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Online since: July 2014
Authors: Qian Gao, Xiao Guang Wu, Zhi Qiang Yang, Duo Heng Ba
Through Rockware modeling system, we established the 3D rock properties model of UCS, RQD and RMR, and found that in the 5 to 6 rows of east hanging wall exists rock not conducive to the block caving method which belongs to the type of V.
When we carry on geological exploration or drilling logging, we must quantify the qualitative factors with certain technology to provide the basis for the classification of surrounding rock.
When analyzing the mechanical properties and the rheological law of tectonic zone of surrounding rock, they found that the rock mass has low strength because there are so many mineral crystal structures in the rock mass .The paper further points out that part of the rock is of high porosity, and easily expanse when touching and mud.
It clearly shows a stable state of mining of No. 1 orebody rock, that is the eastern 5 ~ 6 of hanging wall which affected by the fault F8 belongs to class V.
When we carry on geological exploration or drilling logging, we must quantify the qualitative factors with certain technology to provide the basis for the classification of surrounding rock.
When analyzing the mechanical properties and the rheological law of tectonic zone of surrounding rock, they found that the rock mass has low strength because there are so many mineral crystal structures in the rock mass .The paper further points out that part of the rock is of high porosity, and easily expanse when touching and mud.
It clearly shows a stable state of mining of No. 1 orebody rock, that is the eastern 5 ~ 6 of hanging wall which affected by the fault F8 belongs to class V.
Online since: August 2018
Authors: Nurul Aimi Ghazali, Arina Sauki, Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar, Siti Humaira Naqiah Azmi, Wan Asma Wan Ibrahim
One of the factors is high initial cost of OBM, especially when it comes to formulate drilling fluid based on synthetic or mineral oil [1].
Effects of Ligni n on Mud Rheology and Filtration Properties at Different Temperatures Table 3 shows the properties of lignin-mud at different temperatures.
The pH of lignin did not significantly affect the PV values of the mud since the PV values were about the same with commercial lignin properties.
Another mud properties that can be compared was HTHP filtrate volume.
S., American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Effects of Ligni n on Mud Rheology and Filtration Properties at Different Temperatures Table 3 shows the properties of lignin-mud at different temperatures.
The pH of lignin did not significantly affect the PV values of the mud since the PV values were about the same with commercial lignin properties.
Another mud properties that can be compared was HTHP filtrate volume.
S., American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Fang Hong Sun, Bin Shen, Xiao Tian Shen, Tian Qi Zhao, Xin Chang Wang
Growth time optimization of fine grained diamond coated drills for machining CFRP
Xinchang Wang1, a *, Xiaotian Shen1, b, Tianqi Zhao1, c, Fanghong Sun1, d and Bin Shen1, e
1Mechanical Building B344, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
awangxinchangz@163.com, b742941666@qq.com, ctq.zhao@foxmail.com, dsunfanghong@sjtu.edu.cn, ebinshen@sjtu.edu.cn
Keywords: fine grained diamond; growth time; chemical vapor deposition; CFRP
Abstract.
Typical problems encountered when drilling the CFRP include the delamination of the composites, rapid tool wear, fiber pullout, presence of powdery chip, etc. [3] All the problems will adversely affect the application of the CFRP, for instance, the delamination of the composites, the main concern during the present drilling processes, can severely reduce the strength against fatigue, result in a poor assembly tolerance, and affect the structure integrity [4].
Facing to applications of such the diamond coated cutting tools, the excellent mechanical and tribological properties of the diamond films, including the extremely high hardness, favorable wear and corrosion resistance, low frictional coefficient, high thermal conductivity and high chemical inertness [6], will guarantee their protective effects on conventional cobalt cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) cutting tools, mainly manifesting as the prolonged tool life and improved machining quality.
After selecting a certain type of diamond film (e.g., the FGD film), the growth time that is directly related to the film thickness becomes a major factor influencing the cutting performance of the drills.
Secondly, the size of the WC grains in the substrate material is determined as 0.5~1.0 μm, because too large WC grain size will affect the grinding of the substrate drill and restrict the sharpening of its cutting edge, while too small WC grain size is against to the film-substrate adhesion because of the relatively weaker mechanical bondings between WC and diamond grains.
Typical problems encountered when drilling the CFRP include the delamination of the composites, rapid tool wear, fiber pullout, presence of powdery chip, etc. [3] All the problems will adversely affect the application of the CFRP, for instance, the delamination of the composites, the main concern during the present drilling processes, can severely reduce the strength against fatigue, result in a poor assembly tolerance, and affect the structure integrity [4].
Facing to applications of such the diamond coated cutting tools, the excellent mechanical and tribological properties of the diamond films, including the extremely high hardness, favorable wear and corrosion resistance, low frictional coefficient, high thermal conductivity and high chemical inertness [6], will guarantee their protective effects on conventional cobalt cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) cutting tools, mainly manifesting as the prolonged tool life and improved machining quality.
After selecting a certain type of diamond film (e.g., the FGD film), the growth time that is directly related to the film thickness becomes a major factor influencing the cutting performance of the drills.
