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Online since: August 2021
Authors: Ivan S. Safronov, Alexander I. Ushakov
The laser pulse has a number of features, including a complex effect on the surface layers of the material.
This is due to a number of reasons, for example, treatment is accompanied by a change in the structure of the material and as a result leads to the loss of unique properties [6-8].
The physical and mechanical parameters of the influence of laser radiation of various energies on the material’s surface are described in a number of works [13-15, 20, 21].
Here, during a plastic deformation, the rotational processes, boundary slippage, grain reversal and so on predominate.
The disappearance of cracks, reduction of their number, density, etc. [4-8, 20] indicates an increase in the viscosity of micro-destruction.
This is due to a number of reasons, for example, treatment is accompanied by a change in the structure of the material and as a result leads to the loss of unique properties [6-8].
The physical and mechanical parameters of the influence of laser radiation of various energies on the material’s surface are described in a number of works [13-15, 20, 21].
Here, during a plastic deformation, the rotational processes, boundary slippage, grain reversal and so on predominate.
The disappearance of cracks, reduction of their number, density, etc. [4-8, 20] indicates an increase in the viscosity of micro-destruction.
Online since: April 2016
Authors: A. Zamani, H. Soleimani, M. Sabet, S.N. Hosseini, Z. Hosseini
Retention is basically mechanized by irreversible attachment to the rock grain surfaces which itself is impacted by a number of factors including surface roughness, heterogeneity in the charge, and colloid variability [36].
While filtration is a process where the attractive interactions between particles and grain surface irreversibly adsorbs other particles onto the grains surface [37].
In a model for irreversible attachment in a one-dimensional homogeneous media with no salinity and a constant attachment coefficient the results gained indicate that grain size and its dispersivity have the highest impact on transport while porosity impact is less.
While filtration is a process where the attractive interactions between particles and grain surface irreversibly adsorbs other particles onto the grains surface [37].
In a model for irreversible attachment in a one-dimensional homogeneous media with no salinity and a constant attachment coefficient the results gained indicate that grain size and its dispersivity have the highest impact on transport while porosity impact is less.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Lars Arnberg, Ragnvald H. Mathiesen, Paul L. Schaffer
Although it appears
that the Bi-rich droplets nucleate in a
position ahead of the monotectic front, as solidification continues (at t = 3.5 and 7.0 s) it becomes
apparent that two α-Al grains have also nucleated and are growing in the same location as the initial
L2 nucleation at t = 0.
It would be expected that α-Al grains are also present at t = 0 as homogeneous nucleation of L2 would be highly unlikely when thermodynamically favourable nucleating surfaces, such as α-Al, are present.
At t = 3.5 s, equiaxed grains appear to be growing in the same location as the initial L2 nucleation.
The open equiaxed network allows Bi-rich droplets to settle freely and they accumulate on top of α-Al grains (highlighted by circles at t = 7.0 s) where the network becomes more constricted.
Droplet Motion and Interaction At higher ∇T's, a large number of L2 droplets are set in motion by thermosolutal Marangoni forces.
It would be expected that α-Al grains are also present at t = 0 as homogeneous nucleation of L2 would be highly unlikely when thermodynamically favourable nucleating surfaces, such as α-Al, are present.
At t = 3.5 s, equiaxed grains appear to be growing in the same location as the initial L2 nucleation.
The open equiaxed network allows Bi-rich droplets to settle freely and they accumulate on top of α-Al grains (highlighted by circles at t = 7.0 s) where the network becomes more constricted.
Droplet Motion and Interaction At higher ∇T's, a large number of L2 droplets are set in motion by thermosolutal Marangoni forces.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Eric Blond, Emmanuel de Bilbao, Alain Gasser, Nicolas Schmitt, Tarek Merzouki
For example, post-mortem analyses on worn oxide bonded SiC- based tiles have shown that molten salts react with SiC aggregates and matrix of the material and form para-wollastonite around SiC grains and in the porosity, near the hot face of refractory tiles.
The gas O2 react with SiC-grain to form SiO2 layer surrounding the sound part of SiC grain.
The material considered hereafter is a commercial SiC-based refractory, having a particle size distribution ranging from 20 µm to 3 mm and containing approximately 85 wt.% of SiC-grains.
The oxidation extent instead of the SiO2 mass fraction or the SiC content seems to be a better state variable because initially it is null at each point and it reduces the number of variable to compute (one instead of two that, are not independent).
The gas O2 react with SiC-grain to form SiO2 layer surrounding the sound part of SiC grain.
The material considered hereafter is a commercial SiC-based refractory, having a particle size distribution ranging from 20 µm to 3 mm and containing approximately 85 wt.% of SiC-grains.
The oxidation extent instead of the SiO2 mass fraction or the SiC content seems to be a better state variable because initially it is null at each point and it reduces the number of variable to compute (one instead of two that, are not independent).
Online since: November 2018
Authors: Yoshiharu Suzuki, Teruo Kanki, Hidekazu Tanaka, Tomotaka Inoue, Kiyohiko Matsubara, Naoki Wada, Naoki Asakawa
However, from the AFM image of the spin-coated film at 110 ◦C (Fig.3c), the
size of crystalline grains of RR-P3HT is larger than that for 50 ◦C(Fig.3b), which shows the opposite
tendency to that between 25 and 50 ◦C in association with increase of temperature.
Consequently, density of crystalline nuclei was maximized around 50 ◦C, giving crystalline grains with the smallest size.
