinforcements in some columns had been changed.

Where: Mi = (ci, Vi) is characterized by element, Vi is the number of characteristics ci on the magnitude of the field (i = 1,2, ..., n).
Field values with interval numbers：X1=<900,1000>, X2=<85,95>, X3=<85,90>, X4=<170,190>, X5=<80,100>.
[7] Zhang Hong-tao, Mao Han-ping.Four kinds of objective weight determination method of pests in stored grain extension classification application[J]．Transactions of the CSAE, 2009, 25(1):132－136

Introduction The TiO2 is known as an attractive semiconductor material with antibacterial and hydrophilic properties.Both mechanisms were mainly basedon the TiO2photocatalytic ability, which exhibited good performance when TiO2was illuminated with near UV or sun light.A number of researches have proved that the photocatalyticactivities of TiO2 thin films were strongly influenced by their phase composition.
From the Fig. 1 (b), grain size of the crystalline structures was increased with the increased annealing temperature.
As-deposited 300 °C 500 °C (b) (a) Fig. 1 (a) XRD pattern and (b) FE-SEM micrograph of TiO2 thin films at different annealing temperature Fig. 2 (a) Transmission spectraand (b) refractive index of TiO2 thin films at different annealing temperature Anti-bacterial Properties The anti-bacterial effects of as-deposited and annealed TiO2 film coated on BK7 glass against E. coli wereshown in Fig. 3.The results demonstrated slight changein survival of E. coli cells on the as-deposited TiO2thin films before and after the UV light illumination with the UV illumination of 20 minutes, the number of E. coli cells reduced from 2.4 x 108 to 1.8 x 108cfu/ml as shown in Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b), respectively.

Introduction Fragmentation, i.e. breakup into a large number of pieces occurs when a large amount of energy is imparted to a solid within a short time.
Crack formation is captured such that the beams, modeling cohesive forces between grains, can be broken according to a physical breaking rule, which takes into account the stretching and bending of beams , (1) where the two parameters εth and θth controll the relative importance of the two breaking modes.
A large number of simulations were carried out varying the impact velocity v0 in a broad range to cover both the damage and fragmentation phase of the system.