Secondly, the size of the WC grains in the substrate material is determined as 0.5~1.0 μm, because too large WC grain size will affect the grinding of the substrate drill and restrict the sharpening of its cutting edge, while too small WC grain size is against to the film-substrate adhesion because of the relatively weaker mechanical bondings between WC and diamond grains.
Online since: July 2008
Authors: G. Andriosopoulos, Andrew P.F. Little, Carl T.F. Ross
Little
1c
1
The University of Portsmouth, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anglesea Road,
Portsmouth PO1 3DJ, UK
a
carl.ross@ntlworld.com, b g_andriosopoulos@hotmail.co.uk, candrew.little@port.ac.uk
Keywords: Plastic general instability, ring-stiffened cones, external pressure, finite elements.
The design charts allowed the possibility of obtaining plastic knockdown factors, so that the theoretical elastic buckling pressures, for perfect vessels, could be divided by the appropriate plastic knockdown factor, to give the predicted buckling pressure.
Experimental tests on the mild steel ENlA, revealed the following material properties: σyp = Yield Stress=250 MPa; E = Young's modulus=1.93E5 MPa; ν = Poisson's ratio=0.3 The dimensions of the vessels were measured on a Mitutoya Coordinate Measuring Machine and the maximum initial out-of-circularity was approximately 0.018mm.
These assumptions also affect the results shown in Table 4.
The design charts shown in Figures 5 to 7 were obtained for the results of 12 ring-stiffened cones, tested to destruction [1,3-7], where the vertical axes were the reciprocal thinness ratios and the horizontal axes were the plastic knockdown factors.
The design charts allowed the possibility of obtaining plastic knockdown factors, so that the theoretical elastic buckling pressures, for perfect vessels, could be divided by the appropriate plastic knockdown factor, to give the predicted buckling pressure.
Experimental tests on the mild steel ENlA, revealed the following material properties: σyp = Yield Stress=250 MPa; E = Young's modulus=1.93E5 MPa; ν = Poisson's ratio=0.3 The dimensions of the vessels were measured on a Mitutoya Coordinate Measuring Machine and the maximum initial out-of-circularity was approximately 0.018mm.
These assumptions also affect the results shown in Table 4.
The design charts shown in Figures 5 to 7 were obtained for the results of 12 ring-stiffened cones, tested to destruction [1,3-7], where the vertical axes were the reciprocal thinness ratios and the horizontal axes were the plastic knockdown factors.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Ameer Badr Khudhair, Tony Hadibarata, Mohamad Salman Mohd Jaafar, Mutah Musa
In the assumption for this model, Langmuir describes the surface as homogeneous assuming that all the adsorption sites have equal adsorbate affinity and that adsorption at one site does not affect adsorption at an adjacent site.
Cresol red dye grade 96% purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Some physiochemical properties of cresol red dye are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Physiochemical properties of cresol red dye Parameter Value Class Triarylmethane Molecular formula C21H17NaO5S Molecular weight 404.41 g/mol Adsorption maxima 436nm Samples preparation.
Many factors can influence on adsorption mechanism like adsorbent weight, surface area and duration.
In this research, these factors are explored to measure their effectiveness in the adsorption process.
Cresol red dye grade 96% purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Some physiochemical properties of cresol red dye are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Physiochemical properties of cresol red dye Parameter Value Class Triarylmethane Molecular formula C21H17NaO5S Molecular weight 404.41 g/mol Adsorption maxima 436nm Samples preparation.
Many factors can influence on adsorption mechanism like adsorbent weight, surface area and duration.
In this research, these factors are explored to measure their effectiveness in the adsorption process.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Anil Kumar Sharma, Gagan Gupta
Porowski and O’Donnell, 1978 [3], developed a general approach to the analysis of circular perforated plates with triangular or square penetration patterns, including thickness direction properties differing from the in-plane properties.
This implies that orthotropic material is best suited instead of isotropic properties based on equivalent solid properties.
Material properties as per latest RCC-MR design code, 2012 [8], like density, young modulus, poisson’s ratio are given in Table – 1.
Fig. 3: Displacement of FE model of IHX Mechanical loadings IHX model is analysed for mechanical loading.
The bottom dished head is not included in the finite element discritization, since they do not affect the results.
This implies that orthotropic material is best suited instead of isotropic properties based on equivalent solid properties.
Material properties as per latest RCC-MR design code, 2012 [8], like density, young modulus, poisson’s ratio are given in Table – 1.
Fig. 3: Displacement of FE model of IHX Mechanical loadings IHX model is analysed for mechanical loading.
The bottom dished head is not included in the finite element discritization, since they do not affect the results.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Xiang Yu, Chao Zhang, Jing Jing Di, Yi Yong Yang, Jing Lv
The casting sprues of different materials have the features of similar structure, variable size and strict tolerance, and material property is a key factor for casting sprue design.
L ranges from 0.7 mm to 2 mm and should be as short as possible on the basis of satisfying the intensity. w is set in a range from 3 to 10 h and directly affects the flux of melt.
The properties of elements can be determined in the DCL dialog program, and its results of execution as shown in Fig. 4a.
The size and function of each element is controlled by its properties in DCL program.
