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With the good properties, ZrB2 ceramics are candidates for extreme conditions.
However, there is great difficulty in sintering of the ZrB2 ceramics.
Bellosi, Efficacy of HfN as sintering aid in the manufacture of ultrahigh- temperature metal diborides-matrix ceramics, Journal of Materials Research 12(2011) 3576-3585
Hong, Preparation of YAG gel coated ZrB2–SiC composite prepared by gelcasting and pressureless sintering, Composites Part B: Engineering 54(2013) 307-312
Feng, Morphology evolution of ZrB2 nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel method, Journal of Solid State Chemistry 8(2011) 2047-2052

Introduction In recent years, a great attention of researchers in the field of thermal protective materials has been devoted to the designing of thermal protective system based on ceramic composites and ceramic coatings [1].
Cao, Oxidation protection of carbon/carbon composites with a plasma-sprayed ZrB2–SiC–Si/Yb2SiO5/LaMgAl11O19 coating during thermal cycling, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 35 (2015) 2017–2025
Qiang, A SiC–Si–ZrB2 multiphase oxidation protective ceramic coating for SiC-coated carbon/carbon composites, Ceramics International 38 (2012) 2095–2100
Yue, Calculation of high-temperature insulation parameters and heat transfer behaviors of multilayer insulation by inverse problems method, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 27 (2014) 791–796
Li, Thermal protection from a finite period of heat exposure – Heat survival of flight data recorders, Applied Thermal Engineering 75 (2015) 748-755

Fernandes 3,a 1 Department of Ceramics and Glass Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 2 Department of Ceramics and Glass Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 3 Department of Ceramics and Glass Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal a scachinho@cv.ua.pt; brcorreia@cv.ua.pt; chelena@cv.ua.pt Keywords: bioglasses, in vitro tests, carbonate buffer, apatite layer.
Santos, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 330 (2003), p. 81-89 [2] E.
Song, International Journal for Applied Science 9 (2003), p. 1-7 [6] K.
Fernandes, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 24 (2004), p. 3693-3701 [15] R.
Hench, Journal of Materials Science 38 (2003), p. 4697-4707 [21] J.

Size Controllable Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Nanostructure Duygu CANDEMIR1,a * and Filiz BORAN2,b 1Hitit University, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, 19030, Corum, Turkey 2Hitit University, Chemical Engineering, 19030, Corum, Turkey aduygukorsacilar@hitit.edu.tr, bfilizbektas@hitit.edu.tr Keywords: Copper oxide, PEG, nanostructure, In Situ precipitation methode.
Cai, Novel synthesis of CuO nanofiber ball sand films and their UV–visible light filteration property, Ceramics International. 42 (2016) 8505-8512
Zhang, Synthesis of various CuO nanostructures via a Na3PO4–assisted hydrothermal route in a CuSO4–NaOH aqueous system and their catalytic performances, Ceramics International. 42 (2016) 3876-3881
Cetinkaya, Influence of reaction time on the size of SnO2 nanospheres and its sensing properties to VOC gases, International Journal of Biological and Medical Science. 1-No.2 (2016) 1-4
Shen, A novel porous CuO nanorod/rGO composite as a high stability anode material for lithium-ion batteries, Ceramics International. 42 (2016) 1833-1839

Numerical results and discussions A ceramic/metal FGMP with a surface crack is considered and its thermomechanical properties vary along the thickness direction.
Fig. 2 Transient temperature distribution for a ceramic/metal FGMP The transient temperature distribution corresponding to the normalized time is shown in Fig. 2.
Paulino: International Journal of Fracture 107(2001), p. 73-98 [2] and Acta Mechanica Vol. 195(2008), p. 157-166 [3] L.C.Guo, N.Noda and L.Z.Wu: Composites Science and Technology.
Paulino: Journal of Applied Mechanics-Transactions of the ASME Vol. 72(2005), p. 351-364 [7] K.C.
Kim: Engineering Fracture Mechanics Vol. 75(2008), p. 2542-2565

Zuraida c , Department of Manufacturing & Materials Engineering, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO BOX 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia a natasha_n11@hotmail.com, b sopyan@iiu.edu.my , c zuraidaa@iiu.edu.my Keywords: Manganese doping, hydroxyapatite, sol-gel, FTIR, XRD Abstract: Manganese is one of metallic elements which appear in biological apatite like bone and teeth.
Albrecht: Manganese in Apatites, Chemilcal, Ligand-Field and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 28 (1993), p. 2428 [6] S.
Ferreira: Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Potassium Substituted Hydroxyapatites and Hydroxyapatite/β-tricalciumphosphates Mixtures, Ceramics International, Vol. 33 (2007), p. 1489 [7] H.K.
Hyoun: Synthesis and Dissolution Behavior of βTCP and HA/β-TCP Composite Powders, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 2 (2003), p. 1039 [8] W.
Jason: Synthesis and Characterization Of Single Phase Silicon-Substituted α-tricalcium Phosphate, Journal of Biomaterials Vol. 27 (2006), p. 2916

Journal of Power Sources. 122: 174–180
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 91:114–121
Journal of the American Ceramic Society 100(9): 4153-4158
Journal of Power Sources 195:4124-4128
Ceramics International. 43: 16174–16177

For example, FGMs consisting of ceramics and metals can be designed to reduce the thermal stress and to maintain the heat and corrosion resistances of ceramics and the mechanical strength or conductivity of metals.
In order to apply FGMs to engineering structures, their fracture performance under mechanical loading and other loadings should be studied[1,2].
Composites Engineering, Vol. 5(1995), No. 7, pp. 753-770 [2] Z.
Characterization of fracture process in ceramic-metal functionally graded material under three-point-bending.
JSME International Journal, Series A, Vol. 49(2006), No. 3, pp. 321-330 [4] Rongxin Guo, Feng Yan and Haiting Xia.

Introduction The use of reinforced materials in engineering applications has shown a rapid growth in the last few years.
Reddy, "Ballistic impact behaviour of woven fabric composites: Formulation," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 32, pp. 1521-1552, 2006
Robinson, "Models for the ballistic impact of fabric armour," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 25, pp. 411-422, 2001
Gillespie Jr, "Multiscale modeling of the impact of textile fabrics based on hybrid element analysis," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 37, pp. 1056-1071, 2010
Sánchez-Gálvez, "Analytical modelling of normal and oblique ballistic impact on ceramic/metal lightweight armours," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 21, pp. 133-148, 1998.

Glaeser 1,f 1 Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California & Ceramic Science Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-1760 USA 2 Division of Materials Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628 Japan a sung_is@berkeley.edu, b akashi@eng.hokudai.ac.jp, cjmckeown@berkeley.edu, d jsugar@berkeley.edu, ecbartlow@berkeley.edu, faglaeser@sapphire.berkeley.edu Keywords: Joining, brazing, transient liquid, dewetting, liquid films, fracture, strength, alumina Abstract.
Guided by results from the Cu/Nb/Cu system, initial results using Ni/Nb/Ni interlayers suggest that processing times more normally associated with brazing are possible.Acknowledgements Research on TLP bonding and Cu/Nb/Cu interlayers was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S.
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