Additionally, spin-coating precipitation of RR-P3HT was seemingly delayed by the high temperature solution of 110 ◦C, and this causes to slightly gain the grain size of RR-P3HT.
The morphological changes give the variation of source-drain conductivity of OFETs; namely, the higher conductivity is seen in the larger crystalline grains, particularly in low current region (Fig.2d).
A multiple parallel network[11, 12, 13, 26] is suggested to maintain high performance, which needs a large number of independent noise sources ideally.
Consequently, density of crystalline nuclei was maximized around 50 ◦C, giving crystalline grains with the smallest size.
Additionally, spin-coating precipitation of RR-P3HT was seemingly delayed by the high temperature solution of 110 ◦C, and this causes to slightly gain the grain size of RR-P3HT.
The morphological changes give the variation of source-drain conductivity of OFETs; namely, the higher conductivity is seen in the larger crystalline grains, particularly in low current region (Fig.2d).
A multiple parallel network[11, 12, 13, 26] is suggested to maintain high performance, which needs a large number of independent noise sources ideally.
Online since: December 2023
Authors: Roberto Montanari, Alessandra Varone, Maria Richetta, Chiara de Crescenzo, Riccardo Narducci
If then the fracture of several ribs involves a greater number of sectors, a thoracic flap is generated in 30% of cases and mortality rises to 20%.
To overcome these problems, the research has focused on two aspects: a) grain refinement of the material to enhance the mechanical properties [24-26]; b) tailoring of alloy composition and study of LDHs surface coatings to increase corrosion resistance.
To assess the presence of a preferred orientation of the grains, the relative intensities of the diffraction peaks were compared to those of Mg reported in the JCPDS-ICDD database (file 35-821), corresponding to a material with random grain orientation.
Vinogradov, Corrosion Fatigue of Fine Grain Mg-Zn-Zr and Mg-Y-Zn Alloys.
To overcome these problems, the research has focused on two aspects: a) grain refinement of the material to enhance the mechanical properties [24-26]; b) tailoring of alloy composition and study of LDHs surface coatings to increase corrosion resistance.
To assess the presence of a preferred orientation of the grains, the relative intensities of the diffraction peaks were compared to those of Mg reported in the JCPDS-ICDD database (file 35-821), corresponding to a material with random grain orientation.
Vinogradov, Corrosion Fatigue of Fine Grain Mg-Zn-Zr and Mg-Y-Zn Alloys.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Xiao Li Xu, Si Qin Pang, Yan Tao Dou, Wei Wang
And each specimen shall be numbered according to cutting locations, with 3 specimens in each group.
Fig 9 is the figure of the accumulative number of AE hits versus time.
As is shown, the number of AE hits before 1140s increases slowly, but rises rapidly thereafter, and shows a step-type change that the number of AE hits increases dramatically at roughly 1705s.
This signifies that the number of AE hits can be well used to monitor and test the loading and deformation process of welding specimen.
Phone number: (010)-81292290 Fax number: (010)-81292290 Email address: dyt0743@sina.com
Fig 9 is the figure of the accumulative number of AE hits versus time.
As is shown, the number of AE hits before 1140s increases slowly, but rises rapidly thereafter, and shows a step-type change that the number of AE hits increases dramatically at roughly 1705s.
This signifies that the number of AE hits can be well used to monitor and test the loading and deformation process of welding specimen.
Phone number: (010)-81292290 Fax number: (010)-81292290 Email address: dyt0743@sina.com
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Peter Nesvadba, Milan Turňa, Jozef Ondruška, Mária Behúlová
This standard corresponds to EN1563 (material designation: GJS-400-15, material number: JS1030).
Intermixing of welded materials Plastic strain of ferritic grains in matrix Plastic strain of graphite globules CuSn8 Fig. 3: A detail of weld boundary of MCI – SnCu8 bimetal The character of boundary was in detail studied by EDX and EBSD microanalyses and it will be the subject of lecture.
Intermixing of welded materials Plastic strain of ferritic grains in matrix Plastic strain of graphite globules CuSn8 Fig. 3: A detail of weld boundary of MCI – SnCu8 bimetal The character of boundary was in detail studied by EDX and EBSD microanalyses and it will be the subject of lecture.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Hamza Abobakr O. Ali Ammar, Xiao Xing Li
However, defects such as excessive thinning, coarse grains and bulging can be controlled by multi-step forming, etc. [1,2].
Fig. 6 Stretch force 120 mm Fig. 7 Compare 5 results (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th ) Simulations Fig, 8 Stretching distance 90 mm with angle 15o Summary Using the simulation system to run experiments save effort and money as well as time, it is conducting a number of tests, chooses the best results.
Fig. 6 Stretch force 120 mm Fig. 7 Compare 5 results (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th ) Simulations Fig, 8 Stretching distance 90 mm with angle 15o Summary Using the simulation system to run experiments save effort and money as well as time, it is conducting a number of tests, chooses the best results.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Min Zhu, Yan Bo Wu, Xing Tao Sun, Jun Xi Shi
(1a)
where
(1b) with
(2a)
(2b) (2c)
is the root-mean square backscattered voltage, is the mass concentration and is the sediment grain density.
According to Eq. 1a, due to the random phase of the backscattered signal, is obtained by averaging over a number of independent backscattered signals.
According to Eq. 1a, due to the random phase of the backscattered signal, is obtained by averaging over a number of independent backscattered signals.