The DCL dialog program allows for displaying properties of dialog, button and label.
L ranges from 0.7 mm to 2 mm and should be as short as possible on the basis of satisfying the intensity. w is set in a range from 3 to 10 h and directly affects the flux of melt.
The properties of elements can be determined in the DCL dialog program, and its results of execution as shown in Fig. 4a.
The size and function of each element is controlled by its properties in DCL program.
The DCL dialog program allows for displaying properties of dialog, button and label.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Xiu Li Zhang, Zhi Yong Yang, Jian Xiong Liang, Zhen Bao Liu, Guo Qiang Sun
Furthermore, it was indicated that the steel also presents high fatigue properties and good high-temperature mechanical properties.
In this paper, the strengthening phase, the typical mechanical properties and corrosion resistance properties of the new developed steel were demonstrated and the application prospects and use value of the steel were evaluated comprehensively. 2.
The mechanical properties measurement was carried out in accordance with ASTM E8 and ASTM A370 standard.
Results and discussion 3.1 Mechanical properties Fig. 2 shows the effects of aging temperature on the mechanical properties of steel.
Figure 2 Mechanical properties of USS122 steel, (a) effects of aging temperature on the mechanical properties, (b) the typical relationships between the strength and fracture toughness 3.2 Fatigue property and high-temperature property Fig.3(a) gives the fatigue properties and high temperature tensile properties obtained from the sample with tensile strength of 1960 MPa.
In this paper, the strengthening phase, the typical mechanical properties and corrosion resistance properties of the new developed steel were demonstrated and the application prospects and use value of the steel were evaluated comprehensively. 2.
The mechanical properties measurement was carried out in accordance with ASTM E8 and ASTM A370 standard.
Results and discussion 3.1 Mechanical properties Fig. 2 shows the effects of aging temperature on the mechanical properties of steel.
Figure 2 Mechanical properties of USS122 steel, (a) effects of aging temperature on the mechanical properties, (b) the typical relationships between the strength and fracture toughness 3.2 Fatigue property and high-temperature property Fig.3(a) gives the fatigue properties and high temperature tensile properties obtained from the sample with tensile strength of 1960 MPa.
Online since: November 2009
Authors: Jian She Lian, Qing Jiang, Guo Yong Wang
A set of nanostructured metals and alloys were synthesized by a direct current electrodeposition
technique, and the effect of grain size and strain rate on the mechanical properties stressing on
tensile ductility was systemically studied by tensile test at room temperature.
In the past several years, many kinds of NS metals and alloy were synthesized in the author's lab by electrodeposition technique, and their mechanical properties were systemically tested at different strain rate and room temperature.
As show in Fig. 6, the tensile properties of a NS Ni with 37 nm mean grain size [29], and Fig. 7, the tensile properties of a NS Cu with 47 nm mean grain size [30], the excellent ductility can only be obtained at very low strain rates as the grain size further reduces to 30-50 nm.
Fig. 11 (a) shows the tensile properties of an NS Ni-9%Co alloy with 13 nm mean grain size tested at room temperature and a broad strain rate range [35].
Fig. 12 (a) shows the tensile properties of the NS Cu tested at room temperature and different strain rates.
In the past several years, many kinds of NS metals and alloy were synthesized in the author's lab by electrodeposition technique, and their mechanical properties were systemically tested at different strain rate and room temperature.
As show in Fig. 6, the tensile properties of a NS Ni with 37 nm mean grain size [29], and Fig. 7, the tensile properties of a NS Cu with 47 nm mean grain size [30], the excellent ductility can only be obtained at very low strain rates as the grain size further reduces to 30-50 nm.
Fig. 11 (a) shows the tensile properties of an NS Ni-9%Co alloy with 13 nm mean grain size tested at room temperature and a broad strain rate range [35].
Fig. 12 (a) shows the tensile properties of the NS Cu tested at room temperature and different strain rates.
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Philip J. Withers, Paul Andrews, Judith Shackleton, Wei Li, Michael Preuss
In this study the grain size and other line broadening factors besides plastic work are taken to be insignificant across the sample and FWHM is considered to be a good indicator of plastic work.
The pronounced anisotropy between the hoop and the radial directions is attributed to a significant mechanical effect that causes dissimilar plastic misfits in the two directions [2].
Nevertheless more realistic numerical models are needed to verify that the thermally facilitated mechanical strain can dominate over the thermal strain as workpiece temperature is increased.
Barash, The mechanical state of the sublayer of a surface generated by chip-removal process.
Dias, Influence of work material properties on residual stresses and work hardening induced by machining, The 7th European Conference on Residual Stresses, Berlin, 2006. 524-525
The pronounced anisotropy between the hoop and the radial directions is attributed to a significant mechanical effect that causes dissimilar plastic misfits in the two directions [2].
Nevertheless more realistic numerical models are needed to verify that the thermally facilitated mechanical strain can dominate over the thermal strain as workpiece temperature is increased.
Barash, The mechanical state of the sublayer of a surface generated by chip-removal process.
Dias, Influence of work material properties on residual stresses and work hardening induced by machining, The 7th European Conference on Residual Stresses, Berlin, 2006. 524-525