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Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 oxides were also generated in pure Al and Al-1wt%Mg matrices, respectively, through pure oxygen injection in the molten metal [14].
Al/Al2O3 composites achieved an hardness value of 56 HV0.01 after 4 hours of gas bubbling treatment, with a 22% increase with respect to the unreinforced Al matrix.
El-Mahallawi, H.
Pai, Synthesis and characterization of in situ Al–AlN composite by nitrogen gas, J.
Grell, Nitridation reactions of molten Al-(Mg-Si) alloys, J.

[3] Thomas A, El-Wahabi M, Cabrera JM, Prado JM.
[4] Choudhury IA, El-Baradie MA.
[7] Alauddin M, El Baradie MA, Hashmi MSJ.
(Al,Ti) N Coated Carbide Endmills for Difficult-to-cut Material.
[19] Haruyo F, Shin'ya I, Naoya O, Norihide K, Norihiro T, Isao Y, et al.

Rubino et al., “Metallization of fiber reinforced composite by surface functionalization and cold spray deposition,” Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 47, no. 2019, pp. 1084–1088, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.353
[13] A. el Hassanin et al., “Influence of abrasive materials in fluidised bed machining of AlSi10Mg parts made through selective laser melting technology,” Key Engineering Materials, vol. 813 KEM, pp. 129–134, 2019, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.813.129
[14] A. el Hassanin et al., “Rotation-assisted abrasive fluidised bed machining of alsi10mg parts made through selective laser melting technology,” Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 47, no. 2019, pp. 1043–1049, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.113
[15] A. el Hassanin, C.

Later, Feng et al. [8] showed strong photoluminescence property in WO3 thin films at room temperature.
Gerand et al. [15] also reported the hexagonal structure of WO3 thin films.
Feng, A.L.
El-Nahass and K.
Abd El-Hady, Structural and optical characterization of thermally evaporated tungsten trioxide (WO3) thin films, Saudi.

El-Etre, Natural Honey as Corrosion Inhibitor for Metals and Alloys I - Copper in Neutral Aqueous Solution, Corrosion Science 40(1998): 1845-1850
Okafor et al., Inhibitory Action of Phyllanthus Amarus Extract on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Media.
El-Etre, Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Carbon Steel Using Aqueous Extract of Olive Leaves, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 314(2007): 578-583
Andarwulan, et al., Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Vegetables from Indonesia, Food Chemistry, 2010
Mejeha, et al., The Inhibitive Effect of Solanum Melongena L.

Enzyme solution was extracted using the procedure described by Zhang et al[11].
Xu et al. reported that 100 mM NaCl inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of Oryza sativa L.
El-Mahrouk and Y.
Guo, et al.
El Ferjani: Plant Growth Regulation (2014), p1 [19] R.

Duan et. al. [5] showed that activated carbon in the catalytic pyrolysis was able to produce an upgraded bio-oil.
Furthermore, the effect of the ratio of active zeolite catalyst and biomass feed on pyrolysis result was reviewed by Damayanti et. al. [6].
This phenomenon was similar to the study carried out by Rabiu et.al. [12] and Saracoglu et al. [13].
El Achaby, E.
El harfi, Valorization of algal waste via pyrolysis in a fixed-bed reactor: Production and characterization of bio-oil and bio-char, Bioresour.

Rahman, E.L.
Rahman and E.L.
Abdalla, and E.L.
Rahman, E.L.
Rolfes and E.L.

Shahriar Iftekhar et al. [7] investigated the composition–property relationships of La2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glass system.
Composition SiO2 B2O3 Al2O3 CaO La2O3 Al/B G1 60.0 21.7 8.3 8.0 2.0 0.38 G2 60.0 19.0 11.0 8.0 2.0 0.58 G3 60.0 17.0 13.0 8.0 2.0 0.76 G4 60.0 15.3 14.7 8.0 2.0 0.96 G5 60.0 14.0 16.0 8.0 2.0 1.14 Results and Discussion In order to understand the effect of compositional variation on the structure of aluminoborosilicate glasses, it was considered that the mid infrared region (400-2000 cm-1) where the vibration modes of aluminoborosilicate glasses were active.
Ionic bonds between the alkaline earth cations and anionic non-bridging oxygen A–O- (A=B, Si, Al) were broken by OH- ions.
Sharaf El-Deen: Mater.

Synthesis and Fluorescence Properties of Pyrazole Oxadiazole Derivatives Dongfeng Li1*, Yun Wang1, Guocheng Yang1, Xinrong Ma1, Shuang Han1, Rongguang Song1, Zhiyuan Xie2 1School of Chemistry and Life Science Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin Province, China lidongfeng@mail.ccut.edu.cn 2State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun, Jilin Province, China xiezy_n@ciac.jl.cn Keywords: Oxadiazole, Pyrazole, Benzothiazole, Fluorescence Abstract: In order to explore high strength organic electrotransporting electroluminescent (EL)materials, twelve new pyrazole oxadiazole compounds containing the benzothiazole or benzene group in the 1 position of pyrazole, the aromatic group in the 3 position of pyrazole and the formacyl group in the 4 position of pyrazole were designed and synthesized.
It has been widely researched in organic electrotransporting electroluminescent(EL) materials which are small molecule and polymer [1-6].
Some people have studied for it in photochromic materials, Pu et al. had reported the photochromic of compounds containing the pyrazole ring and pointed out that these compounds have strong fluorescence [10].
Gupta et al. had discussed the fluorescence property of complex compound composed of pyrazole derivatives and metal ion [11].
Instrument America PerkinElmer spectrum one FTIR spectrometer (KBr tablet), Switzerland Bruker AVANCE 400 NMR (Internal Standard, TMS, solvent CDCl3), America agilent 1100 series LC/MSD trap SL spectrometer, Germany Elemental Vario EL III element analyzer, America PerkinElmer Lambda 25 UV-VIS spectrophotometer, Japan Shimazu RF-5301PC fluorescence spectrometer (slit width 1.5 nm), Shanghai Shuguang Light & Electricity Technology Co., LTD.